Council of Appointment

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From 1777 to 1821, there existed in the state of New York a Council of Appointments. Under the 1777 state constitution, the Council composed of the governor and four senators (one from each of the state's four electorial districts) would have the power to make all appointments authorized by law. The governor was a permanent member of the Council while the four senators were elected each year by the Assembly. Successive elections of senators was strictly prohibited.

The Council of Appointment had its origins in the Revolutionary era fear of a powerful executive. Indeed, it provided a strong legislative voice in government appointments. Early troubles, however, arose because of the lack of clarity in the 1777 New York Constitution over who, exactly, held the power to make appointments (the constitution merely stated the governor would have the "casting voice, but no other vote; and with the advice and consent of the said council"). Despite being in doubt, a custom arose where, the governor asserted his right to make the selections.

Although one could compare this body to the Senate Judiciary Committee, the Council's appointments reached into almost every level of government in the State of New York. For example, the mayor of New York City was appointed by the council well into the 19th century. At the time of the Council's abolishment in 1821, more than fifteen thousand offices were under its control.