Harghita County
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Harghita County | |||
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Facts | |||
Development region: | Centru | ||
Historic region: | Transylvania | ||
Capital city: | Miercurea-Ciuc | ||
Population: • As of 2002: • Population density: |
326,222 52/km² |
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Area: | 6,639 km² | ||
Codes: • Car numbers • ISO 3166-2:RO |
HR RO-HR |
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Telephone code: | (+40) x66 (1) | ||
Web: |
County Council Prefecture |
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1. For the former state operator x is 2. For the alternate telephony operators, x is 3 |
Harghita (IPA: [har.'gi.ta]; Hungarian: Hargita) is a county (judeţ) in the center of Romania, in eastern Transylvania, with the county seat at Miercurea-Ciuc.
Contents[hide] |
[edit] Neighbours
- Neamţ County and Bacău County to the East.
- MureÅŸ County to the West.
- Suceava County to the North.
- BraÅŸov County and Covasna County to the South.
[edit] Demographics
In 2002, it had a population of 326,222 and a population density of 52/km².
- Hungarians- 84.6% (or 276,038)[1]
- Romanians - 14.1% (or 45,870)
- Roma - 1.2% (or 3,835), and others.
Harghita county has the highest percentage of Hungarians in Romania, just ahead of Covasna county. The primary Hungarian group, the Székely (Szeklers, Secui in Romanian), form the majority of the population in most of the county's municipalities, with Romanians concentrated in a few enclaves, such as Topliţa.
The Székely are mostly Roman Catholic, while Romanians are primarily Orthodox, and the other Hungarian groups are Reformed and Unitarian. By religion, the county is divided roughly as follows:
- Roman Catholic (65%)
- Orthodox (13%)
- Reformed (13%)
- Unitarian (7%)
- Other (2%)
Year | County population[2] |
---|---|
1948 | 258,495 |
1956 | 273,964 |
1966 | 282,392 |
1977 | 326,310 |
1992 | 348,335 |
2002 | 326,222 |
[edit] Geography
Harghita County has a total area of 6,639 km².
Harghita consists primarily of mountains, connected to the Eastern Carpathians, such as the Ciuc and Harghita Mountains; volcanic plateaux, foothills, and the more densely populated river valleys.
The mountains are volcanic in origin, and the region is known for its excellent hot mineral springs. Harghita is known as one of the coldest regions in Romania, although summers can be quite warm.
It is in this county that two of the most important rivers in Romania, the Mureş and the Olt, originate. These rivers' origins, near the villages of Izvoru Mureşului and Sândominic, are only a few miles apart; yet the Mureş flows west to the Tisza, while the Olt flows south to the Danube. In the western part of the county the two Târnava rivers (Târnava Mare and Târnava Mică) flow to the Târnava Plateau, which is part of the Transylvania Plateau.
Harghita's many spectacular natural scenery include Sfanta Ana Lake, a volcanic crater lake near the town of Băile Tuşnad; Lacu Roşu a mountain lake in the northeast near the town of Gheorgheni, and Cheile Bicazului, a dramatic, narrow canyon formed by the Bicaz stream. The county is renowned for its spa resorts and mineral waters.
[edit] Economy
The county's main industries:
- Wood industry – up to 30%;
- Foods and beverages industry;
- Textile and leather processing;
- Mechanical components.
[edit] Tourism
The main tourist attractions in Harghita county are
- The cities of Miercurea Ciuc, Odorheiu Secuiesc, Gheorgheni, Topliţa.
- The mountain resorts of
- Băile Tuşnad (Tusnádfürdő)
- Borsec (Borszék)
- Lacu Roşu (Gyilkos-tó)
- Izvorul Mureşului (Marosfő)
- Harghita Băi (Hargitafürdő)
[edit] Administrative divisions
The county has 4 municipalities, 5 towns, and 58 communes. (Hungarian names in parentheses)
[edit] Municipalities
- Miercurea Ciuc (CsÃkszereda) – county seat; population: 42,029
- Gheorgheni (Gyergyószentmiklós)
- Odorheiu Secuiesc (Székelyudvarhely)
- TopliÅ£a (MaroshévÃz)
[edit] Towns
- Băile Tuşnad (Tusnádfürdő)
- Bălan (Balánbánya)
- Borsec (Borszék)
- Cristuru Secuiesc (Székelykeresztúr)
- Vlăhiţa (Szentegyháza)
[edit] Communes
- Atid (Etéd)
- Avrămeşti (Szentábrahám)
- Bilbor (Bélbor)
- Brădeşti (Fenyéd)
- Căpâlniţa (Kápolnásfalu)
- CârÅ£a (CsÃkkarcfalva)
- Ciceu (CsÃkcsicsó)
- Ciucsângeorgiu (CsÃkszentgyörgy)
- Ciumani (Gyergyócsomafalva)
- Corbu (Gyergyóholló)
- Corund (Korond)
- Cozmeni (CsÃkkozmás)
- DăneÅŸti (CsÃkdánfalva)
- Dârjiu (Székelyderzs)
- Dealu (Oroszhegy)
- Ditrău (Ditró)
- Feliceni (Felsőboldogfalva)
- Frumoasa (SzépvÃz)
- Gălăutaş (Galócás)
- Joseni (Gyergyóalfalu)
- Lăzarea (Gyergyószárhegy)
- Leliceni (CsÃkszentlélek)
- Lueta (Lövéte)
- Lunca de Jos (Gyimesközéplok)
- Lunca de Sus (Gyimesfelsőlok)
- Lupeni (Farkaslaka)
- MădăraÅŸ (CsÃkmadaras)
- Mărtiniş (Homoródszentmárton)
- Mereşti (Homoródalmás)
- Mihăileni (CsÃkszentmihály)
- Mugeni (Bögöz)
- Ocland (Oklánd)
- Păuleni-Ciuc (CsÃkpálfalva)
- PlăieÅŸii de Jos (KászonaltÃz)
- Porumbenii (Galambfalva)
- Praid (Parajd)
- Racu (CsÃkrákos)
- Remetea (Gyergyóremete)
- Săcel (Székelyandrásfalva)
- Sâncrăieni (CsÃkszentkirály)
- Sândominic (CsÃkszentdomokos)
- Sânmartin (CsÃkszentmárton)
- Sânsimion (CsÃkszentsimon)
- Sântimbru (CsÃkszentimre)
- Sărmaş (Salamás)
- Satu Mare (Máréfalva)
- Secuieni (Újszékely)
- Siculeni (Madéfalva)
- Şimoneşti (Siménfalva)
- Subcetate (Gyergyóvárhegy)
- Suseni (Gyergyóújfalu)
- TomeÅŸti (CsÃkszenttamás)
- Tulgheş (Gyergyótölgyes)
- Tuşnad (Tusnád)
- Ulieş (Kányád)
- Vărşag (Székelyvarság)
- Voşlăbeni (Vasláb)
- Zetea (Zetelaka)
[edit] References
- ^ National Institute of Statistics, "Populaţia după etnie" ("Population by ethnicity")
- ^ National Institute of Statistics, "Populaţia la recensămintele din anii 1948, 1956, 1966, 1977, 1992 şi 2002"
Băile Tuşnad • Bălan • Borsec • Cristuru Secuiesc • Gheorgheni • Miercurea-Ciuc • Odorheiu Secuiesc • Topliţa • Vlăhiţa |
Atid (Etéd) • AvrămeÅŸti (Szentábrahám) • Bilbor (Bélbor) • BrădeÅŸti (Fenyéd) • CăpâlniÅ£a (Kápolnásfalu) • CârÅ£a (CsÃkkarcfalva) • Ciceu (CsÃkcsicsó) • Ciucsângeorgiu (CsÃkszentgyörgy) • Ciumani (Gyergyócsomafalva) • Corbu (Gyergyóholló) • Corund (Korond) • Cozmeni (CsÃkkozmás) • DăneÅŸti (CsÃkdánfalva) • Dârjiu (Székelyderzs) • Dealu (Oroszhegy) • Ditrău (Ditró) • Feliceni (FelsÅ‘boldogfalva) • Frumoasa (SzépvÃz) • GălăutaÅŸ (Galócás) • Joseni (Gyergyóalfalu) • Lăzarea (Gyergyószárhegy) • Leliceni (CsÃkszentlélek) • Lueta (Lövéte) • Lunca de Jos (Gyimesközéplok) • Lunca de Sus (GyimesfelsÅ‘lok) • Lupeni (Farkaslaka) • MădăraÅŸ (CsÃkmadaras) • MărtiniÅŸ (Homoródszentmárton) • MereÅŸti (Homoródalmás) • Mihăileni (CsÃkszentmihály) • Mugeni (Bögöz) • Ocland (Oklánd) • Păuleni-Ciuc (CsÃkpálfalva) • PlăieÅŸii de Jos (KászonaltÃz) • Porumbenii (Galambfalva) • Praid (Parajd) • Racu (CsÃkrákos) • Remetea (Gyergyóremete) • Săcel (Székelyandrásfalva) • Sâncrăieni (CsÃkszentkirály) • Sândominic (CsÃkszentdomokos) • Sânmartin (CsÃkszentmárton) • Sânsimion (CsÃkszentsimon) • Sântimbru (CsÃkszentimre) • SărmaÅŸ (Salamás) • Satu Mare (Máréfalva) • Secuieni (Újszékely) • Siculeni (Madéfalva) • ÅžimoneÅŸti (Siménfalva) • Subcetate (Gyergyóvárhegy) • Suseni (Gyergyóújfalu) • TomeÅŸti (CsÃkszenttamás) • TulgheÅŸ (Gyergyótölgyes) • TuÅŸnad (Tusnád) • UlieÅŸ (Kányád) • VărÅŸag (Székelyvarság) • VoÅŸlăbeni (Vasláb) • Zetea (Zetelaka) |
Alba • Arad • Argeş • Bacău • Bihor • Bistriţa-Năsăud • Botoşani • Braşov • Brăila • Buzău • Caraş-Severin • Călăraşi • Cluj • Constanţa • Covasna • Dâmboviţa • Dolj • Galaţi • Giurgiu • Gorj • Harghita • Hunedoara • Ialomiţa • Iaşi • Ilfov • Maramureş • Mehedinţi • Mureş • Neamţ • Olt • Prahova • Satu Mare • Sălaj • Sibiu • Suceava • Teleorman • Timiş • Tulcea • Vaslui • Vâlcea • Vrancea |