Childcare

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Child Care redirects here. For the United States Department of Agriculture's nutritional program with a similar name, see Child and Adult Care Food Program.

Childcare is the act of caring for and supervising minor children. (In Australia, daycare is referred to as "childcare"—cf.)

It is traditional in western society for children to be looked after by one or both of their parents, but the need for two-job households means that childcare is often delegated, at least part of the time, to childminders or crèches.

Most Western countries also have compulsory education, and during the time the children are at school, the school will act in loco parentis.

Where parents are missing or dead, or unable or unfit to care for children, state agencies such as social services may take on the childcare role.

Wealthy people who prefer the services of professionals may delegate the parental role almost completely to nannies.

However, for many the use of paid childcare is a matter of choice with arguments raging on both sides about whether children suffer or not. There is no doubt that for all children the first few years are vitally important to form a basis for good education, morality, self-discipline and social integration.^{[citation needed]} Consistency of approach, skills and qualifications of careers and ownership have been shown in many studies to improve the chances of a child reaching his or her full potential - for example a recent study in Australia^[1] concluded centres run by corporate chains provided the lowest quality care when compared to community-based providers and independent private centres..

One of the challenges for parents who choose to use childcare is finding qualified providers. Some jurisdictions require licensing or certification. Parents may also turn to independent rating services, or rely on recommendations and referrals.

Many organizations (in the developed world) campaign for free or subsidized childcare for all, others campaign for tax breaks or allowances to allow parents a non-finance driven choice. Many of the free or subsidized childcare programs in the United States are also Child Development programs, or after school programs which hire certified teachers to teach the children while they are in their care. In Australia most child care services are part of the national Quality Assurance system which ensures they provide good developmental programs.

Most countries have laws relating to childcare, which seek to prevent and punish child abuse.

In many societies, the childcare role is taken on by the extended family.

[edit] Notes

1. ^ 2006, Rush, The Australia Institute http://www.tai.org.au/documents/downloads/DP84.pdf

[edit] See Also

• Daycare
• Wood kindergarten
• Care and feeding of an infant

[edit] External links

• Child Care Quality: An Overview for Parents - From the ERIC Clearinghouse on Elementary and Early Childhood Education.
• A Place of our own, TV show site with resources for people who care for children.
• Information and Child Care Courses From National Institute of Childcare and Education, UK. A range of useful information about UN Convention on Rights of the Child; why training is essential in the Child Care environment; and how to check the quality of the childcare your child receives.
• Quality Child Care From University of Florida/IFAS Department of Family, Youth and Community Sciences, Factors in choosing quality child care.
• Better Business Bureau Video Series or free online childcare resources at www.BBBvideo.com
• Child care checklist from Seattle Children's Hospital.
• Child Care Safety,from UF/IFAS Department of Family, Youth and Community Sciences
• Helping Your Child Adjust to Child Care,from UF/IFAS Department of Family, Youth and Community Sciences
• National Association for the Education of Young Children, a national Child Care association in the U.S.
• National Association of Child Care Resource and Referral Agencies, a national non-profit organization working with parents, providers and communities to meet child care needs.
• Child Care Aware , a non-profit initiative, committed to helping parents find the best information on locating quality child care and child care resources in their community.