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British Rail Class 89 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

British Rail Class 89

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Class 89, no. 89001,at Doncaster Works open day on 27th July 2003. This locomotive has now been bought by the AC Locomotive Group.
Class 89, no. 89001,at Doncaster Works open day on 27th July 2003. This locomotive has now been bought by the AC Locomotive Group.

The Class 89 is a prototype design for an electric locomotive. Only one unit was built, no. 89001, which was officially named Avocet by the then Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher. It was built in 1986, by Brush Traction at Loughborough, and was used on test-trains on the East Coast Main Line. It was fitted with advanced power control systems and develops over 6,000 bhp (4,500 kW). It was given the nickname "Badger" owing to its sloping front-ends.

It was designed by Brush to meet a requirements specification issued by British Rail, which subsequently changed the requirements, but not before Brush had already committed to build the prototype locomotive. It was initially delivered in the old-style Intercity Livery, with no British Rail double arrows, but these were added later when British Rail bought the locomotive from Brush. As the development of the ECML Electrification continued the engine was painted into the new style "Intercity Swallow" livery and named Avocet.

The locomotive uses six DC traction motors. The main armature current for all the motors is fed from a common thyristor drive, whilst each motor has an independent field current controller. The field current controllers comprised a two quadrant chopper inside a thyristor bridge. The bipolar transistor based choppers provides a fast fine control of motor torque for electric braking and slip control, whilst the thyristor bridge is used to invert the field current polarity.

During the early summer of 1988 the International Traffic and Transport Exhibition is held in Hamburg, Germany. British Rail was asked to participate and sent a representative train of rolling stock to the exhibition. On 22 May 1988 Avocet along with a class 90, class 91 and a two car class 150/2 unit left England in a special train for Hamburg, returning on June 17.

After being used as a test bed, the locomotive was used on passenger trains from London King's Cross to Leeds. It was hoped that the class 89 design would be used for electric locomotives for the Channel Tunnel, and some investigation was undertaken. It was also hoped the class 89 would be a viable class 86 replacement, which ultimately went to the class 90. All hope and opportunity ended, however, when 89001 suffered a serious failure and was withdrawn from traffic. It was saved for preservation at the Midland Railway Centre by a group of Brush Traction employees. During this time the locomotive appeared at every major British Rail depot open day, in a slowly deteriorating Intercity Swallow livery.

Ultimately only technology and ideas from 89001'’s internal design were used in the Channel Tunnel Shuttle locomotives and some similarity in electronics lives on today in the class 92 locomotive design. When 89001 failed, it was still owned by British Rail, and Brush had no contractual obligation with regard to it. Additionally, having no orders from BR for their design investment, there was little incentive for Brush to construct spare parts for it. BR had written off the locomotive as part of the ECML development and thus it was seen as a surplus and nil value asset. As such the locomotive was sidelined.

Brush did eventually win the contracts to build Channel Tunnel locomotives, and the similarities between these and 89001 enabled suitable spares to be constructed.

In 1996, the InterCity East Coast franchise was won by GNER. Suffering from a motive power shortage, it purchased 89001 and repaired it for use on London to Leeds and Bradford passenger trains, investing £100,000 in an overhaul. It was also re-painted in the GNER blue and red livery. However, in 2001, the locomotive again suffered a major failure and was again withdrawn from traffic. Its future was again in doubt, and it was laid up for a period at Doncaster Works.

In December 2004, the locomotive was moved into the care of The AC Locomotive Group at Barrow Hill Engine Shed for secure storage. With the overhaul of the Class 91 fleet complete, plus the availability of "White Rose" Class 373 trains for lease, 89001 was seen as a one-off asset with little economic value.

The AC Loco Group undertook some remedial repairs to allow the loco to be hauled on the main line, but it was unable to work trains. After visiting the Crewe Great Gathering in September 2005 it then went to Norwich for the Association of Community Rail Partnerships festival. This was the last public outing of the Badger to date.

It is unlikely that 89001 will make a third comeback with on scheduled mainline services.. Newer Class 92 heavy freight locomotives have been available and unused since 1997. Eurostar sets also remain unused.. With 86s retired and the entire fleet of 87s unused, the age of loco-hauled electric passenger locomotive trains appears to have nearly ended.

The locomotive was a well-designed engine, delivered to meet the needs of a 1980s electrified railway. It was delivered too late, and by the time of delivery designs had moved on. Its future opportunities were suppressed by the privatisation of the railways. It was simply in the wrong place at the wrong time, a similar predicament to 71000 Duke of Gloucester in the 1950s. It also pushed the technology boat ahead at the same time as the industry made a shift. It could be argued that 89001 was a failure, but without its construction Brush may not have been able to convince the Channel Tunnel team of the feasibility of its ideas for their locomotives, and the contracts may have been given to Siemens instead. In that sense, in its role of a demonstrator it was a success.

In October 2006 GNER put 89001 up for sale with a six-week deadline for bids. The AC Locomotive Group launched an appeal and fundraising effort to save the locomotive which was ultimately successful, purchasing the locomotive in December 2006. Plans for future restoration and use, along with further fundraising, are expected to be announced soon.

[edit] Principal data

  • Weight: 105 tonnes
  • Minimum radius curve negotiable 80 metres
  • Max. speed: 200 km/h (125 mile/h)
  • Route availability: RA 6
  • Brake force: 50
  • ETH Index: 95
  • Length over buffers: 19800 mm (65 ft)

[edit] Other use of Class 89: Preserved diesel and electric locomotives

The Class 89 series has also been used for preserved diesel and electric locomotives (excluding shunters) registered to run on the mainline. The numbers are allocated in the following way:

  • Third digit: 1-5 representing Types 1-5 (see here for details). Electric locomotives have also been allocated numbers in the 895xx series.
  • Fourth and fifth digits: The last two digits of the locomotive's original number. If this results in a duplication of an existing number, then the number was increased by 1.

So, as an example, the Type 5 locomotive number 55022 would be allocated 89522.

Current List as of June 6, 2006

  • 89100 20050 NRM York
  • 89101 20001 Midland Rail Centre Butterley
  • 89110 20110 South Devon Rail
  • 89127 20227 Midland Rail Centre Butterley
  • 89166 20166 Bodmin & Wenford Railway
  • 89188 20188 Swanage Railway
  • 89200 31018 NRM York
  • 89204 26004 Bo'ness & Kinneil Railway
  • 89210 27056/27112 Severn Valley Railway
  • 89212 L12 London Underground
  • 89223 25173 West Somerset Railway
  • 89233 25283/25904 Dean Forest Railway
  • 89247 27001 Bo'ness & Kinneil Railway
  • 89254 24054 East Lans Rail Bury
  • 89259 25309/25909 Bo'ness & Kinneil Railway
  • 89261 24061 North Yorks Moors Rail
  • 89262 25262/25901 South Devon Railway
  • 89280 31154 North Norfolk Railway
  • 89317 D7017 West Somerset Railway
  • 89376 D7076 East Lans Rail Bury
  • 89400 E27000 Midland Railway Butterley
  • 89401 47401 Midland Rail Centre Butterley
  • 89402 50002 South Devon Railway
  • 89404 44004 Midland Rail Centre Butterley
  • 89405 47105 Great Central Railway
  • 89407 50007 Midland Rail Centre Butterley
  • 89408 50008 Crewe LNWR
  • 89412 40012 Midland Rail Centre Butterley
  • 89413 D1013 Severn Valley Railway
  • 89415 50015 ELR Bury
  • 89416 D1015 Kidderminwaster
  • 89417 50017 Tyseley
  • 89420 45108 LNWR Crewe
  • 89421 D821 Severn Valley Railway
  • 89421 50021 Tyseley
  • 89423 45125 D123 Great Central Railway
  • 89424 D1023 NRM York
  • 89427 50027 NYMR
  • 89431 50031 Severn Valley Railway
  • 89432 D838 East Lans Rail Bury
  • 89435 40135 ELR Bury
  • 89440 45133 Midland Rail Centre Butterley
  • 89441 D1041 ELR Bury
  • 89442 47192 Churnet Valley Railway
  • 89443 50042 Bodmin & Wenford Railway
  • 89444 50044 Severn Valley Railway
  • 89445 40145 MAIN LINE VEHICLE ( Since reverted to 40145 )
  • 89449 50049 Severn Valley Railway
  • 89453 45041 Midland Rail Centre Butterley
  • 89460 45060 Barrow Hill
  • 89462 D1062 Severn Valley Railway
  • 89466 47449 Llangollen Railway
  • 89472 46035 LNWR Crewe
  • 89500 55022 Barrow Hill
  • 89509 55009 Barrow Hill
  • 89515 55015 Barrow Hill
  • 89516 55016 Tyseley
  • 89519 55019 Barrow Hill
  • 89520 55002 NRM York
  • 89523 DELTIC NRM Shildon

[edit] External links

  • Information and pictures of the locomotive in UK and Germany[1][2][3][4]


British Rail non-steam locomotives
Diesel locomotives - Electric locomotives - Miscellaneous locomotives
Diesel multiple units
(DMUs and DEMUs) - Electric multiple units (EMUs) - Departmental multiple units
Diesel shunting locomotives
Classes: 01 - 01/5 - 02 - 03 - 04 - 05 - 06 - 07 - 08 - 09 - 10 - 11 - 12 - 13 - 14
Pre-TOPS type: D1/1 - D1/2 - D1/3 - D1/4 - D2/1 - D2/2 - D2/3 - D2/4 - D2/5 - D2/6 - D2/7 - D2/8 - D2/9 -
D2/10 - D2/11 - D2/12 - D3/1 - D3/2 - D3/3 - D3/4 - D3/5 - D3/6 - D3/7 - D3/8 - D3/9 -
D3/10 - D3/11 - D3/12 - D3/13 - D3/14
Pre-1955 type: 11001 - 11104 - 15107 - 13000
Main-line diesel locomotives
Classes: 15 - 16 - 17 - 20 - 21 - 21 (Vossloh) - 22 - 23 - 24 - 25 - 26 - 27 - 28 - 29 - 30 - 31 - 33 - 35 -
37 - 40 - 41 (Warship Class) - 41 (HST) - 42 - 43 (Warship Class) - 43 (HST) - 44 - 45 - 46
47 - 48 - 50 - 52 - 53 - 55 - 56 - 57 - 58 - 59 - 60 - 66 - 67
Pre-TOPS type: D8/1 - D8/2 - D10/1 - D10/2 - D10/3 - D11/1 - D11/2 - D11/3 - D11/4 - D11/5 - D12/1 -
D12/2 - D12/3 - D13/1 - D14/1 - D14/2 - D15/1 - D15/2 - D16/1 - D16/2 - D17/1 - D17/2 -
D20/1 - D20/2 - D22/1 - D22/2 - D23/1 - D25/1 - D27/1 - D33/1 - KA - KB
Pre-1955 type: 10000-10001 - 10100 - 10201-10203 - 10800
Electric locomotives
Classes: 70 - 71 - 73 - 74 - 76 - 77 - 80 - 81 - 82 - 83 - 84 - 85 - 86 - 87 - 89 - 90 - 91 - 92
Pre-TOPS type: AL1 - AL2 - AL3 - AL4 - AL5 - AL6 - EB1 - EE1 - EM1 - EM2 - ES1 - HA - HB - JA - JB
Other locomotives
Departmental: 97 - 97/6 - Eastern - Southern - Other Series
Other: 98 - 99 - 15097-15099 - 18000 - 18100
Demonstrators: D0226/D0227 - D0260 - D0280 - D9998 - DHP1 - DP1 - DP2 - GT3 - HS4000 - Janus/Taurus

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