Italian Senate
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The Italian Senate (Italian: Senato della Repubblica, 'Senate of the Republic') is the upper house of the Parliament of Italy. It was established in its current form on 8 May 1948, but it existed during the monarchy as Senato del Regno, ('Senate of the Kingdom'), continuing from the Subalpine Parliament of Piedmont established on 8 May 1848.
The Senate consists of 315 elected members (senatori), elected for a maximum of 5 years, of whom six represent Italians residing overseas. Senators must be 40 or older, and are elected by citizens over 25 years of age. According to special constitutional provisions, 'life senators' may exist, either former presidents, as ex officio life senators, or those appointed by the president "for outstanding merits in the social, scientific, artistic or literary field". As of 2006, there are seven life senators: Francesco Cossiga (former President), Oscar Luigi Scalfaro (former President), Giulio Andreotti (former Prime Minister), Rita Levi Montalcini (Nobel Prize winner for Medicine 1986), Emilio Colombo (former Prime Minister), Sergio Pininfarina (Designer), Carlo Azeglio Ciampi (former President). Giorgio Napolitano (former President of the Chamber of Deputies and former leader of the Communist Party), currently President of the Republic, is not anymore a member of the Senate.
Senate members meet at the Palazzo Madama in Rome.
The Senate may be dissolved before the expiration of its normal term by the President of the Republic, when no government can obtain a majority.
See also Parliament of Italy.
Contents |
[edit] Presidents
[edit] Kingdom of Sardinia (1848-1860)
| President | From | To | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st Legislature | |||
| Gaspare Coller | 1848 | 1848 | |
| 2nd Legislature | |||
| Giuseppe Manno | 1849 | 1849 | |
| 3rd Legislature | |||
| Giuseppe Manno | 1849 | 1849 | |
| 4th Legislature | |||
| Giuseppe Manno | 1849 | 1853 | |
| 5th Legislature | |||
| Giuseppe Manno | 1853 | 1855 | |
| Cesare Alfieri di Sostegno | 1855 | 1857 | |
| 6th Legislature | |||
| Cesare Alfieri di Sostegno | 1857 | 1860 | |
| 7th Legislature | |||
| Cesare Alfieri di Sostegno | 1860 | 1860 |
[edit] Kingdom of Italy (1861-1946)
| President | From | To | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8th Legislature | |||
| Ruggero Settimo | 1861 | 1863 | Died during mandate |
| Federico Sclopis | 1863 | 1864 | |
| Giuseppe Manno | 1864 | 1865 | |
| 9th Legislature | |||
| Gabrio Casati | 1865 | 1867 | |
| 10th Legislature | |||
| Gabrio Casati | 1867 | 1870 | |
| 11th Legislature | |||
| Vincenzo Fardella di Torrearsa | 1870 | 1874 | |
| 12th Legislature | |||
| Luigi Des Ambrois | 1874 | 1874 | Died during mandate |
| Giuseppe Pasolini | 1874 | 1876 | |
| 13th Legislature | |||
| Sebastiano Tecchio | 1876 | 1880 | |
| 14th Legislature | |||
| Sebastiano Tecchio | 1880 | 1882 | |
| 15th Legislature | |||
| Sebastiano Tecchio | 1882 | 1884 | |
| Giacomo Durando | 1884 | 1886 | |
| 16th Legislature | |||
| Giacomo Durando | 1886 | 1887 | |
| Domenico Farini | 1887 | 1890 | |
| 17th Legislature | |||
| Domenico Farini | 1890 | 1892 | |
| 18th Legislature | |||
| Domenico Farini | 1892 | 1895 | |
| 19th Legislature | |||
| Domenico Farini | 1895 | 1897 | |
| 20th Legislature | |||
| Domenico Farini | 1897 | 1898 | |
| Giuseppe Saracco | 1898 | 1900 | |
| 21st Legislature | |||
| Giuseppe Saracco | 1900 | 1904 | |
| 22nd Legislature | |||
| Tancredi Canonico | 1904 | 1908 | Died during mandate |
| Giuseppe Manfredi | 1908 | 1909 | |
| 23rd Legislature | |||
| Giuseppe Manfredi | 1909 | 1913 | |
| 24th Legislature | |||
| Giuseppe Manfredi | 1913 | 1918 | Died during mandate |
| Adeodato Bonasi | 1918 | 1919 | |
| 25th Legislature | |||
| Tommaso Tittoni | 1919 | 1921 | |
| 26th Legislature | |||
| Tommaso Tittoni | 1921 | 1924 | |
| 27th Legislature | |||
| Tommaso Tittoni | 1924 | 1929 | |
| 28th Legislature | |||
| Luigi Federzoni | 1929 | 1934 | |
| 29th Legislature | |||
| Luigi Federzoni | 1934 | 1939 | |
| 30th Legislature | |||
| Giacomo Suardo | 1939 | 1943 | |
| Paolo Thaon di Revel | 1943 | 1944 | |
| Pietro Tomasi Della Torretta | 1944 | 1946 |
[edit] National Consult (1945-1946)
| President | From | To | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Carlo Sforza | 25 September 1945 | 1 June 1946 |
[edit] Constituent Assembly (1946-1948)
| President | From | To | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Giuseppe Saragat | 25 June 1946 | 6 February 1947 | |
| Umberto Terracini | 8 February 1947 | 31 January 1948 |
[edit] Italian Republic (1948-2006)
[edit] Vice Presidents of the Senate of the Republic
- 15th Legislature
- Gavino Angius
- Roberto Calderoli
- Milziade Caprili
- Mario Baccini
[edit] Latest election
| Coalitions | Votes | % | Seats | Parties inside coalitions | Votes | % | Seats |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Union (L'Unione) |
17,118,364 | 49.18 | 158 | Democrats of the Left (Democratici di Sinistra) | 5,977,313 | 17.17 | 62 |
| Daisy-Democracy is Freedom (Margherita - Democrazia è Libertà) | 3,664,622 | 10.53 | 39 | ||||
| Communist Refoundation Party (Rifondazione Comunista) | 2,518,624 | 7.24 | 27 | ||||
Together with the Union (Insieme con L'Unione)
|
1,423,226 | 4.09 | 11 | ||||
| Italy of Values (Italia dei Valori) | 986,046 | 2.83 | 4 | ||||
Rose in the Fist (Rosa nel Pugno)
|
851,875 | 2.45 | 0 | ||||
| Popular-UDEUR (Popolari-UDEUR) | 476,938 | 1.37 | 3 | ||||
| Pensioners' Party (Partito dei Pensionati) | 357,731 | 1.03 | 0 | ||||
| The Union-South Tyrolese People's Party [1] | 198,153 | 0.57 | 3 | ||||
| The Socialists (I Socialisti) | 126,625 | 0.36 | 0 | ||||
| League for Autonomy-Lombard Alliance (Lega Alleanza Lombarda) [2] | 90,943 | 0.26 | 0 | ||||
| South Tyrolese People's Party (Südtiroler Volkspartei) [1] | 117,500 | 0.34 | 2 | ||||
| Consumers' List (Lista Consumatori) | 72,139 | 0.21 | 1 | ||||
| Olive Tree (L'Ulivo) [3] | 59,499 | 0.17 | 1 | ||||
| Italian Democratic Socialist Party (Partito Socialista Democratico Italiano) | 57,339 | 0.16 | 0 | ||||
| European Republican Movement (Movimento Repubblicani Europei) | 51,001 | 0.15 | 0 | ||||
| Autonomy Liberty Democracy (Autonomie Liberté Démocratie) [4] | 32,553 | 0.09 | 1 | ||||
| The Union (L'Unione) [5] | 27,629 | 0.07 | 0 | ||||
| abroad: 4 | |||||||
| Veneto Front League (Liga Fronte Veneto) [6] | 23,209 | 0.07 | 0 | ||||
| United Democratic Christians (Democratici Cristiani Uniti) | 5,399 | 0.02 | 0 | ||||
| House of Freedoms (Casa delle Libertà) |
17,359,754 | 49.87 | 156 | Forza Italia | 8,201,688 | 23.56 | 78 |
| abroad: 1 | |||||||
| National Alliance (Alleanza Nazionale) | 4,234,693 | 12.17 | 41 | ||||
| Union of Christian and Centre Democrats (Unione dei Democratici Cristiani e dei Democratici di Centro) | 2,311,448 | 6.64 | 21 | ||||
Northern League-Movement for Autonomy
|
1,531,939 | 4.40 | 13 | ||||
Social Alternative (Alternativa Sociale)
|
215,668 | 0.62 | 0 | ||||
| Tricolour Flame (Fiamma Tricolore) | 219,707 | 0.63 | 0 | ||||
Christian Democracy-New PSI (DC-Nuovo PSI)
|
190,724 | 0.55 | 0 | ||||
| House of Freedoms (Casa delle Libertà) [1] | 175,137 | 0.50 | 2 | ||||
| United Pensioners (Pensionati Uniti) | 61,824 | 0.18 | 0 | ||||
| Italian Republican Party (Partito Repubblicano Italiano) | 45,133 | 0.13 | 0 | ||||
| Environmental List-Ecological Democrats (Ambienta-Lista - Ecologisti Democratici) | 37,656 | 0.11 | 0 | ||||
| New Sicily (Nuova Sicilia) [7] | 33,437 | 0.10 | 0 | ||||
| No Euro Movement (No Euro) | 30,515 | 0.09 | 0 | ||||
| Pact for Sicily (Patto per la Sicilia) [7] | 20,833 | 0.06 | 0 | ||||
| Italian Liberal Party (Partito Liberale Italiano) | 15,762 | 0.05 | 0 | ||||
| Forza Italia-National Alliance (Forza Italia-Alleanza Nazionale) [4] | 11,505 | 0.03 | 0 | ||||
| Christian Extended Pact (Patto Cristiano Esteso) | 9,730 | 0.03 | 0 | ||||
| Liberal Reformers (Riformatori Liberali) | 7,668 | 0.02 | 0 | ||||
| S.O.S. Italy (S.O.S. Italia) | 4,963 | 0.01 | 0 | ||||
| Other parties | 1 | Italian Association in South America (Associazioni Italiane in Sud America) [8] | abroad: 1 | ||||
| North-East Project (Progetto Nordest) [6] | 93,159 | 0.27 | 0 | ||||
| Sicilian Alliance (Alleanza Siciliana) [7] | 36,160 | 0.10 | 0 | ||||
| Marxist-Leninist Italian Communist Party (Partito Comunista Italiano Marxista-Leninista) [9] | 26,029 | 0.08 | 0 | ||||
| Aosta Valley (Vallèe d'Aoste) [4] | 23,573 | 0.07 | 0 | ||||
| Pensions and Labour (Pensioni e Lavoro)[2] | 19,765 | 0.06 | 0 | ||||
| All other parties | 132,231 | 0.38 | 0 | ||||
| Total | 315 | 315 |
Source: Interior Ministry of Italy, Votes, Seats
- ^ a b c Present only in Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol
- ^ a b Present only in Lombardy
- ^ Present only in Molise
- ^ a b c Present only in Aosta Valley
- ^ Present only abroad and in Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol
- ^ a b Present only in Veneto
- ^ a b c Present only in Sicily
- ^ Present only abroad
- ^ Present only in Campania
[edit] See also
[edit] External links
- Official website (in Italian)
- Official website (in English)
