Christian and Democratic Union – Czechoslovak People's Party
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| Christian and Democratic Union – Czechoslovak People's Party | |
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| Křesťanská a demokratická unie - Československá strana lidová | |
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| Leader | Jiří Čunek |
| Founded | 1919 |
| Headquarters | |
| Political ideology | Christian Democracy Social conservatism / Christian solidarism (historically) |
| International affiliation | {{{international}}} |
| European affiliation | European People's Party |
| European Parliament group | EPP-ED |
| Colour(s) | Blue, Red and White |
| Website | KDU.cz |
| Czech Republic |
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The Christian and Democratic Union – Czechoslovak People's Party (Czech: Křesťanská a demokratická unie – Československá strana lidová or KDU–ČSL, also known under short name lidovci or černoprdelníci in slang) is a Christian democratic political party in the Czech Republic. In the June 2nd and 3rd 2006 elections, the party won 7.2 % of the vote and 13 out of 200 seats, and is currently part of the coalition government.
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[edit] History
Towards the end of the 19th century Roman Catholics in Bohemia and Moravia joined political movements inside Cisleithanian Austria-Hungary. The Christian-Social Party was set up in September 1894 in Litomyšl, and the Catholic National Party in Moravia was set up in September 1896 in Přerov.
Československá strana lidová (ČSL) was created in January 1919 in Prague, reuniting other Catholic parties, and Jan Šrámek was selected as its chairman. In 1921, ČSL entered the government of Czechoslovakia, and was subsequently part of governing coalitions regardless of political changes.
After the occupation of Czechoslovakia by Nazi Germany, Šrámek served as head of Czechoslovak government in exile (in the United Kingdom). After 1945, ČSL was part of the national unity government. When the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia took over all power in February 1948, many ČSL officials were imprisoned. The party lost any real influence and was kept as a de-facto played puppet of communists (see National Front). In turn, it was allowed to keep a token presence of ČSL in government until 1989.
After the Velvet Revolution in 1989 ČSL attempted to shed its compromised figures and policies of the past: this included a change of name in 1992 after the merger with the Christian Democratic Union movement (which was a post-revolution attempt at more modern political Catholicism trying to emulate the German CDU, but lacking the strength of its traditional counterpart). KDU-ČSL was part of the governments of Václav Klaus's Civic Democratic Party (ODS) until its ministers left in autumn 1997 which triggered the government's fall; KDU-ČSL was also represented in the caretaker government of Josef Tošovský before the premature elections in 1998.
[edit] Current situation
KDU–ČSL has relatively low but stable support of voters (6-10%); it is strongest in the traditionally Catholic rural areas in Moravia. Historically, it is a mass party with about 50,000 members (second after the Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia); most of them are of old age, however, and recruitment of new members can't keep the membership numbers from declining. The influence of the party is rather bigger than that, as it tries — so far rather successfully — to take advantage of the fragmented Czech political situation and make itself a necessary part of any coalition, whether the winning big party be left- or right-wing.
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Like other parties in the Czech Republic, KDU–ČSL has not been spared corruption scandals. Most of these are related to the period of the 1990s when it was in charge of the Ministry of Defense.
In June 2002 KDU–ČSL went into the elections on a joint ballot with the Freedom Union–Democratic Union) (US–DEU) as the "Two-Coalition", which was the last remnant of an unsuccessful attempt to unite them with three smaller parties into the "Four-Coalition" which would provide an alternative to the practices of the "opposition agreement" of ODS and Czech Social Democratic Party (ČSSD). However it turned out that the KDU–ČSL's traditional voters identified much more strongly with their original party than the whole, unlike US–DEU's liberal city ones, and using preferential votes on evenly split ballots caused that KDU–ČSL gained 22 MPs to US–DEU's 9 even though both parties were of roughly equal strength. They entered the government again by forming a coalition with the winning Czech Social Democratic Party.
After the 2006 elections the KDU–ČSL formed a government together with the ODS and the Green Party (SZ).
Jiří Čunek is the party leader since December 9, 2006.
[edit] Election results
[edit] Czechoslovak People's Party
- 1920 National Assembly: 11.3 % - 33 seats
- 1925 National Assembly: 9.7 % - 31 seats
- 1929 National Assembly: 8.4 % - 25 seats
- 1935 National Assembly: 7.5 % - 22 seats
- 1946 National Assembly: 15.6% (20.2%) - 46 seats
[edit] since 1990
- 1990 Czech National Council: (Christian and Democratic Union 8.4 % - 20 seats)
- 1992 Czech National Council: 6.3% - 15 seats
- 1996 Chamber of Deputies: 8.1 % - 18 seats
- 1996 Senate: 13 seats (whole Senate elected, only one third in next elections)
- 1998 Chamber of Deputies: 9 % - 20 seats
- 1998 Senate: 5 seats
- 2000 Senate: 8 seats
- 2002 Chamber of Deputies: (in coalition with Freedom Union-Democratic Union 14.3%) - 22 seats
- 2002 Senate: 1 seat
- 2004 Senate: 3 seats
- 2004 European Parliament: 9.6 % - 2 seats
- 2006 Chamber of Deputies: 7.2 % - 13 seats
- 2006 Senate: 4 seats
