Duke of Newcastle

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Duke of Newcastle is a title which has been created several times in the peerages of England and Great Britain.

The title Earl of Newcastle-upon-Tyne was first created for Ludovic Stuart in 1623 as a subsidiary title, he being made Duke of Richmond.

The title was again created in 1628, with the subsidiary title of Baron Cavendish, for William Cavendish, previously created Viscount Mansfield (1620). (The barony of Cavendish of Hardwick had been granted to his uncle William Cavendish, 1st Earl of Devonshire, in 1605.) He was raised to the rank of Marquess of Newcastle-upon-Tyne (1643) and finally Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne (1665), the last with the subsidiary title Earl of Ogle (from his Barony of Ogle). After the death of the second Duke in 1691, these titles became extinct.

The title was again created for John Holles, 4th Earl of Clare, in 1694, with the subsidiary title Marquess of Clare. When he died in 1711 the title became extinct but his estates passed to his nephew Thomas Pelham, 1st Earl of Clare, who in 1715 received the title in its third creation, again with the subsidiary title of Marquess of Clare. In 1757 he received the additional title of Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne (sic, not the previously used "Newcastle-upon-Tyne" and not "Newcastle-under-Lyme"). When Pelham died in 1768, the Tyne title became extinct, but the Lyne title passed to his niece's husband Lord Lincoln. That title also became extinct in 1988 upon the death of the tenth Duke, as no male heirs to the title remained.

One of the seats of this family was Clumber Park but the house was demolished.

The title of "Earl of Newcastle", in the Jacobite Peerage, was created in 1692 for Piers, or Pierce, Butler, 3rd Viscount of Galmoye, who married, in March 1695, Henrietta Fitzjames, widow of Henry Waldegrave, 1st Baron Waldegrave and natural daughter of King James II by his mistress Arabella Churchill.