First Hellenic Republic

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The First Hellenic Republic (Greek: Α' Ελληνική Δημοκρατία) is the term used for the provisional Greek state during the Greek War of Independence against the Ottoman Empire.

In the first stages of the 1821 uprising, various areas elected their own regional governing councils. These were replaced by a central administration at the First National Assembly of Epidaurus in early 1822, which also adopted the first Greek Constitution, marking the birth of the modern Greek state. The new state was not recognized by the Great Powers of the day, which, after initial successes, was threatened with collapse both from within due to civil war and from the victories of the Turco-Egyptian army of Ibrahim Pasha.

However, by this time (1827), the Great Powers had come to agree to the formation of an autonomous Greek state under Ottoman suzerainty, as stipulated in the Treaty of London. Ottoman refusal to accept these terms led to the Battle of Navarino, which effectively secured complete Greek independence.

In 1827, the National Assembly at Troezen selected Count Ioannis Capodistrias as Governor of Greece, establishing the Hellenic State (Ελληνική Πολιτεία), or Governorate. After his arrival in Greece in January 1828, Capodistrias actively tried to create a functional state and redress the problems of a war-ravaged country, but was soon embroiled in conflict with powerful local magnates and chieftains. He was assassinated by political rivals in 1831, plunging the country into renewed civil strife. He was succeeded by his brother, Augustinos Kapodistrias, until he was forced to resign after six months. Once again the three self-appointed "Protecting Powers" (Great Britain, France and Russia) intervened, declaring Greece a Kingdom in the London Conference of 1832, with the Bavarian Prince Otto of Wittelsbach as king.

[edit] Heads of State

• Ioannis Kapodistrias (January 24, 1828 - October 9, 1831)
• Augustinos Kapodistrias (October 9, 1831 - April 9, 1832)
• Governmental Commission (April 9, 1832 - February 2, 1833)

v • d • e Greek War of Independence
Events		Personalities
Battles Battle of Dragashani Battle of Skuleni Siege of Tripoli Battle of Alamana Battle of Gravia Battle of Valtesi Battle of Doliana Battle of Chios Battle of Dervenakia Battle of Peta Battle of Karpenisi Battle of Kamatero Destruction of Psara Naval Battle of Gerontas Battle of Maniaki Battle of the Lerna Mills Siege of Missolonghi Egyptian Invasion of Mani Battle of Arachova Battle of Phaleron Battle of Navarino Battle of Petra	Greek Councils and National Assemblies Filiki Etaireia Messenian Senate First National Assembly Second National Assembly Third National Assembly National Assembly at Troezen Fourth National Assembly Fifth National Assembly Treaties and Protocols Protocol of St Petersburg Treaty of London Conference of Poros Treaty of Adrianople London Conference Treaty of Constantinople	Greece Theodoros Kolokotronis Petros Mavromichalis Athanasios Diakos Nikitaras Ioannis Capodistrias Ioannis Kolettis Papaflessas Odysseas Androutsos Alexandros Ypsilantis Demetrios Ypsilantis Georgios Karaiskakis Laskarina Bouboulina Markos Botsaris Alexandros Mavrocordatos Manto Mavrogenous Andreas Miaoulis Konstantinos Kanaris	Ottoman Empire Sultan Mahmud II Hursid Pasha Omer Vryonis Mahmud Dramali Pasha Mehmed Reshid Pasha Egyptian Khedivate Ibrahim Pasha United Kingdom Edward Codrington Stratford Canning Richard Church Lord Cochrane Lord Byron Russian Empire Login Petrovich Geiden Kingdom of France Henri de Rigny Nicolas Joseph Maison