Henri Nestlé
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Henri Nestlé, born Heinrich Nestle (10 August 1814 – 7 July 1890), was the founder of Nestlé S.A., the world's biggest food and beverage company, as well as one of the main creators of milk chocolate.
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[edit] Early life
[edit] Birth
Henri Nestlé was born on 10 August 1814, in Frankfurt on Main, Germany. He was the eleventh of fourteen children of Johann Ulrich Matthias Nestle and Anna-Maria Catharina Ehemann. Henri Nestlé's father by tradition inherited the business of his father Johann Ulrich Nestle and became a glazier in Töngesgasse.
[edit] Name change from Heinrich Nestle to Henri Nestlé
Before Nestlé turned 20 in 1836, he had completed a 4-year apprenticeship with J. E. Stein, an owner of a pharmacy. At the end of 1839, he was officially authorized to perform chemical experiments, make up prescriptions, and sell medicines. During this time, he changed his name to Henri Nestlé in order to adapt better to the new social conditions in Vevey, Switzerland.
[edit] Early career
In 1843, Henri Nestlé bought into one of the region's most progressive and versatile industries at that time, the production of rapeseeds. He also became involved in the production of nut oils (used to fuel oil lamps), liqueurs, rum, absinth and vinegar. He also began manufacturing and selling carbonated mineral water and lemonade, although during the crisis years from 1845 to 1847 Nestlé gave up mineral water production. In 1857 he began concentrating on gas lighting and fertilizers.
[edit] Marriage
Henri and Anna Clementine Therese Ehemant were married on 23 May 1860 in Frankfurt.
[edit] Nestlé S.A. Career
[edit] Founding
It is impossible to say when Henri Nestlé started working on the infant formula project. His interest is known to be spurred by several factors:
- The high infant death rate in his family. Half of the 14 children died before reaching adulthood.
- His background as a pharmacist’s assistant.
- His wife who knew all about infant mortality being a daughter of a charity doctor.
Henri Nestlé combined cow’s milk with wheat flour and sugar to produce a substitute of mother’s milk for those children who could not accept breast-feeding. Moreover, Henri Nestlé and Jean Balthasar Schnetzler, his friend and a scientist in human nutrition, removed the acid and the starch in wheat flour because they were difficult for babies to digest. The product could be prepared by simply adding water and is considered the first infant formula. People quickly recognized the value of the new product, and soon, Farine Lactée Henri Nestlé (Henri Nestlé's Milk Flour in French) was being sold in much of Europe. By the 1870's, Nestle's Infant Food, made with malt, cow's milk, sugar, and wheat flour, was selling in the US, for $0.50 a bottle.
[edit] Retirement
Henri Nestlé had sold his company by the end of 1874 and moved with his wife into Villa Nestlé, where they helped people with small loans and publicly contributed towards improving the local infrastructure!
[edit] Death
Henri Nestlé-Ehmant died of a heart attack on 7 July 1890.
