Entraînement à la propreté
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L'entraînement à la propreté (ou apprentissage de la propreté) est le processus duquel un jeune enfant apprend à devenir propre et à cesser de souiller ses couches afin d'utiliser la toilette pour la miction et la défécation. L'apprentissage de la propreté débute et se complète généralement entre l'âge de 18 mois et 4 ans. [1], though recent studies in Japan show that an increasing number of children are wetting their beds or wearing diapers full time, even in elementary school.[1][2]
Selon la théorie de Sigmund Freud, a child can have problems later in life if the toilet training doesn't go well, or is too strict.[2] For example, as an adult a person could strive for perfection or excessive cleanliness because they were too harshly trained. The current popular wisdom on this subject is that toilet training is a mutual task, requiring cooperation, agreement and understanding between both the child and the caregiver. It is strongly recommended that coercion and shame are not used as disciplinary instruction tools during this phase of development.
[modifier] Notes
- ↑ Honig, A: "Toilet Training Stubborness," Scholastic Parent and Child
- ↑ The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud, Vol. 11. ISBN 0-393-01128-3
