Battle of Lepanto order of battle
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This is the order of battle during the Battle of Lepanto on 7 October 1571 in which the Holy League deployed 6 galleasses and 206 galleys, while the Ottoman forces numbered 216 galleys and 56 galliots.
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[edit] The Fleet of the Holy League¹
The combined Christian fleet was placed under the command of John of Austria (Don Juan d'Austria) with Marco Antonio Colonna as his principal deputy.
[edit] The Left Wing
Commanded by Agostino Barbarigo (53 galleys, 2 galleasses)
- Venetian Galleasses (2)
- Galleass of Ambrogio Bragadin
- Galleass of Antonio Bragadin
- Venetian Galleys (39)
- Lanterna of Venice – Agostino Barbarigo
- ? ("capitana") of Venice – Marco Querini
- Fortune of Venice – Andrea Barbarigo †
- Three Hands of Venice – Giorgio Barbarigo
- Two Dolphins of Candia – Francesco Zeni
- Lion and Phoenix of Candia – Francesco Mengano
- Christ of Candia (I) – Giovanni Corner
- Angel of Candia – Giovanni Angelo
- Pyramid of Candia – Francesco Bono †
- Resurrected Christ of Venice (I) – Simone Guoro
- Resurrected Christ of Venice (II) – Federico Renieri
- Christ of Corfu – Cristoforo Condocori
- Madonna of Candia – Filippo Polani
- Seahorse of Candia – Antonio Di Cavalli
- Twin Lions of Candia – Nicolo Fradello
- Lion of Capodistria – Dominico del Tago
- Resurrected Christ of Candia (I) – Giorgio Calergi
- Christ of Venice (I) – Bartolomeo Donato
- Christ of Candia (II) – Giovanni Corneri
- Resurrected Christ of Candia (II) – Francesco Zancaruoli
- Kodus of Candia –
- Santa Euphemia of Brescia – Orazio Fisogna
- Blessed of Candia –
- Seahorse of Venice –
- Christ of Candia (III} – Danielo Calefatti
- Arm of Candia – Nicolo Lippomano
- Our Lady of Zante – Nicolo Mondini
- Resurrected Christ of Candia (III) –
- Our Lady of Venice (I) – Marcantonio Pisani
- Santa Dorothea of Venice – Polo Nani
- Ketianana of Retimo – Nicolo Avonali
- Lion's Head of Istria –
- God the Father, over the Holy Trinity of Venice – Giovanni Marino Contarini †
- Resurrected Christ of Venice (III) – Giovanni Battista Querini
- Angel of Venice – Onfre Giustiniani
- Cross of Cephalonia – Marco Cimera
- Virgin Saint of Cephalonia – Cristoforo Criffa
- Resurrected Christ of Cherso – Lodovico Cicuta
- San Nicolò of Veglia – Colane Drascio
- Spanish and Neapolitan Galleys (12)
- Lomellina (Spanish) – Agostino Cancuale
- Flame of Naples – Juan de las Cuevas
- San Giovanni of Naples – García de Vergara
- Envy of Naples – Teribio de Accaves
- Blessed of Naples –
- San Jacopo of Naples – Moferat Guardiola
- San Nicola of Naples – Cristóbal de Mongiu
- Victory of Naples – Occava Di Rocadi
- Fortune of St Andrew – Giovanni Alvigi Belvi
- 3 unnamed Spanish or Neapolitan galleys
- Papal Galley (1)
- Reign (Papal) – Fabio Valicati
- Genoese Galley (1)
- Marches of Doria – Francesco San Fedra
[edit] The Center Division
Commanded by Don Juan of Austria (62 galleys, 2 galleasses)
- Venetian Galleasses (2)
- Galleass of Jacopo Guoro
- Galleass of Francesco Duodo
- Venetian Galleys (29)
- ? ("capitana") of Venice - Sebastiano Venier
- ? ("capitana") of Lomellini (I) - Paolo Giordano I Orsini
- ? ("padrona") of Lomellini - Pier Battista Lomellini
- ? ("capitana") of Man - Giorgio d'Asti
- San Giovanni of Venice - Pietro Badoaro
- Judith of Zante - Marino Sicuro
- St Alexander of Bergamo - Giovanni Antonio Colleone
- St. Jerome of Lesina/Lissa - Giovanni Balci
- Our Lady of Venice (II) - Giovanni Zeni
- Christ of Venice {II) - Girolamo Contarini
- Wheels of the Serpent of Venice - Gabrio da Canale
- Pyramid of Venice
- San Christoforo of Venice - Alessandro Contarini
- Armelino of Candia - Pietro Gradenigo
- Middle Moon of Venice - Valerio Valleresso
- Man of the Sea of Vicenza - Jacopo Draffrano
- Palm of Venice - Girolamo Veniero †
- San Giovanni Battista (St John the Baptist) of Venice - Giovanni Mocenigo
- Christ of Venice (III)
- San Giovanni of Venice
- Tree Trunk of Venice - Girolamo Canale
- Mongibeilo of Venice - Bertucci Contarini
- Virgin of Candia -
- San Theodoro of Venice - Theodoro Balbi
- Mountain of Candia - Alessandro Vizzamano
- Passaro of Venice - Niccolò Tiepolo
- Lion of Venice - Pietro Pisani
- San Girolamo of Venice - Gasparo Malipiero
- 1 unnamed Venetian galley
- Genoese Galleys (8)
- ? ("capitana") of Genoa - Ettore Spinola †
- ? ("capitana") of Gil d'Andrada - Bernardo Cinoguera
- ? ("padrona") of Genoa - Pellerano
- ? ("padrona") of David Imperiali - Nicola da Luvanc
- Pearl (Andrea Doria} - Giovanni Battista Spinola
- Temperance - Ciprian di Mari
- Victory (Andrea Doria) - Filippo Doria
- Pyramid (Andrea Doria) - Marcantonio Uliana
- Spanish and Neapolitan Galleys (16)
- ? ("real") (Spanish) - Don Juan of Austria's flagship
- ? ("capitana") of Castille (Spanish} - Luis de Requesens
- ? ("capitana") of Savoy (Savoyard) - Prince of Urbino, Admiral of Savoy
- ? ("patrona real") (Spanish) - Requesens or Juan Bautista Cortés (?)
- ? ("capitana") of Bandinelli (Neapolitan) - Bendinelli Sauli
- ? ("capitana") of Grimaldi (Neapolitan) - Georgio Grimaldi
- ? ("patrona") of Naples - Francisco de Benavides
- Roccaful of Spain - Roccaful
- San Francisco of Spain - Cristóbal Vázquez
- Granada of Spain - Paolo Bottino
- Figuiera of Spain - Diego López de Ilianos
- Luna (Moon) of Spain - Manuel de Aguilar
- Fortune of Naples - Diego de Medrano
- Mendoza of Naples - Martino de Caide
- St George of Naples - Eugenio de Vargas
- 1 unnamed Spanish or Neapolitan galley
- Papal Galleys (6) (including Tuscan contingent)
- ? ("capitana") of His Holiness - Marcantonio Colonna; flagship of the Papal contingent
- Tuscany (Tuscany) - Metello Caracciolo
- Pisa (Tuscany) - Ercole Lotta
- Florence (Tuscany) - Tomaso di Medicis
- Peace - Jacopo-Antonio Perpignano
- Victory - Baccio di Pisa
- Galleys of Knights of Malta (3)
- Vittoria ("capitana") of Malta - Justin, Prior of Messina †; flagship of the Maltese contingent
- Order of St Peter (San Pietro) - Roquelaure Saint-Aubin
- Order of St John (San Giovanni) - Alonso de Tejada
[edit] The Right Wing
Commanded by Gian Andrea Doria (53 galleys, 2 galleasses)
- Venetian Galleasses (2)
- Galleass of Andrea da Cesare
- Galleass of Pietro Pisani
- Venetian Galleys (25)
- ? ("padrona") of Mani (Parini) – Antonio Corniglia
- Forces of Venice – Rinieri Zeni
- San Giuseppe of Venice – Nicolo Donato
- Tower of Vicenza – Lodovico da Porto
- Eagle of Corti – Pietro Bua †
- Rema of Candia –
- Nino of Venice – Paulo Polani
- Resurrected Christ of Venice (IV) – Benedetto Soranzo
- Our Lady of Candia – Marco Foscarini
- Christ of Candia (IV) – Francesco Cornero
- Flame of Candia – Antonio Boni
- Eagle of Candia – Girolamo Zorzi
- San Cristoforo of Venice – Andrea Troni
- Christ of Venice (IV) – Marcantonio Lando †
- Hope of Candia – Girolamo Cornaro †
- Palm of Candia – Jacopo di Mezzo †
- Angel of Corfu – Stelio Carchiopulo
- Ship of Venice – Antonio Pasqualigo
- Eagle of Retimo – Pietro Pisano
- San Giovanni of Arbe – Giovanni de Dominis
- Our Lady of Friuli (Traits) -
- Reality of Padua -
- La donna of Traù – Lucio Cipico
- San Trifone of Cattaro - Gerolamo Bizanti
- 1 unnamed Venetian galley
- Spanish and Neapolitan Galleys (10)
- Sicilian – Francesco Amadei
- Piedmont (Savoyard) – Ottavio Moretto †
- Margaret of Savoy (Savoyard) – Battaglino
- Cingana of Naples – Gabriel de Medina
- Moon of Naples – Julio Rubio
- Hope of Naples – Pedro de Busto
- Gusmana of Naples – Francisco de Osedo
- 3 unnamed Spanish or Neapolitan galleys
- Genoese Galleys (16)
- ? ("capitana") of Andrea Doria – Andrea Doria
- ? ("capitana") of Negroni – Giovan Ambrogio Negroni
- ? ("padrona") of Grimaldi – Lorenzo Trecha
- ? ("padrona") of Andrea Doria – Giulio Centurioni
- ? ("padrona") of Negroni – Luigi Gambia
- ? ("padrona") of Lomellini – Georgio Greco
- Swordsman of Retimo –
- San Vittorio of Crema – Evangelista Zurla
- Fury of Lomellini – Jacopo Chiappe
- Negrona – Nicolo da Costa
- Bastard of Negrona – Lorenzo da Torre
- San Triton of Cataro – Girolamo Bisante
- Monarch of Giovan Andrea – Nicolo Garibaldo
- Maid of Giovan Andrea – Nicolo Imperiale
- Urania of Genoa –
- 1 unnamed Genoese galley
- Papal Galleys (2)
- Santa Maria – Pandolfo Strozzi
- San Giovanni – Angelo (or Antonio) Bifali †
[edit] The Rearguard
Commanded by Don Álvaro de Bazán (38 galleys, including 8 galleys of the Advance Guard)
- Venetian Galleys (12)
- Christ – Marco da Molino
- Two Hands – Giovanni Loredano †
- Faith – Giovanni Battista Contarini
- Pillar – Caterino Malipiero
- Magdalene – Alvigi Balbe
- Lady – Giovanni Bembo
- World – Filippo Leoni
- Hope – Giovanni-Batista Benedetti †
- San Pietro – Marco Fiumaco
- Sybil – Danielo Troni
- San Giorgio of Sebenico – Cristoforo Lucio
- San Michele – Giorgio Cochini
- Spanish and Neapolitan Galleys (13)
- La Loba ("capitana") of Naples - Álvaro de Bazán, 1st Marquis of Santa Cruz
- ? ("capitana") of Vaicos (Spanish) - Juan Vázquez de Coronado
- San Giovanni of Sicily (Spanish) – David Imperiale
- Crane (Spanish) – Luis Heredia
- Leona of Naples –
- Constanza of Naples – Pietro Delagia
- Marchesa of Naples – Juan de Machado †
- Santa Barbara of Naples – Giovanni de Aschale
- San Andrea of Naples –
- Santa Caterina of Naples – Juan Rufis de Velasco
- San Angelo of Naples –
- Terana at Naples – Giovanni de Riva de Neillino
- 1 unnamed Spanish or Neapolitan galley
- Papal Galleys (3)
- ? ("padrona") of the Papacy – Alfonso d'Appiano
- Supremacy – Antonio d'Ascole
- Serenity –
- Genoese Galleys (2)
- Baccana – Giovanni Pietro di Morilo
- 1 unnamed Genoese galley
[edit] The Vanguard
Commanded by Juan de Cardona (8 galleys attached to the Reserve force)
-
- ? ("capitana") of Sicily (Spanish) – Juan de Cardona
- ? ("padrona") of Sicily (Spanish) –
- San Giovanni of Sicily (Spanish) – David Imperiale
- San Ionics of Sicily (Spanish) –
- Santa Magdalena of Venice – Marino Contarini
- Sun of Venice – Vicenzo Quirini †
- St Catherine of Venice – Marco Cigogna
- Our Woman of Venice – Pier-Francesco Malipiero
[edit] The Turkish Fleet²
Supreme command of the Turkish (Ottoman) Fleet was held by Muezzenzade Ali Pasha
[edit] The Left Wing
Commanded by Uluch Ali (61 galleys, 32 galliots)
- Turkish (Constantinople) Galleys (14)
- Nasur Ferhad
- Kasam Reis
- Osman Reis
- Kiafi Hajji
- Ferhad Ali
- Memi Bey
- Piri Osman
- Piri Reis
- Selim Basti
- Talatagi Reis
- Celebi Reis
- Tartar Ali
- Kafir Hajji
- Karaman Pasha
- Barbary (Algerian) Galleys (14)
- Uluj Ali - Wing commander
- Karl Ali
- Karaman Ali
- Alemdar Pasha
- Sinian Celebi
- Amdjazade Mustafa
- Dragud Ali
- Seydi Ali
- Peri Selim
- Murad Darius
- Uluj Reis
- Macasir Ali
- Ionas Osman
- Salim Deli
- Syrian Galleys (6)
- Kara Bey
- Dermat Bey
- Osman Bey
- Iusuf Ali
- Kari Alemdar
- Murad Hasan
- Anatolian Galleys (13)
- Karali Reis
- Piriman Reis
- Hazuli Sinian
- Chios Mehemet
- Hignau Mustafa
- Cademly Mustafa
- Uschiufly Memy
- Kari Mora
- Darius Pasha
- Piali Osman
- Tursun Osman
- Iosul Piali
- Keduk Seydi
- Greek (Negropont) Galleys (14)
- Seydi Reis
- Arnaud Ali
- Chendereli Mustafa
- Mustafa Hajji
- Sali Reis
- Hamid Ali
- Karaman Hyder
- Magyar Fehrad
- Nasur Ferhad
- Nasi Reis
- Kara Rhodi
- Kos Hajji
- Kos Mend
- Karam Bey (Albanian)
- Turkish (Constantinople) Galliots (19)
- Uluj Piri Pasha
- Karaman Suleiman
- Haneshi Ahmed
- Hyder Enver
- Nur Memi
- Karaman Reis
- Kaleman Memi
- Guzman Ferhad
- Hunyadis Hasan
- Kemal Murad
- Sarmusal Reis
- Tursun Suleiman
- Celebi Iusuf
- Hascedi Hassan
- Sian Memi
- Osman Dagli
- Karaman Reis
- 2 unnamed Turkish galiots
- Albanian Galiots (8)
- Deli Murad
- Alemdar Reis
- Sian Siander
- Alemrdar Ali
- Hasan Omar
- Seydi Aga
- Hasan Sinam
- Jami Fazil
- Anatolian Galiots (5)
- Kara Alemdhar
- Suzi Memi
- Nabi Reis
- Hasan Osman
- Hunyadi Iusuf
[edit] The Center Division
Commanded by Ali Pasha (87 galleys divided into the First Line (among which are the fittest and newest galleys of the fleet) and the Second Line)
First Line
- Turkish (Constantinople) Galleys (22)
- Muezzenade Ali Pasha Sultana - Fleet flagship
- Osman Reis - Wing commander
- Portasi Pasha - Commander, embarked troops
- Hasan Pasha (son of Barbarossa)
- Hasan Reis
- Kos Ali
- Kilik Reais
- Uluj Reis
- Piri Uluj Bey
- Dardagan Reis - Governor of the Arsenal
- Deli Osman
- Piri Osman
- Demir Celebi
- Darius Haseki
- Sinian Mustafa
- Heseki Reis
- Hasan Uluj
- Kosem Iusuf
- Aga Ahmed
- Osman Seydi
- Darius Celebi
- Kafar Reis
- Rhodes Galleys (12)
- Black Sea (Bulgarian and Bithynian) Galleys (13)
- Prauil Aga
- Kara Reis
- Arnaud Reis
- Jami Uluj
- Arnaud Celebi
- Magyar Ali
- Kali Celebi
- Deli Celebi
- Deli Assan
- Kamen Aga
- Sinian Reis
- Kari Mustafa
- Seydi Arnaud
- Gallipoli Galleys (4) (but 5 are listed?)
- The Lord of Moria
- Piri Hamagi
- Ali Reis
- Iusuf Ali
- Sinian Bektashi
- Greek (Negropont) Galleys (11)
- Osman Reis
- Mehmed Bey - Governor of Metelina
- Baktashi Uluj
- Baktashi Mustafa
- Sinian Ali
- Agdagi Reis
- Deli Iusuf
- Orphan Ali
- Cali Celebi
- Bagdar Reis
- Hanyadi Mustafa
Second Line
- Constantinople Galleys (12)
- Tramontana Reis
- Murad Reis
- Suleiman Celebi
- Deli Ibrahim
- Murad Korosi
- Darnad Ali
- Kari Reis
- Darius Sinian
- Dardagi Ali
- Hyder Carai
- Darius Ali
- Kan Ali
- Barbary (Tripoli) Galleys (6)
- Hyder Aga
- Kari Hamat
- Husam Kahlim Ali
- Deram Uluj
- Deydi Ali
- Mohammed Ali
- Gallipoli Galleys (7)
- Aziz Khalifa - Governor of Gallipoli
- Selim Sahi
- Seydi Pasha
- Hasan Mustafa
- Hasseri Ali
- Hassan Deli
- Iusuf Seydi
[edit] The Right Wing
Commanded by Mehmet Sulik Pasha (60 galleys and 2 galiots)
- Turkish (Constantinople) Galleys (20)
- Suleiman Bey
- Kara Mustafa
- Ibrahim Reis
- Suleiman Reis
- Karaman Ibrahim
- Chender Sinian
- Hasan Nabi
- Ali 'Genoese'
- Hali Reis
- Seydi Selim
- Kumar Iusuf
- Bardas Celebi
- Bardas Hasan
- Fazil Ali Bey
- Drusari Piri
- Koda Ali
- Sinaman Mustafa
- Caracoza Ali
- Mustafa Alendi
- Mamara Reis
- Babary (Tripoli) Galleys (5)
- Arga Pasha
- Arnaut Ferhad
- Darnad Iusuf
- Suleiman Reis
- Fazil Memi
- Anatolian Galleys (13)
- Mehemet Bey
- Maysor Ali
- Amurat Reis
- Kalifi Memi
- Murad Mustafa
- Hyder Mehmet
- Sinian Darius
- Mehmet Darius
- Amdjazade Simian
- Adagi Hasan
- Sinjji Musafa
- Hajji Cebebi
- Tursan Mustafa
- Egyptian (Alexandrian) Galleys (22)
- Mehmet Julik Pasha (wing commander)
- Kari Ali
- Herus Reis
- Karas Turbat
- Bagli Serif
- Hasan Celebi
- Osman Celebi
- Dink Kasai
- Osman Occan
- Darius Aga
- Drazed Sinian
- Osman Ali
- Deli Aga
- Dardagut Bardabey
- Kasli Khan
- Iusuf Aga
- Iusuf Magyar
- Khalifa Hyder
- Mustafa Kemal
- Dernadi Piri
- Memi Hasan
- Kari Ali
- Egyptian (Alexandrian) Galiots (2)
- Abdul Reis
- Piali Murad
[edit] The Rearguard
Commanded by Amuret Dragut Rais (8 galleys and 22 galiots)
- Greek (Negropont) Galleys (4)
- Amuret Dragut Reis
- Kaidar Memi
- Deli Dori
- Hasan Sinian
- Anatolian Galleys (4)
- Deli Suleiman
- Deli Bey
- Kiafar Bey
- Kasim Sinian
- Mixed Squadron of Galiots (22)
- Ali Uluj
- Kara Deli
- Ferhad Kara Ali
- Dardagud Reis
- Kasim Kara
- Hasan Reis
- Alemdar Hasan
- Kos Ali
- Hajji Ali
- Kurtprulu Celebi
- Setagi Meni
- Setagi Osman
- Hyder Ali
- Hyder Deli
- Armad Memi
- Hasan Reis
- Jami Naser
- Nur Ali
- Kari Ali
- Murad Ali
- Iumaz Ali
- Haneschi Murad
[edit] Notes on ship nomenclature
1. Several vessels among the fleet of the Holy League bore the same name. Whilst this is not unheard of among ships belonging to different nationalities, some of the said ships belong to the same nation. These did not seem to be of great importance to Christian commanders at that time. In order to avoid confusion, those vessels bearing the same name were suffixed with ordinal number according to nationality (i.e. Christ of Candia I, Christ of Candia II; Christ of Venice I, Christ of Venice II, etc.).
2. In contrast to their Western contemporaries, Turkish records only show the names of commanders of the ships instead of the names of the ship themselves.
3. "capitana", "almirante", "padrona", "real" etc. refer to the vessels designation as flagship, deputy flagship etc..
[edit] References
- Braudel, Fernand (1972-73). The Mediterranean and the Mediterranean World in the Age of Philip II, trans. Siân Reynolds, 2 vols., London: Collins. ISBN 0-00-211536-0 (vol. 1), ISBN 0-00-211540-9 (vol. 2).
- Konstam, Angus (2003). Lepanto 1571: The Greatest Naval Battle of the Renaissance, illus. Tony Bryan, Oxford: Osprey. ISBN 1-84176-409-4.
- Marx, Robert F. (1966). The Battle of Lepanto, 1571. Cleveland: World Pub.
