Demographics of Hong Kong
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Geography - History - Politics Hong Kong Portal |
Hong Kong is one of the most densely populated areas in the world with an overall density of some 6,300 people per square kilometre. The term "densely populated, green city" is used to describe the majority of the people living in apartments in high-rise buildings, and most land reserved for open spaces, country parks, and woodland.
According to statistics released in 2006, Hong Kong has the world’s lowest birth rate--0.9 per woman of child-bearing age,far below the replacement rate of 2.1. With just 966 babies being born to every 1000 fertile women, it is estimated that 26.8% of the population will be aged 65 or more in 2033, up from 12.1% in 2005.
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[edit] Census data
| Year | Count | Source |
| 1841 | 5000-7,500 | census in 1841[1] |
| 1848 | 24,000 | [1] |
| 1855 | 72,000 | [1] |
| 1862 | 120,000 | |
| 1881 | 160,402 | Britannica 1911 |
| 1891 | 221,441 | Britannica 1911 |
| 1901 | 283,978 | Britannica 1911 |
| 1906 | 326,961 | |
| 1916 | 530,000 | |
| 1921 | 625,166 | [2] |
| 1931 | 849,800 | census 1931 |
| 1945 | 750,000 | |
| 1950 | 2,200,000 | [3] |
| 1960 | 3,000,000 | [4] |
| 1971 | 4,000,000 | [4] |
| 1980 | 5,000,000 | [3] |
| 1985 | 5,500,000 | [3] |
| 1995 | 6,300,000 | [3] |
| 1999 | 6,900,000 | [3] |
| 2003 | 6,900,000 | 2003, UN |
| 2005 | 6,965,900 | census 2005 |
| 2006(mid) | 6,994,500 | census 2006 |
Age structure: (End of 2006 est.) [5]
- 0-14 years: 13.5% (male 482,500; female 452,100)
- 15-24 years: 13.1% (male 445,400; female 459,300)
- 25-34 years: 15.3% (male 462,000; female 592,000)
- 35-44 years: 18.1% (male 547,000; female 698,400)
- 45-54 years: 17.5% (male 594,200; female 613,400)
- 55-64 years: 10.0% (male 353,500; female 337,400)
- 65 and over: 12.5% (male 339,500; female 464,800)
Average age: 34 (2000 est.) Population growth rate: 1.35% (2000 est.)
- Birth rate: 11.29 births/1,000 population (2000 est.)
- Death rate: 5.93 deaths/1,000 population (2000 est.)
- Net migration rate: 8.12 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2000 est.)
Sex ratio:
- at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female
- under 15 years: 1.12 male(s)/female
- 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female
- 65 years and over: 0.84 male(s)/female
- total population: 0.914 male(s)/female (2006 est.)
Average marriage age:
- male: 30
- female: 27
Marriage: (2006 est.)
- Never Married 32% (1,920,522)
- Now married 57.8% (3,423,995)
- Divorced 3.2% (189,563)
- Separated 0.6% (34,722)
Infant mortality rate: 5.93 deaths/1,000 live births (2000 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
- total population: 79.54 years
- male: 76.85 years
- female: 82.41 years (2000 est.)
Total fertility rate: 1.27 children born/woman (2000 est.)
Literacy:
- definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school
- total population: 92.2%
- male: 96%
- female: 88.2% (1996 est.)
[edit] Terminology
Han Chinese residents generally refer to themselves as Hèung Góng Yàhn (Traditional Chinese: 香港人; Cantonese Yale: Hèung Góng Yàhn), literally "Hong Kong people". Non-Han-Chinese individuals born in the area are technically classified as "Hong Kong people", though they may choose to be identified by their original heritage instead.
[edit] Population by ethnicity
Chinese make up 95% of the population with the other groups floating at around 5%[6]. The national census classify any group of European decent together. Chinese ethnic groups are also not separated.
| Chinese | 2001 Number | % of Total | 2006 Number | % of Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chinese | 6,364,439 | 94.9% | 6,522,148 | 95.0% |
| Filipino | 142,556 | 2.1% | 112,453 | 1.6% |
| Indonesian | 50,494 | 0.8% | 87,840 | 1.3% |
| White | 46,584 | 0.7% | 36,384 | 0.5% |
| Indian | 18,543 | 0.3% | 20,444 | 0.3% |
| Nepalese | 12,564 | 0.2% | 15,950 | 0.2% |
| Japanese | 14,180 | 0.2% | 13,189 | 0.2% |
| Thai | 14,342 | 0.2% | 11,900 | 0.2% |
| Pakistani | 11,017 | 0.2% | 11,111 | 0.2% |
| Other Asian | 12,835 | 0.2% | 12,663 | 0.2% |
| Others | 20,835 | 0.3% | 20,264 | 0.3% |
| Total | 6,708,389 | 100.0% | 6,864,346 | 100.0% |
[edit] Group category
The current list is in alphabetical order after category.
By Ethnicity
- Chinese
- Cantonese
- Hakka
- Hokkien
- Shanghainese
- Teochew
- Other Asian
By Migration
- Indigenous inhabitants
- New immigrants
- Returnees
- Expatriates
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ a b c Sanderson, Edgar. [1897] (1897) The British Empire in the Ninteenth Century: Its Progress and Expansion at Home and Abroad. Blackie publishing. No ISBN digitalized doc from Stanford university
- ^ Sweeting, Anthony. [1990] (1990). Education in Hong Kong, pre-1841 to 1941. HK University Press. ISBN 9622092586
- ^ a b c d e Chan, Shun-hing. Leung, Beatrice. [2003] (2003). Changing Church and State Relations in Hong Kong, 1950-2000. Hong Kong: HK university press. Page 24. ISBN 962-2096123
- ^ a b Manion, Melanie. [2004](2004). Corruption by Design: Building Clean Government in Mainland China and Hong Kong. Harvard University press. ISBN 0674014863
- ^ HK Census. "HK Census." Statistical Table of population. Retrieved on 2007-03-16.
- ^ HK Census. "HK Census." Statistical Table. Retrieved on 2007-03-08.
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