Treuzlizherennadur

Diwar Wikipedia, an holloueziadur digor

Ar pennad-mañ n'eo ket peurechu c'hoazh ; ma fell deoc'h labourat warnañ deuit da welout ha lakait hoc'h ali e pajenn ar gaozeadenn.

Transliteration in a narrow sense is a mapping from one system of writing into another. Transliteration attempts to be lossless, so that an informed reader should be able to reconstruct the original spelling of unknown transliterated words. To achieve this objective transliteration may define complex conventions for dealing with letters in a source script which do not correspond with letters in a goal script. Romaji is an example of a transliterating method.

This is opposed to treuzskrivadur, which maps the sounds of one language to the script of another language. Still, most transliterations map the letters of the source script to letters pronounced similarly in the goal script, for some specific pair of source and goal language.

One instance of transliteration is the use of an English computer keyboard to type in a language that uses a different alphabet, such as in Russian. While the first usage of the word implies seeking the best way to render foreign words into a particular language, the typing transliteration is a purely pragmatic process of inputting text in a particular language. Transliteration from English letters is particularly important for users who are only familiar with the English keyboard layout, and hence could not type quickly in a different alphabet even if their software would actually support a keyboard layout for another language. Some programs, such as the Russian language word processor Hieroglyph provide typing by transliteration as an important feature. The rest of the article concerns itself with the first meaning of the word, that is rendering foreign words into a different alphabet.

If the relations between letters and sounds are similar in both languages, a transliteration may be (almost) the same as a transcription. In practice, there are also some mixed transliteration/transcription systems, that transliterate a part of the original script and transcribe the rest.

Taolenn

1 Example to illustrate the difference between transliteration and transcription
2 Issues in transliterating particular languages
3 Gwelet ivez:
4 Transliteration sites

[kemmañ] Example to illustrate the difference between transliteration and transcription

In Modern Greek, the letters <η> <ι> <υ> and the letter combinations <ει> <oι> <υι> are all pronounced [i] (in IPA notation). A transcription consequently renders them all as <i>, but a transliteration still distinguishes them, for example by transliterating to <ē> <i> <y> and <ei> <oi> <yi>. (As the old Greek pronunciation of <η> was [ɛ:], this proposal uses the character appropriate for an Old Greek transliteration or transcription <ē>, an <e> with a macron.) On the other hand, <ευ> is sometimes pronounced [ev] and sometimes [ef], depending on the following sound. A transcription distinguishes them, but this is no requirement for a transliteration.

Greek word	Transliteration	Transcription
Ελληνική Δημοκρατία	Ellēnikē Dēmokratia	Elliniki Dimokratia
Ελευθερία	eleutheria	eleftheria
Ευαγγέλιο	Euaggelio	Evangelio
των υιών	tōn uiōn	ton ion

[kemmañ] Issues in transliterating particular languages

Some languages and scripts present particular difficulties to transcribers. These are discussed on separate pages.

Ancient Near East
- Transliterating cuneiform languages
- Transliteration of ancient Egyptian (see also Egyptian hieroglyphs)
- hieroglyphic Luwian
Avestan
Brahmic family
- Devanagari: see IAST, Harvard-Kyoto, ITRANS
- Pali
- Tocharian
Chinese language
- Pinyin
- Wade-Giles
- Bopomofo
Greek language
- Greek alphabet
- List of Greek words with English derivatives
- Linear B
Japanese language
- Romaji Transliterating Japanese to Latin script
- Transcribing English to Japanese
- Cyrillization of Japanese
Korean Language
- McCune-Reischauer
Semitic languages
- Ugaritic alphabet
- Hebrew alphabet
- Arabic alphabet
Slavic languages written in the Cyrillic or Glagolitic alphabets
- Transliteration of Russian into English
- Romanization of Ukrainian
Thai language
- Royal Thai General System of Transcription