Braintree, Essex

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Braintree

Coordinates: 51.8781° N 0.5495° E
Population	42,393^[1]
OS grid reference	TL730228
District	Braintree
Shire county	Essex
Region	East
Constituent country	England
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	BRAINTREE
Postcode district	CM7, CM77
Dial code	01376
Police	Essex
Fire	Essex
Ambulance	East of England
UK Parliament	Braintree
European Parliament	East of England
List of places: UK • England • Essex

Braintree is a town of about 42,393 people and the principal settlement of the Braintree district of Essex in the East of England.

It is located at the junction of two Roman roads: one coming from the county town of Chelmsford, about ten miles or so to the south-west, and the other (known as Stane Street) running westwards to Great Dunmow, and eastwards to Colchester. Stane Street was a main road (the A120) until the bypass system was built in the late 20th century.

In fact, there are two contiguous towns here: Braintree proper lies to the south of Stane Street, and Bocking lies to the north. The two together can be referred to as "Braintree and Bocking", although most people just lump them together as "Braintree".

Braintree has two railway stations, Braintree and Braintree Freeport next to the Freeport shopping area. Trains depart from Braintree station to Witham, where the Braintree branch line joins the Great Eastern Main Line to London Liverpool Street. Service frequency is approximately once an hour during the daytime. Nowadays the track terminates at Braintree. However, it used to continue westwards, through the village of Rayne, to Great Dunmow, but this section of the route has been disused for decades.

Braintree is twinned with the French town of Pierrefitte-sur-Seine.

The town of Braintree, Massachusetts, United States, was named after Braintree, Essex in 1640.

1 Physical geography
2 Entertainment in Braintree
3 Freeport
4 Newspapers
5 Braintee and Bocking Carnival
6 Neighbouring villages
7 Notable people from the area
8 Source Materials on Bocking
9 External links

[edit] Physical geography

Braintree lies about 50 metres above sea level [1]. Essex is rather flat on the whole, and the Braintree area is no exception; however, there is a general downward trend in the height of the ground from the northwest towards the coast to the southeast. Two rivers flow through Braintree in this direction. Pod's Brook approaches the western side of the town, forming a natural boundary between Braintree and the neighbouring village of Rayne about two miles (three kilometres) to the west. Pod's Brook becomes the River Brain as it passes under the Roman road, before running through the southern part of Braintree. The River Pant (or Blackwater) runs roughly parallel to it, through the north of Bocking, and away to the east of the town. The Brain eventually flows into the Blackwater several miles away, near Witham.

[edit] Entertainment in Braintree

Braintree has its own museum, which contains displays relating to the history of the town. There is a cinema on the outskirts of the town. Opposite the cinema there is also a bowling alley and various restaurants. There are two nightclubs in the town centre, together with numerous public houses and bars.

[edit] Freeport

Freeport is a shopping area on the outskirts of Braintree, described as a "designer outlet village". It has roughly 80 shops where designer brands sell surplus stock for lower than normal prices. Freeport also has its own railway station, namely Braintree Freeport station, which is the second stop on the journey from Braintree to London Liverpool Street.

[edit] Newspapers

Braintree's local newspapers are the Braintree and Witham Times and the Essex Chronicle.

[edit] Braintee and Bocking Carnival

Each year in June the annual Carnival takes place. The event starts with a procession of floats through the town centre finishing at Meadowside. Events including a fair and sideshows continue throughout the afternoon at Meadowside until around 10pm.

[edit] Neighbouring villages

Villages in the Braintree area include Black Notley, White Notley, Great Notley Garden Village (a recent construction), Cressing, Felsted, Rayne and Panfield.

[edit] Notable people from the area

Malcolm McFee, (1949-2001), British Actor born in Forest Gate, Newham, played Peter Craven in Please Sir! 1968-1971 & 'The Fenn Street Gang' 1972-1973
Lawrence D Hills originally founded the Henry Doubleday Research Association headquarters and test site at Bocking, and also developed the Bocking 14 strain of comfrey, which has properties of particular interest to organic gardeners.
The naturalist John Ray (1627 - 1705), born in nearby Black Notley, is perhaps the most talked about local person, among historians.
The Courtauld family were one of the most prominent families of Braintree and Bocking during the 19th century. Their highly successful silk business made them very rich, and provided much employment in the area.
Sir Evelyn Wood, (1838 – 1919), British Field marshal, Victoria Cross recipient.
Katherine Parnell, younger sister of Sir Evelyn Wood, and wife and downfall of Irish Nationalist leader, Charles Parnell.
Juan Chapela, Puerto Rican revolutionary made a passing visit during the mid-1980s commenting that "If this is capitalism, I don't like it."
The Prodigy, a famous dance music group, are probably Braintree's best known export in recent years. The band's leader Liam Howlett was the cause of much indignation among some residents when he criticised the town in an interview for the music magazine Q. He reportedly used "an abusive term" (see [2]). He and fellow band member Keith Flint moved out of the town around 1998, to live in seclusion in a small village five or six miles to the west.
Avant-Garde / experimental composer & musician Barry Douglas Lamb,lived in Braintree following the demise of the insane picnic from 1989 - 1993. Although this appears to have been a period of very little musical output on his part, there is an unofficial recording from the period called "Braintree - the concubine harvester".
Steve Harley, singer/composer and founder of Cockney Rebel, lived in Bradford Street, Braintree, from 1969 to 1971. He worked as a reporter for the Braintree and Witham Times under his real name Stephen Nice. The novelist Jay Merrick, author of The Horse Latitudes, worked on the newspaper at the same time under his real name John Thompson.

[edit] Source Materials on Bocking

Hoffman, Ann. (1976) Bocking Deanery: The Story of an Essex Pculiar.

H. G. Wells, in his What Is Coming? A European Forecast (1916), in the fourth chapter, "Braintree, Bocking, and the Future of the World," uses the differences between Bocking and Braintree, divided, he says, by a single road, to explain the difficulties he expects in establishing World Peace through a World State.

“

If the curious enquirer will take pick and shovel he will find at any rate one corresponding dualism below the surface. He will find a Brocking water man supplying the houses on the north side and a Braintree water main supplying the south. I rather suspect that the drains are also in duplicate. The total population of Bocking and Braintree is probably little more than thirteen thousand souls altogether, but for that there are two water supplies, two sets of schools, two administrations. To the passing observer the rurality of the Bocking side is indistinguishable from the urbanity of the Braintree side; it is just a little muddier.

”

Efficiency, perhaps the supreme virtue for Wells (and others in the Fabian Society), meant someone in authority preventing waste and inefficiency at every level from water mains to wars. The difficulty of establishing it at the local level was a reflection of the difficulty of establishing it at the global level. In that same chapter he mentions his friend but ideological foe, G. K. Chesterton, who would have been delighted by those same local differences (particularly if it included the beer in the pubs) and whose 1904 novel, The Napoleon of Notting Hill, praises them. Wells wanted to end war by establishing an authority that could ban any difference between people that might lead to disagreements and perhaps war. Chesterton wanted to reduce the likelihood of war by reminding people that a healthy love for your country meant respecting the love others have for their country. In the December 31, 1910 issue of Illustrated London News he wrote:

“

You cannot make men enthusiastic for the mere negative idea of peace; it is not an inspiring thing. You might make them enthusiastic for some positive bond or quality that bound them to others and made their enemies their friends. You may get Tommy to love Jimmy; you cannot get Tommy to love the mere fact that he is not quarrelling with Jimmy. So it would be far easier to make an Englishman love Germany than to make him love peace with Germany. Germany is a lovable thing; peace is not. Germany is a positive thing; one can like its beer, admire its music, love its children, with their charming elf-tales and elf-customs, appreciate the beaming ceremony of its manners, and even (with a brave effort), tolerate the sound of its language. But in the mere image of a still and weaponless Europe there is nothing that men will ever love, either as they can love another country or as they can love their own.

”

For Wells, differences between people, particularly those not rooted in technological efficiency, were a cause of war. For Chesterton, differences make us human and the very efforts of a World State to abolish differences between people would lead to civil wars more numerous and worse than our present wars between nations. For both men, Braintree and Brocking were the world in a microcosm.