Bufo

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True Toads

Monte Verde Toad (Bufo periglenes)

Scientific classification

Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Amphibia
Order:	Anura
Family:	Bufonidae
Genus:	Bufo Laurenti, 1768

Species

See text.

Bufo is a large genus of more than 250 species of true toads in the amphibian family Bufonidae.

1 Description
2 Psychoactive Properties
3 Groups
4 Species
5 References
6 External links

[edit] Description

This is a truly cosmopolitan genus, able to live under adverse conditions. However, they do not occur in the Arctic regions, Australia, (with the exception of the introduced Cane Toad (Bufo marinus)), New Guinea and the neighbouring islands.

They have in common a stocky figure and short legs, which makes them poor jumpers. As with all members of the toad family Bufonidae, they lack a tail, they lack teeth and they have horizontal pupils. Their dry skin is thick and warty.

Behind their eyes, Bufo species have a wartlike structure, the parotoid glands. These glands distinguish the true toads from all other tailless amphibians. They secrete a fat, white poisonous substance which acts as a deterrent to predators. Ordinary handling of toads is not dangerous (and it certainly does not cause warts!). The venom of most if not all toads contains bufotoxin; the venom of the Sonoran Desert Toad, Bufo alvarius, is a potent hallucinogen containing 5-MeO-DMT and bufotenin. The venom's psychoactive effects is said to have been known to Precolumbian Native Americans.

Toads can also inflate their bodies when threatened. Males are usually smaller than females. Male toads also possess the organ of Bidder, an incomplete ovary. The adult males of many species show a dark throat.

Two species are found in the British Isles: the Common Toad (Bufo bufo), and the Natterjack Toad, (Bufo calamita). The former is found almost everywhere. The Natterjack, which differs in its shorter limbs with nearly free toes (which are so short that the toad never hops but proceeds in a running gait) and in usually possessing orange/red warts, green eyes & a pale yellow line along the middle of the back, is local in England, the south-west of Scotland, and the west of Ireland. It is further remarkable for the very loud croak of the males, produced by a large vocal bladder on the throat which, when inflated, is larger than the head.

[edit] Psychoactive Properties

There are several species of toads which produce venom that has psychoactive properties. The venom of one species (Bufo alvarius) contains both 5-MeO-DMT and bufotenin, while several others contain only bufotenin. The psychoactivity of 5-MeO-DMT is clearly established and more data is coming to light which suggests that bufotenin is equally psychoactive (both smoked and oral) although somewhat less potent [Ott, 2000]. While dried toad skins are sold by some vendors, there is little benefit to this method as toad venom can be collected without harming the toad 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine or N,N-dimethylserotonin.

[edit] Groups

Species in this genus can be quite different, which has led to a recent recommendation in the Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History to split the genus. Under the proposal, North and South American Bufo species would be moved to their own genus, Anaxyrus.^[1] For the moment, though, the relationships between the different species are tentatively formalized by categorizing them into groups:

Bufo americanus group
Bufo angusticeps group
Bufo arabicus group
Bufo asper group
Bufo blanfordi group
Bufo bufo group
Bufo debilis group.
Bufo granulosus group
Bufo margaritifer group
Bufo nesiotes, Bufo hypomelas, and the Bufo guttatus group might warrant generic recognition.
Bufo peltocephalus group (former Peltophryne).
Bufo punctatus group (including the Bufo debilis group).
Bufo regularis group
Bufo scaber group
Bufo stomaticus group
Bufo taitanus complex may be paraphyletic with respect to Didynamipus; no unambiguous evidence of monophyly supports this taxon.
Bufo tuberosus group.
Bufo valliceps group.
Bufo veraguensis group.
Bufo vertebralis group
Bufo viridis group.

Colorado River Toad (Bufo alvarius)

[edit] Species

Bufo achalensis Cei, 1972 : Cordoba Toad - Previously confused with Bufo spinulosus
Bufo achavali Maneyro, Arrieta and de Sa, 2004
Bufo acutirostris Spix, 1824
Bufo ailaoanus Kou, 1984 : Ejia Toad, Ailao Toad
Bufo alatus Thominot, 1884 - Possibly synonym of Bufo acutirostris
Bufo alvarius Girard in Baird, 1859 : Colorado River Toad, Sonoran Desert Toad, Girard's Toad
Bufo amabilis Pramuk and Kadivar, 2003
Bufo amatolicus Hewitt, 1925 : Amatola Toad
Bufo amboroensis Harvey and Smith, 1993 : Cochabamba Toad
Bufo americanus Holbrook, 1836 : American Toad - There is introgressive hybridization, along species boundaries. The status of the subspecies is still in doubt.
- Bufo americanus americanus Holbrook, 1836 : Eastern American Toad
- Bufo americanus charlesmithi Bragg, 1954 : Dwarf American Toad

American Toad (Bufo americanus)

Bufo amieti Tandy and Perret, 2000
Bufo anderssoni Melin, 1941 : Andersson's Toad
Bufo andrewsi Schmidt, 1925 : Andrew's Toad, West China Toad
Bufo angusticeps Smith, 1848 : Sand Toad, Common Cape Toad, Narrow-headed Toad
Bufo arabicus heyden, 1827 : Arabian Toad
Bufo arborescandens Duellman and Schulte, 1992 : Mendoza Pass Toad
Bufo arenarum Hensel, 1867 : Argentine Toad
Bufo arequipensis Vellard, 1959 : Rio Chili Toad
Bufo arunco Molina, 1782 : Concepcion Toad
Bufo asmarae Tandy, Bogart, Largen, and Feener, 1982 : Asmara Toad
Bufo asper Gravenhorst, 1829 : Java Toad, Malayan Giant Toad, Rough Toad, River Toad, Giant Asiatic Toad, Barking Toad
Bufo aspinius (Yang, Liu, and Rao, 1996)
Bufo atacamensis Cei, 1962 : Vallenar Toad, Atacama Toad
Bufo atukoralei Bogert and Senanayake, 1966 : Yala Toad, Atukorale's Dwarf Toad
Bufo bankorensis Barbour, 1908 : Central Formosa Toad, Bankor Toad
Bufo baxteri Porter, 1968 : Wyoming Toad, Baxter's Toad - This species used to be a subspecies of Bufo hemiophrys, other still consider it to be the subspecies Bufo americanus hemiophrys.
Bufo beddomii Günther, 1876 : Beddome's Toad
Bufo beebei Gallardo, 1965 : Rivero's Toad
Bufo beiranus Loveridge, 1932 : Beira's Toad
Bufo bergi Céspedez, 2000
Bufo biporcatus Gravenhorst, 1829 : Indonesian Toad, Philippine Toad, Crested Toad
Bufo blanfordii Boulenger, 1882 : Blanford's Toad
Bufo blombergi Myers and Funkhouser, 1951 : Colombian Giant Toad, Blomberg's Toad
Bufo bocourti Brocchi, 1877 : Bocourt's Toad
Bufo boreas Baird and Girard, 1852 : Western Toad, Boreal Toad - The geographic variation within this species needs more study. It may mask a number of cryptic species.
- Bufo boreas boreas Baird and Girard, 1852 : Boreal Toad
- Bufo boreas halophilus Baird and Girard, 1853 : California Toad
- Bufo boreas nelsoni Stejneger, 1893 : Amargosa Toad

Western Toad (Bufo boreas)

Bufo brauni Nieden, 1911 : Braun's Toad, Dead-leaf Toad
Bufo brevirostris Rao, 1937 : Kempholey Toad, Short-nosed Toad, Rao's Pale Brown Toad
Bufo brongersmai Hoogmoed, 1972 : Tiznit Toad
Bufo buchneri Peters, 1882 : Buchner's Toad
Bufo bufo Linnaeus, 1758 : Common Toad, Common European Toad
Bufo burmanus Andersson, 1939 : Burma Toad
Bufo caeruleostictus Günther, 1859
Bufo calamita Laurenti, 1768 : British Toad, Natterjack Toad
Bufo californicus Camp, 1915 : Arroyo Toad, Mexican Arroyo Toad - Sometimes regarded as Bufo microscaphus californicus

Arroyo Toad (Bufo californicus)

Bufo camerunensis Parker, 1936 : Oban Toad
Bufo campbelli Mendelson, 1994 : Campbell's Forest Toad, Campbell's Rainforest Toad
Bufo canaliferus Cope, 1877 : Dwarf Toad
Bufo canorus Camp, 1916 : Yosemite Toad
Bufo castaneoticus Caldwell, 1991 : Para Toad
Bufo cataulaciceps Schwartz, 1959 : Schwartz's Caribbean Toad
Bufo cavifrons Firschein, 1950 : Mountain Toad
Bufo celebensis Günther, 1859 : Celebes Toad
Bufo ceratophys Boulenger, 1882 : Horned Toad
Bufo chavin Lehr, Köhler, Aguilar, and Ponce, 2001
Bufo chudeaui Chabanaud, 1919 : Bata Marsh Toad
Bufo claviger Peters, 1863 : Benkulen Toad
Bufo coccifer Cope, 1866 : Southern Roundgland Toad
Bufo cognatus Say, 1823 : Great Plains Toad

Great Plains Toad (Bufo cognatus)

Bufo compactilis Wiegmann, 1833 : Plateau Toad, Texas Toad
Bufo coniferus Cope, 1862 : Evergreen Toad
Bufo cophotis Boulenger, 1900 : Paramo Toad
Bufo corynetes Duellman and Ochoa-M., 1991 : Abra Malaga Toad
Bufo cristatus Wiegmann, 1833 : Large-crested Toad
Bufo cristiglansInger and Menzies, 1961 : Tingi Hills Toad
Bufo cristinae Vélez-Rodriguez and Ruiz-Carranza, 2002
Bufo crocus Wogan, Win, Thin, Lwin, Shein, Kyi, and Tun, 2003
Bufo crucifer Wied-Neuwied, 1821 : Striped Toad
Bufo cryptotympanicus Liu and Hu, 1962 : Earless Toad
Bufo cyphosus Ye, 1977 : Projective-occiputed Toad
Bufo damaranus Mertens, 1954
Bufo danielae Perret, 1977 : Ivory Coast Toad
Bufo dapsilis Myers and Carvalho, 1945 : Bom Jardim Toad
Bufo debilis Girard, 1854 : Green Toad
- Bufo debilis debilis Girard, 1854 : Eastern Green Toad
- Bufo debilis insidior Girard, 1854 : Western Green Toad

Western Green Toad (Bufo debilis insidior)

Bufo dhufarensis Parker, 1931 : Oman Toad - very similar to Bufo scorteccii
Bufo diptychus Cope, 1862 : Cope's Toad
Bufo divergens Peters, 1871
Bufo djohongensis Hulselmans, 1977
Bufo dodsoni Boulenger, 1895 : Dodson's Toad
Bufo dombensis Bocage, 1895 : Dombe Toad
Bufo dorbignyi Duméril and Bibron, 1841 : Dorbigny's Toad
Bufo empusus (Cope, 1862) : Cope's Caribbean Toad, Cuban Toad
Bufo exsul Myers, 1942 : Black Toad, Inyo Toad, Deep Springs Toad
Bufo fastidiosus (Cope, 1875) : Pico Blanco Toad
Bufo fenoulheti Hewitt and Methuen, 1912 : Newington Toad, Fenoulhet's Toad, Transvaal Dwarf Toad
Bufo fernandezae Gallardo, 1957 : Bella Vista Toad
Bufo fissipes Boulenger, 1903 : Carabaya Toad
Bufo fluviaticus Schwartz, 1972 : Dominican Caribbean Toad
Bufo fowleri Hinckley, 1882 : Fowler's Toad - There is still some discussion about the validity of this genus.
Bufo fractus Schwartz, 1972
Bufo fuliginatus Witte, 1932 : Shaba Province Toad, Sooty Toad
Bufo funereus Bocage, 1866 : Angola Toad, Somber Toad
Bufo fustiger Schwartz, 1960 :
Bufo galeatus Günther, 1864 : Gamboja Toad, Bony-headed Toad
Bufo gallardoi Carrizo, 1992 : Gallardo's Toad
Bufo gargarizans Cantor, 1842 : Chusan Island Toad, Asiatic Toad
Bufo gariepensis Smith, 1848 : Karroo Toad, Gariep Toad
Bufo garmani Meek, 1897 : Garman's Toad, Olive Toad, Northern Mottled Toad
Bufo gemmifer Taylor, 1940 : Jeweled Toad
Bufo glaberrimus Günther, 1869 : Cundinamarca Toad
Bufo gnustae Gallardo, 1967 : Rio Grande Toad - Poorly known
Bufo gracilipes Boulenger, 1899 : French Congo Toad
Bufo grandisonae Poynton and Haacke, 1993 : Mossamedes Toad, Grandison's Toad
Bufo granulosus Spix, 1824 : Common Lesser Toad, Granular Toad
Bufo guentheri Cochran, 1941 : Gunther's Caribbean Toad
Bufo gundlachi Ruibal, 1959 : Gundlach's Caribbean Toad
Bufo guttatus Schneider, 1799 : Spotted Toad, Smooth-sided Toad
Bufo gutturalis Power, 1927 : Lobatsi Toad, Guttural Toad, Square-marked Toad
Bufo haematiticus Cope, 1862 : Truando Toad
Bufo hemiophrys Cope, 1886 : Canadian Toad - See comments under Bufo baxteri.
Bufo himalayanus Günther, 1864 : Himalaya Toad, Himalayan Broad-skulled Toad
Bufo hoeschi Ahl, 1934 : Okahandja Toad, Hoesch's Toad
Bufo holdridgei Taylor, 1952 : Holdridge's Toad
Bufo hololius Günther, 1876 : Malabar Toad, Gûnther's Toad
Bufo houstonensis Sanders, 1953 : Houston Toad

Houston Toad (Bufo houstonensis)

Bufo hypomelas Boulenger, 1913 : Choco Toad
Bufo ibarrai Stuart, 1954 : Jalapa Toad
Bufo ictericus Spix, 1824 : Yellow Cururu Toad
Bufo inca Stejneger, 1913 : Inca Toad
Bufo intermedius Günther, 1858 : Gunther's Tropical Toad
Bufo inyangae Poynton, 1963 : Inyanga Toad
Bufo iserni (Jiménez de la Espada, 1875) : Rio Perene Toad
Bufo japonicus Temminck and Schlegel, 1838 : Japanese Toad
- Bufo japonicus formosus Matsui, 1984 : Eastern Japanese Common Toad - validity in doubt
- Bufo japonicus hokkaidoensis Kawamura, Nishioka and Ueda, 1980 - validity in doubt
- Bufo japonicus japonicus Matsui, 1984 : Western Japanese Common Toad
- Bufo japonicus montanus Kawamura, Nishioka and Ueda, 1980
- Bufo japonicus yakushimensis Kawamura, Nishioka and Ueda, 1980
Bufo jimi Stevaux, 2002
Bufo justinianoi Harvey and Smith, 1994 : El Chape Toad
Bufo juxtasper Inger, 1964 : Sungei Tawan Toad, Giant River Toad
Bufo kabischi Herrmann and Kühnel, 1997
Bufo kassasii Baha El Din, 1993 : Damietta Toad
Bufo kavangensis Poynton and Broadley, 1988 : Khwai River Toad, Kavanga Toad, Kavango Toad
Bufo kelloggi Taylor, 1938 : Little Mexican Toad
Bufo kerinyagae Keith, 1968 : Keith's Toad
Bufo kisoloensis Loveridge, 1932 : Kisolo Toad
Bufo kotagamai Fernando and Dayawansa, 1994 : Kotagama's Dwarf Toad
Bufo koynayensis Soman, 1963 : Humbali Village Toad, Koyna Toad, Chrome-yellow Toad
Bufo kumquat Das and Lim, 2001
Bufo langanoensis Largen, Tandy, and Tandy, 1978 : Lake Langano Toad
Bufo latastii Boulenger, 1882 : Ladakh Toad, Lataste's Toad, Vertebral-banded Toad
Bufo latifrons Boulenger, 1900 : High Tropical Forest Toad
Bufo lemairii Boulenger, 1901 : Pweto Toad, Lemaire's Toad, Yellow Swamp Toad
Bufo lemur (Cope, 1869) : Lowland Caribbean Toad, Puerto Rican Crested Toad
Bufo leucomyos McCranie and Wilson, 2000
Bufo limensis Werner, 1901 : Peru Coast Toad
Bufo lindneri Mertens, 1955 : Dar-es-Salaam Toad, Lindner's Toad
Bufo longinasus Stejneger, 1905 : Stejneger's Caribbean Toad
Bufo lonnbergi Andersson, 1911 : Lonberg's Toad
Bufo luetkenii Boulenger, 1891 : Yellow Toad
Bufo lughenisis Loveridge, 1932 : Lugh Toad
Bufo luristanicus Schmidt, 1952
Bufo macrocristatus Firschein and Smith, 1957 : Large-crested Toad
Bufo macrotis Boulenger, 1887 : Big-eared Toad
Bufo maculatus Hallowell, 1854 : Hallowell's Toad, Flat-backed Toad, Striped Toad
Bufo margaritifer (Laurenti, 1768) : South American Common Toad, Mitred Toad
Bufo marinus (Linnaeus, 1758) : Marine Toad, Cane Toad, Giant Toad - No subspecies currently defined, but possible.

Marine Toad (Bufo marinus)

Bufo marmoreus Wiegmann, 1833 : Marbled Toad, Wiegmann's Toad
Bufo mauritanicus Schlegel, 1841 : Berber Toad, Pantherine Toad, Moroccan Toad
Bufo mazatlanensis Taylor, 1940 : Sinaloa Toad
Bufo melanochlorus Cope, 1877 : Dark Green Toad
Bufo melanopleura Schmidt and Inger, 1959 : Kankunde Toad, Dark-sided Toad
Bufo melanostictus Schneider, 1799 : Southeast Asian Toad, Asiatic Toad, House Toad, Black-spectacled Toad, Black-spined Toad, Common Indian Toad
- Bufo melanostictus hazarensis Khan, 2002 : Hazara Toad
Bufo mexicanus Brocchi, 1879 : Mexican Spadefoot Toad
Bufo microscaphus Cope, 1867 : Arizona Toad, Fort Mojave Toad, Southwestern Toad - This species formerly included as subspecies the species Bufo californicus and Bufo mexicanus.
Bufo microtympanum Boulenger, 1882 : Small-eared Toad, Southern Hill Toad
Bufo minshanicus Stejneger, 1926 : Gansu Toad, Minshan Toad
Bufo mocquardi Angel, 1924
Bufo multiverrucosus
Bufo nasicus Werner, 1903 : Werner's Toad
Bufo nebulifer Girard, 1843 : Gulf Coast Toad - Used to be the northern subspecies of Bufo valliceps.
Bufo nelsoni Stejneger, 1893 : Amargosa Toad
Bufo nesiotes Duellman and Toft, 1979 : Laguna Toad - may not be a Bufo
Bufo noellerti Manamendra-Arachchi and Pethiyagoda, 1998
Bufo nyikae Loveridge, 1953 : Nyika Dwarf Toad
Bufo oblongus Nikolskii, 1896 : Danatea Toad, Middle Asiatic Toad
Bufo occidentalis Camerano, 1879 : Pine Toad
Bufo ocellatus Günther, 1858 : Ocellated Toad
Bufo olivaceus Blanford, 1874 : Olive Toad, Baluchistan Coastal Toad, Makran Toad
Bufo pageoti Bourret, 1937 : Tonkin Toad
Bufo pantherinus Smith, 1828 : Panther Toad, Southern Panther Toad
Bufo pardalis Hewitt, 1935 : Gleniffer Toad, Leopard Toad, August Toad, Snoring Toad
Bufo parietalis Boulenger, 1882 : Indian Toad, Ridged Toad, Timber Forest Toad
Bufo parkeri Loveridge, 1932 : Parker's Toad
Bufo parvus Boulenger, 1887 : Lesser Malacca Toad, Straight-ridge Toad, Red Small Toad, Keel-headed Toad
Bufo peltocephalus Tschudi, 1838 : Tschudi's Caribbean Toad, Cuban Toad
Bufo pentoni Anderson, 1893 : Shaata Gardens Toad, Penton's Toad
Bufo periglenes Savage, 1967 : Alajuela Toad, Golden Toad, Monte Verde Toad
Bufo peripatetes Savage, 1972 : Almirante Trail Toad
Bufo perplexus Taylor, 1943 : Confusing Toad
Bufo perreti Schiøtz, 1963 : Perret's Toad
Bufo pewzowi Bedriaga, 1898 :
Bufo philippinicus Boulenger, 1887 :
Bufo poeppigii Tschudi, 1845 : Gray Toad
Bufo poweri v : Kimberley Toad, Power's Toad
Bufo proboscideus (Spix, 1824)
Bufo pseudoraddei Mertens, 1971 : Swat Green Toad
- Bufo pseudoraddei baturae Stöck, Schmid, Steinlein, and Grosse, 1999 : Batura Toad
- Bufo pseudoraddei pseudoraddei Stöck, Schmid, Steinlein, and Grosse, 1999 : Swat Green Toad
Bufo punctatus Baird and Girard, 1852 : Baird's Spotted Toad, Red-spotted Toad - This species may be a composite of different species.

Red-spotted Toad (Bufo punctatus)

Bufo pygmaeus Myers and Carvalho, 1952 : Rio Parahyba Toad
Bufo quadriporcatus Boulenger, 1887 : Greater Malacca Toad, Four-ridged Toad
Bufo quechua Gallardo, 1961 : Incachaca Toad
Bufo quercicus Holbrook, 1840 : Oak Toad
Bufo raddei Strauch, 1876 : Tengger Desert Toad, Mongolian Toad, Piebald Toad, Radde's Toad
Bufo rangeri Hewitt, 1935 : Kei Road Toad, Ranger's Toad, Raucous Toad
Bufo reesi Poynton, 1977 : Merera Toad
Bufo regularis Reuss, 1833 : Square-marked Toad, African Toad
Bufo retiformis Sanders and Smith, 1951 : Sonoran Green Toad
Bufo robinsoni Branch and Braacke, 1996 : Paradise Toad
Bufo roqueanus Melin, 1941
Bufo rubescens Lutz, 1925 : Rusty Toad
Bufo rubropunctatus Guichenot, 1848 : Red-spotted Toad
Bufo rumbolli Carrizo, 1992 : Salta Toad
Bufo scaber Schneider, 1799 : Ferguson’s Toad
Bufo schmidti (Grandison, 1972) : Schmidt's Snouted Frog
Bufo schneideri Werner, 1894 : Schnieder's Toad
Bufo scitulus Caramaschi and Niemeyer, 2003
Bufo sclerocephalus Mijares-Urrutia and Arends-R., 2001
Bufo scorteccii Balletto and Cherchi, 1970 : Scortecci’s Toad
Bufo silentvalleyensis Pillai, 1981 : Silent Valley Toad, South Indian Hill Toad
Bufo simus Schmidt, 1857 : Flatnose Toad
Bufo speciosus Girard, 1854 : Texas Toad, Northern Sonora Toad
Bufo spiculatus Mendelson, 1997
Bufo spinulosus Wiegmann, 1834 : Warty Toad
Bufo stanlaii Lötters and Köhler, 2000
Bufo steindachneri Pfeffer, 1893 : Steindachner’s Toad
Bufo stejnegeri Schmidt, 1931 : Stejneger's Toad, Korean Toad, Water Toad
Bufo sternosignatus Günther, 1858 : Falcon Toad
Bufo stomaticus Lütken, 1864 : Assam Toad, Indus Valley Toad, Marbled Toad
Bufo stuarti Smith, 1929 : Stuart’s Toad
Bufo sumatranus Peters, 1871 : Sumatra Toad
Bufo superciliaris Boulenger, 1888 : Zaire Toad, Cameroon Toad
Bufo surdus Boulenger, 1891 : Pakistan Toad, Iranian Toad, Luristan Toad
Bufo tacanensis Smith, 1952 : Volcan Tacana Toad
Bufo taiensis Rödel and Ernst, 2000
Bufo taitanus Peters, 1878 : Taita Toad, Black-chested Dwarf Toad
Bufo taladai Schwartz, 1960 : Cuban Caribbean Toad
Bufo terrestris (Bonnaterre, 1789) : Southern Toad, Common American Toad - Hybridises with Bufo americanus

Southern Toad (Bufo terrestris)

Bufo tibetanus Zarevskij, 1926 : Tibetan Toad
Bufo tihamicus Balletto and Cherchi, 1973 : Balletto's Toad
Bufo togoensis Ahl, 1924 : Togo Toad
Bufo torrenticola Matsui, 1976 : Honshu Toad, Japanese Stream Toad
Bufo tuberculatus Zarevskij, 1926 : Qinghai Lake Toad, Round-warted Toad
Bufo tuberosus Günther, 1858 : Fernando Po Toad
Bufo turkanae Tandy and Feener, 1985 : Lake Turkana Toad
Bufo tutelarius Mendelson, 1997
Bufo urunguensis Loveridge, 1932 : Urungu Toad
Bufo uzunguensis Loveridge, 1932 : Uzungwe Toad
Bufo valhallae Meade-Waldo, 1909 : Pulo Weh Toad
Bufo valliceps Wiegmann, 1833 : Gulf Coast Toad

Woodhouse's Toad (Bufo woodhousii)

Bufo variegatus (Günther, 1870) : Eden Harbour Toad, Patagonian Toad
Bufo vellardi Leviton and Duellman, 1978 : Alto Maranon Toad
Bufo veraguensis Schmidt, 1857 : Veragua Toad
Bufo verrucosissimus (Pallas, 1814) : Caucasus Toad
Caucasian Toad
Bufo vertebralis Smith, 1848 : African Dwarf Toad, Pygmy Toad
Bufo villiersi Angel, 1940 : Villier's Toad
Bufo viridis Laurenti, 1768 : European Green Toad
Bufo vittatus Boulenger, 1906 : Banded Toad, Degen's Toad
Bufo wolongensis Herrmann and Kühnel, 1997
Bufo woodhousii Girard, 1854 : Woodhouse's Toad
- Bufo woodhousii australis Shannon and Lowe, 1955 : Southwestern Woodhouse's Toad
- Bufo woodhousii woodhousii Girard, 1854 : Rocky Mountain Toad
Bufo xeros Tandy, Tandy, Keith, and Duff-MacKay, 1976 : Subsaharan Toad, Waza Toad, Savannah Toad