École Nationale Supérieure des Beaux-Arts
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The Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Beaux-arts (ENSB-A) is the distinguished National School of Fine Arts in Paris France. The Ecole des Beaux-arts is made up of a vast complex of buildings located at 14 rue Bonaparte, between the quai Malaquais and the rue Bonaparte, in the heart of Saint-Germain-des-Près, just across from the Louvre museum. Founded in 1648 by Charles Le Brun as the Académie de peinture et de sculpture (The famed French Academy). In 1793 the name was changed when it merged with the Académie d'architecture. Held in the King's tutelage until 1863, an imperial decree of November 13, 1863 named the school's director, who serves for a five-year term. Long supervised by the Ministry of Public Instruction, the Ecole des beaux-arts is now a public establishment.
The École Nationale Supérieure des Beaux-Arts in Paris is the original of a series of Écoles des Beaux-Arts in French regional centers. Since its founding in 1648, the Académie Royale de Peinture et de Sculpture had a school, France's elite institution of instruction in the arts. Its program was structured around a series of anonymous competitions that culminated in the grand prix de l'Académie Royale, more familiar as the Grand Prix de Rome, for its winner was awarded a bourse and a place at the French Academy in Rome. During his stay in Rome, a pensionnaire was expected to send regular envois of his developing work back to Paris. Contestants for the Prix were assigned a theme from the literature of Classical Antiquity; their individual identities were kept secret to avoid any scandal of favoritism.
With his final admission into the Académie, the new member had to present his fellow academicians a morceau de réception, a painting or sculpture that demonstrated his learning, intelligence, and proficiency in his art. Jacques-Louis David's Andromache Mourning Hector was his reception offering in 1783; today it is in the collections of the Louvre Museum.
In 1793, during the French Revolution, the Académie Royale and the grand prix de l'Académie Royale were abolished, but only a few years later, in 1797, the Prix de Rome was re-established. Each year throughout the nineteenth century, the winner of the Prix de Rome was granted five years of study at the Villa Medici, after which the painter or sculptor could fully expect to embark on a successful official career.
The program resulted in the accumulation of some great collections at the Académie, one of the finest collections of French drawings, many of them sent as envoies from Rome, as well as the paintings and sculptures, usually the winners, of the competitions, or salons. Lesser competitions, known as the petits concours, took themes like history composition (which resulted in many sketches illustrating instructive moments from Antiquity), expressions of the emotions, and full and half-figure painting.
In its role as a teaching institution, the École assembled a large collection of Italian and French etchings and engravings, dating from the 16th through the 18th century. Such prints published the composition of paintings to a wide audience. The print collection was first made available to students outside the Académie in 1864.
Today, studies include: painting, installation, graphic arts, photography, sculpture, digital media and video. Ensb-a provides the highest level of training in contemporary art production. Throughout history, many world-renowned artists have either taught or studied at this institution. The faculty is made up of recognized international artists. Theoretical courses permitting diverse approaches to the history of the arts complement studio work, which is supported by technical training and access to technical bases. The Ensba media center provides students with rich documentation on art, and organizes conferences, seminars, and debates throughout the year. The School buildings have architectural interest and house prestigious historical collections and an extensive fine arts library. The school publishes a dozen texts per year on different collections, and holds exhibitions ranging from the school's excellent collection of old-master drawings to the most up to date contemporary works, in the Quai Malaquais space and the Chapel throughout the year.
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[edit] Directors
- François Wehrlin
- Yves Michaud
- Alfred Pacquement
- Henry-Claude Cousseau
[edit] Famous Instructors
- Marina Abramović
- Jean-Michel Alberola
- Louis-Jules André
- François Boisrond
- Christian Boltanski
- Duchenne de Boulogne
- Pierre Buraglio
- Jean-Marc Bustamante
- Jean Brasilier
- Alexandre Cabanel
- Pierre Carron
- Robert Chauvin
- César
- Claude Closky
- Leonardo Cremonini
- Henri Cueco
- Aimé-Jules Dalou
- Richard Deacon
- Jean-François Debord
- Olivier Debré
- Henri Deglane
- Christian Fossier
- Louis Girault
- Julien Guadet
- Fabrice Hybert
- Joël Kermarrec
- Jacques Labro
- Victor Laloux
- Jean-Paul Laurens
- Charles Le Brun
- Charles Lemaresquier
- Noël Lemaresquier
- Michel Marot
- Annette Messager
- Gustave Moreau
- Jean-Louis Pascal
- Marc Pataut
- Auguste Perret,
- Emmanuel Pontremoli
- Paul Richer
- Jean-Joseph Sue
- Jean-Joseph Sue, son
- Jean-Luc Vilmouth
- Othello Zavaroni
[edit] Notable Alumni
- David Clark Allison, architecture
- Rodolfo Amoedo, painting
- Léon Azéma, achitecture
- Théodore Ballu , achitecture
- Ana Black , photography, multi-media
- Maurice Boitel, painting
- Aristophane Boulon, design
- Antoine Bourdelle, sculpture
- Bernard Buffet, painting
- Jacques-Louis David, painting
- Gabriel Davioud, achitecture
- Olivier Debré, painting
- Edgar Degas, painting
- Henri Deglane, achitecture
- Eugène Delacroix, painting
- Félix Duban, achitecture
- Jean-Honoré Fragonard, painting
- Charles Garnier, achitecture
- Tony Garnier, achitecture
- Théodore Géricault, painting
- Louis Girault, achitecture
- Julien Guadet, achitecture
- Jacques Guidot, achitecture
- Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres, painting
- Victor Laloux, achitecture
- Victor Louvet, achitecture
- Albert Louvet, achitecture
- Jean-Baptiste Mathon, achitecture
- Annette Messager, installation, muti-media
- Claude Monet, painting
- Gustave Moreau, painting
- Pierre de Montvallon, dit Piem, design
- Jean-Louis Pascal, achitecture
- André Pavlovsky, achitecture
- Pierre-Auguste Renoir, painting
- Bojan Sarcevic, sculpture
- Joann Sfar, design
- Sisley, painting
- Albert-Félix-Théophile Thomas, achitecture
- Roland Topor, design
- Guillaume Tronchet, achitecture
- Robert Wlérick, sculpture
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[edit] References
- Review of ""Dieux et Mortels", a travelling exhibition of paintings and sculpture models from the collection of the École Nationale Supérieure des Beaux-Arts, 2004
- [1]
[edit] See also
[edit] External links
- École nationale supérieur des beaux-arts website
- Extensive French Wikipedia Link
- Book on the Schoolen:École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts
en:Ensba
