Bernard Williams

Úr Wikipediu, frjálsa alfræðiritinu

Vestræn heimspeki Heimspeki 20. aldar
Nafn:	Bernard Arthur Owen Williams
Fædd/ur:	21. september 1929
Dáin/n:	10. júní 2003
Skóli/hefð:	Rökgreiningarheimspeki
Helstu ritverk:	Problems of the Self; Moral Luck; Truth and Truthfulness: An Essay in Genealogy
Helstu viðfangsefni:	siðfræði, hugspeki
Áhrifavaldar:	Friedrich Nietzsche, R.M. Hare
Hafði áhrif á:	Jennifer Hornsby, Martha Nussbaum

Bernard Arthur Owen Williams (21. september 1929 — 10. júní 2003) var breskur heimspekingur sem var af mörgum talinn einn mikilvægasti breski siðfræðingur sinnar kynslóðar.^[1]

Hann var Knightsbridge-prófessor í heimspeki við Cambridge-háskóla í rúman áratug og síðar Deutsch-prófessor í heimspeki við Kaliforníuháskóla í Berkeley.

Williams varð þekktur alþjóðlega fyrir tilraunir sínar til þess að snúa aftur að rótum siðfræðinnar: að sögu og menningu, stjórnmálum og sálfræði og ekki síst til Forn-Grikkja. Honum var lýst sem „rökgreiningarheimspekingi með sál húmanista“.^[2] Hann hafnaði smættarhyggju og lét eitt sinn hafa eftir sér að smættarhyggjumenn væru þeir sem honum mislíkaði raunverulega.^[3]

Williams var þekktur femínisti^[4].

[breyta] Helstu rit

[breyta] Bækur

Philosophy As A Humanistic Discipline, A. W. Moore (ritstj.) (2006)
The Sense Of The Past: Essays In The Philosophy Of History (2006)
In the Beginning Was the Deed: Realism and Moralism in Political Argument (2005)
Truth and Truthfulness: An Essay in Genealogy (2002)
Making Sense of Humanity (1995)
Shame and Necessity (1993)
Ethics and the Limits of Philosophy (1985)
Moral Luck (1981)
Descartes: The Project of Pure Inquiry (1978)
Utilitarianism: For and Against ásamt J.J.C. Smart (1973)
Problems of the Self (1973)
Morality: An Introduction to Ethics (1972)

[breyta] Greinar

„Philosophy As a Humanistic Discipline“, Philosophy 75 (2000): 477–496.
„Understanding Homer: Literature, History and Ideal Anthropology“, hjá Neil Roughley (ritstj.), Being Humans: Anthropological Universality and Particularity in Transdisciplinary Perspectives (de Gruyter, 2000).
„Tolerating the Intolerable“, hjá Susan Mendus (ritstj.), The Politics of Toleration (Edinburgh University Press, 1999).
„Moral Responsibility and Political Freedom“, Cambridge Law Journal 56 (1997).
„Stoic Philosophy and the Emotions: Reply to Richard Sorabji“, hjá Richard Sorabji (ritstj.), Aristotle and After, Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies Supplement 68 (1997).
„Contemporary Philosophy: A Second Look“, hjá N.F. Bunnin (ritstj.), The Blackwell Companion to Philosophy (Blackwell, 1996).
„History, Morality, and the Test of Reflection“, hjá Christine Korsgaard (höf.), Onora O'Neill (ritstj.), The Sources of Normativity (Cambridge University Press, 1996).
„The Politics of Trust“, hjá Patricia Yeager (ritstj.), The Geography of Identity (University of Michigan Press, 1996).
„The Women of Trachis: Fictions, Pessimism, Ethics“, hjá R. B. Louden og P. Schollmeier (ritstj.), The Greeks and Us (Chicago University Press, 1996).
„Truth, Politics and Self-Deception“, Social Research 63 (3) (1996).
„Toleration: An Impossible Virtue?“, hjá David Heyd (ritstj.), Toleration: An Exclusive Virtue (Princeton University Press, 1996).
„Reasons, Values and the Theory of Persuasion“, hjá Francesco Farina, Frank Hahn og Stafano Vannucci (ritstj.), Ethics, Rationality and Economic Behavior (Oxford University Press, 1996).
„Truth in Ethics“, Ratio 8 (3) (1995): 227–42.
„Acting as the Virtuous Person Acts“, hjá Robert Heinaman (ritstj.), Aristotle and Moral Realism (Westview Press, 1995).
„Ethics“, hjá A. C. Grayling (ritstj.), Philosophy: A Guide Through the Subject, (Oxford University Press, 1995).
„Identity and Identities“, hjá Henry Harris (ritstj.), Identity: Essays Based on Herbert Spencer Lectures Given in the University of Oxford (Oxford University Press, 1995).
„Cratylus' Theory of Names and Its Refutation“, hjá Stephen Everson (ritstj.), Language (Cambridge University Press, 1994).
„Descartes and the Historiography of Philosophy“, hjá John Cottingham (ritstj.), Reason, Will and Sensation: Studies in Descartes's Metaphysics (Oxford University Press, 1994).
„The Actus Reus of Dr. Caligari“, Pennsylvania Law Review 142 (1994).
„Pagan Justice and Christian Love“, Apeiron 26 (3–4) (1993): 195–207.

[breyta] Tilvísanir

↑ „Professor Sir Bernard Williams“, minningargein í The Times, 14. júní 2003.
↑ McGinn, Colin, „Isn't It the Truth?“ í The New York Review of Books, 10. apríl 2003.
↑ Baker, Kenneth, „Bernard Williams: Carrying the torch for truth“, viðtal við Bernard Williams í San Francisco Chronicle, 22. september 2002.
↑ Nussbaum, Martha, „Tragedy and Justice“ í Boston Review, október/nóvember 2003.