Dot (diacritic)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Ȧ | ȧ |
| Ḃ | ḃ |
| Ċ | ċ |
| Ḋ | ḋ |
| Ė | ė |
| Ḟ | ḟ |
| Ġ | ġ |
| Ḣ | ḣ |
| İ | ı |
| Ṁ | ṁ |
| Ṅ | ṅ |
| Ȯ | ȯ |
| Ṗ | ṗ |
| Ṙ | ṙ |
| Ṡ | ṡ |
| Ṫ | ṫ |
| Ẇ | ẇ |
| Ẋ | ẋ |
| Ẏ | ẏ |
| Ż | ż |
| Diacritical marks |
|---|
|
accent
breve ( ˘ )
hook / dấu hỏi ( ̉ ) |
| Marks sometimes used as diacritics |
|
apostrophe ( ’ ) |
When used as a diacritic mark, the term dot is usually reserved for the Interpunct ( · ), or to the glyphs 'combining dot above' ( ̇ ) and 'combining dot below' ( ̣ ) which may be combined with some letters of the extended Latin alphabets in use in Central European languages and Vietnamese.
Contents |
[edit] Dot above
Language scripts or transcription schemes that use the dot as a diacritic mark:
- In Arabic romanization, ġ stands for the letter ghayin.
- Traditional Irish typography, where the dot denotes lenition, and is called a ponc séimhithe 'dot of lenition': ḃ ċ ḋ ḟ ġ ṁ ṗ ṡ ṫ . To overcome situations where this diacritic was absent from the available printing facilities, it became common practice to add an 'h' after the vowel instead. This is today the most common way of expressing lenition. Indeed, representing lenition with an 'h' is the practice in schools and the media. Thus 'ċ' and 'ch' represent the same phonetic element in Modern Irish.
- Lithuanian: ė
- Maltese: ċ ġ ż
- Polish: ż
- The dot above lowercase i and j (and uppercase İ in Turkish) is not regarded as an independent diacritic, but rather as an integral part of the letter.
In mathematics and physics the dot denotes the time derivative as in 
.
[edit] Dot below
- In IAST and National Library at Calcutta romanization, transcribing Indic languages, a dot below a letter indicates retroflex consonants, while an underdot signifies an emphatic consonant.
- Ḍ, also used in the O'odham language.
- Ḷ, also used in unofficial transcriptions of Asturian.
- In romanizations of Semitic languages, a dot below a consonant is used to indicate emphatic consonants. For example, ṣ represents an emphatic s.
- Vietnamese. The nặng tone (low, glottal) is represented with a dot below the base vowel: ạ ặ ậ ẹ ệ ị ọ ộ ợ ụ ự ỵ.
- In Yoruba, the dot is used below the o, the e and the s: those three letters can also occur without dot as another letter.
[edit] See also
| The ISO basic Latin alphabet | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aa | Bb | Cc | Dd | Ee | Ff | Gg | Hh | Ii | Jj | Kk | Ll | Mm | Nn | Oo | Pp | Rr | Ss | Tt | Uu | Vv | Ww | Xx | Yy | Zz | |
| history • palaeography • derivations • diacritics • punctuation • numerals • Unicode • list of letters | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
