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The Architecture Portal
Architecture in Greek ἀρχι-, "archi-", meaning first, prime, or chief and τέκτων, "tekton", meaning builder. It is a multi-disciplinary field, including within its fold mathematics and geometry, science, art, technology, social sciences, politics, history, philosophy, and so on. The first architect known by name was Imhotep from ancient Egypt. The Roman architectural writer, Vitruvius summarized that "Architecture is a science, arising out of many other sciences, and adorned with much and varied learning: by the help of which a judgement is formed of those works which are the result of other arts". He added that an architect should be well versed in fields such as music, astronomy and philosophy. This holds true to this day – as music is a play of pitches/tones with silences (modulation in sound), architecture is a play of solids with voids, geometry with proportion.
The study of philosophy ("lover of wisdom") would be an appropriate attribute for an architect in the days of Vitruvius given the diverse fields of knowledge an architect needs to embody. "Architectural philosophy" is frequently used to describe the approach of an architect; for example, Modernism, Rationalism, empiricism, structuralism, poststructuralism, and phenomenology are some directions from philosophy influencing architecture.
A wider definition of architecture includes within its scope the design of the total built environment, from the macrolevel of town planning, urban design, and landscape architecture to the microlevel of interior design and furniture. (more about architecture...)
The Unité d'Habitation (French, literally, "Housing Union" or "Housing Unit" since Unité has a double meaning in French) is the name of a modernist residential housing design principle developed by Le Corbusier, which formed the basis of numerous housing developments designed by him throughout Europe with this name. The first and most famous of these buildings, also known as Cité radieuse and, informally, as La Maison du Fada (French - Provençal, "The Lunatic's House"), is located in Marseille, France, built 1947-1952. Probably his most famous work, it proved enormously influential and is often cited as the initial inspiration of the Brutalist architectural style and philosophy.
The Marseille building comprises 337 apartments arranged over twelve stories, all suspended on large piloti. The building also incorporates shops, sporting, medical and educational facilities, and a hotel. The flat roof is designed as a communal terrace with sculptural ventilation stacks and a swimming pool. (more…)
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