Fender Esquire

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The Fender Esquire is a solid body electric guitar manufactured by Fender, and was the first guitar sold by Fender in 1950. ^[1] Shortly after its introduction, the two-pickup version of the Esquire was first renamed Broadcaster, and then Telecaster, while the one-pickup version retained the Esquire name. Although the one-pickup Esquire was manufactured first, it is now generally regarded as a variant of the more popular Telecaster.

[edit] Early development

The first prototype for the Esquire (and the later Telecaster) was completed by Leo Fender in the fall of 1949. The prototype shared with these guitars the now-familiar slab body shape with single cutaway to allow easier access to the upper frets. It likewise featured the distinctive combination bridge and pickup assembly, with a slanted pickup with individual pole pieces for each string, and three bridge saddles which allowed adjustment of string length in pairs and individual string height. The neck, like the first Esquires manufactured in 1950, was made from a single piece of maple without a truss rod. The neck was attached to the body with four screws and an anchor plate, unlike in traditional guitar construction, where the neck is glued to the body. Unlike the Esquire, the neck was wider at the nut, and the head had 3 tuners on each side. The prototype differed from the later production guitars in several other respects: the body was made of pinewood, it was painted opaque white, its scratch plate covered the lower bout only, it lacked a selector switch, and its volume and tone knobs were mounted on a slanted plate. ^[2] Like the production models, it had a removable pickup cover, but unlike on the production models, the cover had straight sides. ^[3] Like all Esquires manufactured from 1951 onwards, the prototype had only one pickup.

Over the winter of 1949/50, Fender refined the design. The neck width at the nut was narrowed, and the head modified to accommodate all six tuners on one side. A tone selector switch was added, and the controls were mounted on a plate parallel to the strings. The scratch plate was enlarged. ^[4] Around the spring of 1950, Fender had completed a neck pickup design, which was smaller than the lead pickup and was encased in a metal shielding cover. ^[1] However, this last feature was not to make it onto Fender's first commercially introduced guitar, as Fender's distributor, the Radio & Television Equipment Company (RTEC), had decided that it would be easier to sell the single pickup version of the guitar. ^[1]

[edit] The 1950 Esquire

The single pickup guitar was first manufactured in April of 1950, and made its commercial debut as the Esquire in RTEC's Spring catalogue of that year. ^{[5] [1]} While the guitar pictured in the catalogue was painted black and had a white scratch plate, most of the Esquires produced at the time were painted semi-transparent "butterscotch" blonde and had a black scratch plate. Unlike the pinewood prototype, the bodies (thinner than the Broadcaster's at 1.5", instead of 1.75") were made of solid ash. ^[1] The dual pickup version was first manufactured in June of that year. Neither version had a truss rod at that time, though in November, the dual pickup version acquired one and was renamed the Broadcaster. ^[5] Following objections from Gretsch who produced a similarly-named drum kit, this name was dropped, and some guitars were shipped without names until the name Telecaster was adopted. These unlabelled instruments are now referred to as Nocasters.

[edit] The Esquire from 1951 to present

The cover of Bruce Springsteen's album, Born to Run with Bruce holding a Fender Esquire. Note the added neck pickup.

Following the renaming of the dual pickup Broadcaster, production and promotion of the single pickup Esquire was briefly discontinued. It was reintroduced with a truss rod in January of 1951. The only external differences between these second generation Esquires and the Broadcasters and Telecasters of 1951 are the lack of a neck pickup, and the Esquire label on the head. Although the Esquire had only a single pickup, it retained the three-way switch of the two-pickup guitars. This switch modified the tone of the pickup by making it bassier in the forward position, while enabling use of the tone control knob in the middle position. With the switch in the rear position, these tone controls were bypassed entirely for a "hotter" lead tone.

Like the two-pickup guitar, these Esquires had a routing cavity in the neck pickup position. Thus, with the purchase of a neck pickup and replacement or modification of the scratchplate, players could upgrade their instrument to a guitar identical to the Telecaster in every respect except for the model decal. Bruce Springsteen, for example, has long played an Esquire modified in this way.^{[6] [7]} These modified Esquires are not to be confused with the first generation two-pickup Esquires, which left the factory with two pickups, and did not have a truss rod. Syd Barrett, the original leader of Pink Floyd, was another prominent Esquire player. His successor David Gilmour, while not as prominent of a user as Barrett, used an Esquire with an added pickup (as Springsteen did) on several songs, including Run Like Hell and his work on Paul McCartney's album Run Devil Run. ^[8]On the single, "Born to Be Wild" by Steppenwolf, guitarist Michael Monarch played a single bridge pickup version of the Fender Esquire.

The initial rationale for reintroducing the single pickup Esquire in 1951 had been to offer a more affordable option for musicians who could not afford the two-pickup guitar. However, with the introduction of cheaper student models such as the Mustang, the more expensive Esquire became a less attractive option, and it was sold in smaller and smaller quantities. Consequently, Fender discontinued the Esquire in 1969.

Fender currently offers several '50s Esquire reproductions in their online catalogue. The company considers the Esquire to be a member of the "family of Telecaster guitars."

[edit] See also

• Fender Telecaster.
• List of Telecaster players (includes Esquire players)

[edit] Citations

1. ^ ^{a b c d e} (Duchossoir 1991, p. 11).
2. ^ (Duchossoir 1991, pp. 8-11).
3. ^ (Duchossoir 1991, p. 35).
4. ^ (Duchossoir 1991, p. 8).
5. ^ ^{a b} (Bacon & Day 1998, p. 18).
6. ^ (Bacon 2005, p. 79, 81)
7. ^ Ten Terrific Telecaster Guitars, from the Fender UK website (Archived version accessed 18 October 2006).
8. ^ A closer look at Gilmour's 1955 Fender Esquire

[edit] References

• Bacon, Tony (2005), Six Decades of the Fender Telecaster: The story of the world's first solidbody electric guitar, Backbeat Books, ISBN 0-87930-856-7.
• Bacon, Tony & Paul Day (1998), The Fender Book: A complete history of Fender electric guitars (2nd ed.), Balafon Books, ISBN 0-87930-554-1.
• Duchossoir, A.R. (1991), The Fender Telecaster: The Detailed Story of America's Senior Solid Body Electric Guitar, Hal Leonard Publishing Co., ISBN 0-7935-0860-6.

[edit] External links

• Current Esquire Classic, with some history.
• Index of current Esquire models.
• Ten Terrific Telecasters at Fender UK has descriptions of the very first Esquire/Telecaster prototype guitar, and of Springsteen's upgraded Esquire (Archived version accessed 18 October 2006).