Hakor

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Persondata
NAME	Hakor
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Achoris
SHORT DESCRIPTION	Pharaoh of Egypt
DATE OF BIRTH	{{{Birth}}}
PLACE OF BIRTH	Ancient Egypt
DATE OF DEATH	{{{Death}}}
PLACE OF DEATH	Ancient Egypt

Preceded by:
Psammuthes

Pharaoh of Egypt
29th Dynasty

Succeeded by:
Nepherites II

Hakor

Achoris

Reign

393 BCE–380 BCE

Praenomen

Maatibre
Justice is the Heart of Re^[1]

Nomen

hkr
Hakor

Horus name

ˁȝ-ỉb-mry-tȝwy
Great of intellect who loves the Two Lands

Nebty name

qnw
The Brave

Golden Horus

sḥtp nṯrw
Satisfying the gods

Issues

Nepherites II

Died

380 BCE

Hakor, or Akoris, was the Pharaoh of Egypt from 393 BC to 380 BC. Hakor overthrew his predecessor Psammuthes and falsely proclaimed himself to be the grandson of Nepherites I, founder of the 29th Dynasty, on his monuments in order to legitimise his kingship.^[2] While Hakor ruled Egypt for only 13 years, his reign is important for the enormous amount of buildings which he constructed and for his extensive restoration work on the monuments of his royal antecedents.^[3]

[edit] Reign

Early in his reign, Hakor revolted against his overlord, the Persian King Artaxerxes. In 390 BC, he concluded a tripartite alliance with Evagoras, king of Cyprus, and Athens. This alliance led Persia to begin supporting Sparta in the Corinthian War, which eventually led to the ending of that war by the Peace of Antalcidas in 387/6 BC. In it, Artaxerxes II proclaimed his authority over the cities of Asia Minor and Cyprus gave full autonomy to the Greek city states of mainland Greece as long as they did not make war on him.^[4]

After the end of that war, Persia turned its attention to Egypt, but Hakor, supported by the Athenian general Chabrias, held them off in a three year war between 385 and 383 BC.^[5] Hakor died in 380 BC and was succeeded by his son Nepherites II, but Nepherites was overthrown by Nectanebo I within a year, thus ending the dynasty.

[edit] References

^ Peter Clayton, Chronicle of the Pharaoh, Thames and Hudson Ltd, 1994. p.203
^ Clayton, op. cit., p.203
^ Clayton, op. cit., p.203
^ Clayton, op. cit., p.203
^ John V.A. Fine, The Ancient Greeks: A critical history (Harvard University Press, 1983), p.558