Baraba language

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Baraba
Spoken in:	Russia
Region:	Siberia
Total speakers:	8,000[1]
Language family:	Altaic[2] (controversial)  Turkic   Kypchak    Kypchak-Bolgar     Baraba
Language codes
ISO 639-1:	tt
ISO 639-2:	tat
ISO 639-3:	tat
Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. See IPA chart for English for an English-​based pronunciation key.

Baraba or Baraba Tatar is a Turkic language spoken by about 8,000 people in Russian Siberia. It is closely related to Tatar and some linguists consider Baraba to be a dialect of Tatar.

Baraba Tatar falls into a continuum of Tatar dialects spoken through Siberia. The term Baraba Tatar may be used to refer to all Siberian Tatar dialects.

Contents 1 Classification 2 Geographic Distribution 3 Differences from Standard (Kazan) Tatar 4 Sounds 4.1 Consonants 4.2 Vowels 5 See also 6 References

[edit] Classification

Baraba Tatar is a Turkic language belonging to the Kypchak branch. Within the Kypchak branch, Baraba is subgrouped with the closely related Tatar language and the less-closely related Bashkir language in the Kypchak-Bolgar family. Some linguists consider Baraba and other Turkic languages to be members of the Altaic macro-family.

[edit] Geographic Distribution

Baraba Tatar is spoken in the Tyumen and Tomsk Oblasts in Russia. It is not an official language. Standard Kazan Tatar is used as the literary language.

[edit] Differences from Standard (Kazan) Tatar

Baraba Tatar possesses a number of features that distinguish in from Kazan Tatar:

• Change of /tʃ/ to /ts/: tʃætʃ → tsæts "hair"
• Devoicing of initial stops: baʃ → paʃ "head"
• Devoicing of final /z/ to /s/: sez → sis "you (plural)"
• Lack of sound changes /e/ ↔ /i/ and /o/ ↔ /u/: jort → jurt "home", kil- → kel- "come"

[edit] Sounds

[edit] Consonants

The consonants of Baraba

	Labial	Dental	Palatal	Velar	Uvular	Glottal
Stop	p b	t d		k ɡ	q
Affricate		ʦ	ʧ
Fricative	(f) (v)	s (z)	ʃ (ʒ)	x ɣ		h
Nasal	m	n		ŋ
Lateral Glide		l
Trill		r
Semivowel	w ɥ		j

• Sounds in paretheses appear only in loan words.
• The sounds [ʦ] and [ʧ] appear in free variation. The replacement of [ʧ] with [ʦ] is a feature that distinguishes Baraba from Kazan Tatar.^[3]

[edit] Vowels

The vowels of Baraba

	Front	Central	Back
High	i y		ɯ u
Mid	e ø	ë ø̈ ö	o
Low	æ		a

[edit] See also

• Tatars
• Tatar language

v • d • e Altaic languages
Turkic languages • Mongolic languages • Tungusic languages • Buyeo languages* Notes: *A hypothetical language family that includes Korean and the Japonic languages.

v • d • e Turkic languages
Bulgar	Bulgar*† | Chuvash | Hunnic*† | Khazar†
Uyghur	Old Turkic† | Aini²| Chagatay† | Ili Turki | Lop | Uyghur | Uzbek
Kypchak	Baraba | Bashkir | Crimean Tatar¹ | Cuman† | Karachay-Balkar | Karaim | Karakalpak | Kazakh | Kipchak† | Krymchak | Kumyk | Nogai | Tatar | Urum¹ | Altay | Kyrgyz
Oghuz	Afshar | Azerbaijani | Crimean Tatar¹ | Gagauz | Khorasani Turkish | Ottoman Turkish† | Pecheneg† | Qashqai | Salar | Turkish | Turkmen | Urum¹
Khalaj	Khalaj
Northeastern	Chulym | Dolgan | Fuyü Gïrgïs | Khakas | Northern Altay | Shor | Tofa | Tuvan | Western Yugur | Sakha / Yakut
Notes: ¹Listed in more than one group, ²Mixed language, *Disputed, †Extinct

[edit] References

1. ^ The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire. Retrieved on October 21, 2006.
2. ^ "[1] Ethnologue"
3. ^ Дмитриева, Л. В. (1981). Язык Барабинских Татар (Материалы и Исследования) (in Russian). Leningrad: Академия Наук СССР.