Medford, Massachusetts
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Medford, Massachusetts | |||
|
|||
 |
|||
| Coordinates: | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Country | United States | ||
| State | Massachusetts | ||
| County | Middlesex County | ||
| Settled | 1630 | ||
| Incorporated | 1630 | ||
| Government | |||
| - Type | Mayor-council city | ||
| - Mayor | Michael J. McGlynn | ||
| Area | |||
| - City | 8.6 sq mi (22.4 km²) | ||
| - Land | 8.1 sq mi (21.1 km²) | ||
| - Water | 0.5 sq mi (1.3 km²) | ||
| Elevation | 14 ft (4 m) | ||
| Population (2000) | |||
| - City | 55,765 | ||
| - Density | 6,851.3/sq mi (2,645.3/km²) | ||
| Time zone | Eastern (UTC-5) | ||
| - Summer (DST) | Eastern (UTC-4) | ||
| ZIP code | 02155 | ||
| Area code(s) | 617 / 781 | ||
| Website: http://www.medford.org/ | |||
Medford is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts just a few miles north of Boston on the Mystic River. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 55,765. It is the home of Tufts University. The name of the city came from the description of a "meadow by the ford."
Contents |
[edit] History
Medford was founded in 1630, making it the fourth oldest English settlement in America after notable Jamestown VA and Plymouth MA ]]. Medford was established as a city in 1892 and was a center of industry, manufacturing brick and tile, rum, and Medford Crackers, and building clipper ships.
[edit] Gypsy moth
In 1868, a French astronomer and naturalist, Leopold Trouvelot, was attempting to breed a better silkworm using Gypsy moths. Several of the moths escaped from his home at 27 Myrtle Street (which no longer exists). Within ten years, the insect pest had denuded the vegetation in the neighborhood. Eventually, it spread all over North America.[citation needed]
[edit] Holiday songs
In a pub on Salem Street in Medford, local resident James Pierpont wrote "Jingle Bells" in the late 19th century after watching a sleigh race from Medford to Malden. Another local resident, Lydia Maria Child (1802-1880) made a poem out of the trip across town to her grandparents' house, now the classic song, "Over the River and Through the Woods".
[edit] Other notables
Medford was home to Fannie Farmer, author of one of the world's most famous cookbooks—as well as James Plimpton, the man credited with the 1863 invention of the first practical four-wheeled roller skate, which set off a roller craze that quickly spreads across the United States and Europe.
"The Black Dahlia", the infamous Hollywood murder victim, was born and raised in Medford before going to the West Coast looking for fame.
The Peter Tufts house (350 Riverside Ave.) is thought to be the oldest all-brick building in New England. Another important site is the "Slave Wall" on Grove Street, built by "Pomp," a slave owned by the prominent Brooks family.
Medford has sent more than its share of athletes to the National Hockey League; Shawn Bates, though born in Melrose, MA grew up in Medford, as did Keith Tkachuk and Joe Sacco.
Medford is home to some of New England's most well-known bakeries and Italian restaurants and delis.
Medford was home to Michael Bloomberg, American businessman, philanthropist, and the founder of Bloomberg L.P., who is currently serving as the Mayor of New York City. Mayor Bloomberg attended Medford High School and resided in Medford until after he graduated college. His mother remains a resident of Medford.
[edit] Medford and the law
Medford is also home to some famous scandals. A few crooked officers of the Medford Police force pulled off one of the biggest bank robberies and jewel heists in world history in 1980, robbing the Medford Savings and Loan during a holiday parade. Also, the only recorded proof of the Mafia's existence is from an FBI audiotape of a Medford Mafia ceremony in the late 1980s. An admitted Mob execution by Stephen "The Rifleman" Flemmi took place at the "Pewter Pot" cafe in Medford Square[citation needed].
[edit] Geography
Medford is located at (42.419996, −71.107942).GR1
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 22.4 km² (8.6 mi²). 21.1 km² (8.1 mi²) of it is land and 1.3 km² (0.5 mi²) of it (5.79%) is water.
An impressive park called the Middlesex Fells Reservation1 straddles the town's northern boundary. This 2060-acre preserve is shared by Medford with the municipalities of Winchester, Stoneham, Melrose and Malden. Unfortunately its two Depression era stone towers, both of which offered wide views across much of the park and city, have become overgrown by maturing forests, and fallen into disrepair due to government cutbacks.
[edit] Neighborhoods
People of Medford often identify themselves with what part of the city they are from. The most populated are:
- The Heights
- Wellington-Glenwood
- Medford Square
- Hillside
- South Medford
- West Medford
- Lawrence Estates
- Brown Town
[edit] Demographics
The majority of Medford's population is Italian American families who mostly live in the North Medford neighborhood of the city. The Irish-Americans also are a strong majority in the city and live in all areas.
As of the censusGR2 of 2000, there were 55,765 people, 22,067 households, and 13,505 families residing in the city. Medford is one of the larger cities in Massachusetts and has a greater population than Medford, Oregon. The population density was 2,645.1/km² (6,851.3/mi²). There were 22,687 housing units at an average density of 1,076.1/km² (2,787.3/mi²). The racial makeup of the city was 86.45% White, 6.10% African American, 0.11% Native American, 3.87% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 1.14% from other races, and 2.30% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.59% of the population.
There were 22,067 households out of which 23.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.6% were married couples living together, 11.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.8% were non-families. 28.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 3.04.
In the city the population was spread out with 17.9% under the age of 18, 11.0% from 18 to 24, 32.6% from 25 to 44, 21.2% from 45 to 64, and 17.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 88.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.2 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $52,476, and the median income for a family was $62,409. Males had a median income of $41,704 versus $34,948 for females. The per capita income for the city was $24,707. About 4.1% of families and 6.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.7% of those under age 18 and 7.4% of those age 65 or over.
Medford has three Public Access television stations: TV3, Channel 15 (educational access) and Channel 16 (governmental or municipal access).
[edit] Transportation
In Medford Square numerous buses provided by the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority run through, allowing easy access to other parts of town and nearby cities. On Medford's east side, Wellington serves as the cities source to the Orange Line. From the Orange Line people obtain quick transportation to countless areas including Boston. On the west side, the Lowell Line makes a stop in West Medford Square.
[edit] Points of interest
- Tufts University: Though formally listed as being located in Medford, Tufts University is also located in Somerville. The Somerville-Medford line actually runs through Tufts' campus. The school employs many local residents and has many community service projects that serve the city, especially those run through the Leonard Carmichael Society and the Jonathan M. Tisch College of Citizenship and Public Service, the latter of which especially emphasizes public service in Tufts' host communities.
- Springstep, a nonprofit that hosts variety of dance and music classes, weekly social dances, and a six-part Performance Series. It is located across from City Hall.
- Amelia Earhart residence, 76 Brooks Street
- Former site of Fannie Farmer's house; corner of Paris & Salem Streets
- Grandfather's House
- Gravity Research Foundation monument at Tufts University
- Isaac Royall House
- Jingle Bells historical marker, High Street
- Peter Tufts House
- Salem Street Burying Ground
[edit] Notable residents
- Edwin Adams, (1834-1877), stage comedian of the 19th century[1]
- Michael Bloomberg, current mayor of New York City
- Matt Carbone, author, Justice of the Peace
- Terri Lyne Carrington, jazz drummer
- Lydia Maria Child, anti-slave activist, writer of the poem "Over the River and Through the Woods"
- Jamie Chisholm, writer for Barstool Sports newspaper and fantasy sports guru
- Fannie Farmer
- Paul Geary former drummer of the hard rock band Extreme, music manager for acts such as Godsmack
- John Honeycutt, TV producer for the Discovery Networks
- Maria Menounos, Miss Massachusetts Teen USA 1996, media personality (Entertainment Tonight), actress
- Andrew Moehrke, founder of "Knollwood", and hip-hop activist
- Bill Monbouquette, former Major League Baseball pitcher 1958-1968 (Red Sox, Tigers, Yankees)
- John Forbes Nash, Princeton professor, winner of the Nobel Prize in Economics
- Julianne Nicholson, actress ("Ally McBeal", "Conviction")
- Mike Pagliarulo, former Major League Baseball player
- Jerry Pallotta, children's book author
- James Pierpont, writer of "Jingle Bells"
- Isaac Royall, Jr.
- Elizabeth Short, aspiring starlet who was brutally mutilated and murdered. Her death was the focus of the movie The Black Dahlia.
- Marshall Sloane, founder and Chairman of the Board, Century Bank
- Paul Theroux, author
- Keith Tkachuk, NHL Hockey player
- John Shumski, Drafted by St. Louis Blues, also participated on American Gladiators.
- David Sacco, US Olympic Hockey Player
- Joseph Sacco, US Olympic Hockey Player
- Shawn Bates, NHL Hockeyplayer
- Craig Skillman, Caught pass to beat Cambridge in 1994 on a 1-9 team
[edit] References
- ^ (1967) Who Was Who in America, Historical Volume, 1607-1896. Marquis Who's Who.
[edit] External links
- City Hall's website
- Medford Transcript, newspaper
- City Hall's Official Histories
- Medford History by local schools
- Medford History by Sharon Guzik
- Medford Historical Society
- Medford Historical Commission
- Middlesex Fells, 2,060-acre Natural Reservation
- Picture of Slave Wall, Grove Street
- The Brooks Estate
- Royall House Association
- Chevalier Theater
- Sikh Temple, Mystic Ave. Medford
- Springstep, connecting people through dance+music
- Medford Green Line Neighborhood Alliance(MGNA)
- Medford Maddogs Website
- Maps and aerial photos
- Street map from Google Maps, or Yahoo! Maps, or Windows Live Local
- Satellite image from Google Maps, Windows Live Local, WikiMapia
- Topographic map from TopoZone
- Aerial image or topographic map from TerraServer-USA
