Bajan
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Il bajan è un creolo usato nell' isola caraibica di Barbados, detto infatti anche creolo di Barbados. In gran parte basato sull'inglese, con l'aggiunta di elementi africani (portati dagli antichi schiavi dell' Africa occidentale). Alcune espressioni idiomatiche derivano dal patois e dalla lingua twi.
La sintassi del Bajan si basa sia su elementi delle lingue africane occidentali che sull'inglese. Le strutture grammaticali di questo creolo sono molto semplici rispetto a quelle di altri creoli caraibici, con vari elementi comuni al creolo giamaicano.
Questo idioma presenta diverse caratteristiche della pronuncia dei dialetti inglesi del gruppo scouse come quello di Liverpool. A differenza di altri creoli dei Caraibi, l'accento delle parole non è rotico; si registra inoltre una forte tendenza a pronunciare la /t/ finale con il cosiddetto colpo di glottide [ʔ]: questo vuol dire ad esempio che la pronuncia della parola inglese start, [stɑːɹʔ], è in opposizione chiarissima rispetto alla pronuncia in uso su altre isole, più vicina all'inglese standard [staːt].
Rispetto ai creoli usati nelle isole vicine, il bajan prevede pochi elementi basati sullo scozzese e sull'irlandese.
Come accennato, la nascita di questo idioma è legata alla tratta degli schiavi, che obbligati a parlare inglese, hanno mantenuto parte delle strutture delle loro lingue native. Col tempo, gli sviluppi di questo idioma hanno portato alla formazione di un codice che veniva usato dagli schiavi senza che i padroni potessero capirlo sempre.
La parola Bajan non è altro che lo sviluppo fonologico del termine Barbadian: in seguito ai mutamenti fonologici, la parola si è contratta. Ai tempi della dominazione britannica, il termine aveva anche una connotazione negativa e indicava una persona del posto soprattutto se veniva considerata come ignorante. Con il tempo, il connotato è sparito ed il suo uso è stato esteso a tutti i contesti. Oggi il termine è di uso comune e viene alternato a quello di Barbadian.
Sull'isola, gli abitanti del posto parlano inglese standard in situazioni formali (radio, tv, lingua ufficiale e commerciale), mentre il creolo è riservato ai contesti meno formali. Anche se gli abitanti dell'isola possono considerare l'inglese come una lingua materna, la maggior dei parlanti isolani sceglie di usare il Bajan quando si trovano tra di loro in una conversazione molto spontanea.
Oggi vi sono piccole comunità di bajan in Canada e nel Regno Unito, in particolare a Liverpool.
Si ricordano alcuni esempi:
- Inglese: The girls (le ragazze)
- Bajan: De girls/Dem girls
- Inglese: There are a lot of men here (Ci sono molti uomini qui)
- Bajan: Bajan: Duh got bare men in hay/real men inside hay boy/nuff men in de place/In hay is a malebox ya
Questa sezione non è ancora stata ancora tradotta completamente dalla lingua inglese. Se sei in grado, potresti terminarla tu. Non tentare traduzioni automatiche (no automatic translation please).
Indice |
[modifica] A
- above - girare a destra
- afta - dopo
- add-in - aggiungi un po' di quello
- again - ora, adesso
- all de talk - in ogni caso
- all-two - entrambi
- all-two a wunna - entrambe le persone del gruppo
- all-a-wanna - tutto il gruppo
- ass - un insulto, riferito al sedere o all'asino
- at'all / at'tall - niente da fare.
[modifica] B
- badbehave - essere maleducati
- badfeels - qualsiasi sentimento di debolezza
- bad-bad-bad-bad-bad-bad-bad -- "davvero tanto" (ex. "Look, da other team get beat, bad-bad-bad-bad-bad-bad-bad")
- back-back - andare all'indietro
- bachannal - rumore o suono fastidioso, o disturbo, festa rumorosa
- backoo - (Folklore) -- Un essere mistico basso metà uomo metà cavallo che pare porti sfortuna se dato a qualcuno (dalla comunità delle Indie orientali)
- backchat / backtalk - risposte irrispettose (di solito di un bambino nei confronti di un genitore)
- balampalampam - sedere molto grande
- bariffle - tantissimo es: dah's a barihf'l a homwuhk (sono tantissimi compiti)
- bassa-bassa - una lotta o tumulto
- bashi - essere affascinanti
- bashment - essere affascinanti / una festa
- bawl-like-a-cow - piangere, gridare in cerca di aiuto
- bawl-out - maledire qualcuno
- bazodee - (finto) pazzo.
- below - a sinistra di... (As in - "The house below there-")
- bare - molti...
- behind God's back - un luogo rurale sperduto nelle campagne
- big-up - complimenti, premi, titoli (di cortesia)
- big-rock - una pietra, della giusta dimensione e peso per lanciarla contro qualcuno, o per elevarsi o impressionare qualcuno (dat show was nuff big-rock)
- Bim - soprannome di Barbados (abbreviazione di Bimshire), era anche una bibita storicamente prodotta a Barbados
- blaklead - una matita
- blasted - "dannazione"
- blista - insultare
- blistabline - insultare es. "she get blistabline in cus"
- block wid - confrontarsi audacemente con es: don mek mi gah block wid yuh
- body / bozzi - una persona / la completa sostanza dell'essere (Boah-zie) e.g. not me bozzi
- boar tru - spingere attraverso ("Bore through")
- bonie - corpo molto snello (boan-ny)
- bossman - un amico ammirato / un saluto ("hey buddy")
- boun - essere costipati
- boxy / botsi - le natiche
- but - essere respinti o andare a sbattere contro qualcosa, o colpire qualcuno con la testa. (es. a "head-but")
- brass - trombe ed altri corni in una canzone
- bration - un appuntamento
- breeze - rilassarsi o essere a proprio agio. (1)"i gine up hey n breeze lil bit" (2)e.g. "dah test was ah breeze"
- breed-off - rimanere incinta
- brekfives - stringere le mani
- brek-up - cadere o sentirsi veramente stanchi dopo una festa o uno sforzo ex:Man, I did feel brek-up afta da football match.
- broughtupsy - buona educazione, buone maniere o classe
- bruggadown / brugga-lax / brax-lax - (Il suono di una caduta, o di qualcosa che colpisce qualcos'altro duramente)
- bubbi - un seno
- bubble up de gap - guidare sulla strada
- bubble a pot - cucinare cibo buono
- buckra - un bianco [di origine africana, mbakara]
- buckra-johnny - un bianco povero
- bumpa / bumsi - le natiche
- buttupon - incontrare per caso
- bull - avere (per un uomo) un rapporto sessuale con un latro uomo
- bulla - il nome più offensivo per un omosessuale maschio
- bullaman - un uomo omosessuale
- burst - fare troppo, o colpire duramente, o essere troppo pieno (de party was real burst).
- buy-ice, and fry it - "uno spreco di soldi"
[modifica] C
- cah / caa - to carry e.g. "Cah da long fuh ma"
- ca dear - 'awww', 'poor thing', 'how sad'- an expression of both good and bad sentiments eg: In response to hearing of death 'ca dear' ; comment on a cute or even an ugly baby 'ca dear'
- carry 'way - take / taking/to theif
- catspradal - to destroy/ to fall very harshly
- caw - wow! [shortened version to the vulgar]
- caw blen - wow! [vulgar]
- cha! - wow! / yes! (from Jamaica)
- chat-up / chatuhp - to flatter
- cheeseonbread - an expression or exclamation
- cheese on bread-a saying( for example:o my gosh)
- chip - slowly marching down the street in-time- to the rhythm of the music playing.
- choke-off - to shut off.
- chop-lass - see collins
- choppa - a machete
- choppy - to be bumpy
- chune - a song
- cock - referring to a male's penis
- cockrat - a whore
- cock-back - shaking ones' buttocks while dancing
- cock-up - to relax with one's limbs spread
- collins - see cutlass
- colours-fighting - the colour clothes someone is wearing either clash, are ugly, or don't go together.
- cook-up - mix everything together.
- coolie - door-to-door salesman of East-Indian decent
- come forward - to come back (eg. I gine and come forward)
- come'a - come here to me!
- come-ya - someone who is new to the area [offensive]
- common - to be low class
- crab-mash - to iron ones clothes like they don't know what they're doing.
- cross over - to become pregnant
- cunna-nou-nou (spelling?) - a fool
- cunt - noun [Vulgar] e.g. "You, ya cunt!"
- cuff - to punch / a punch
- curseted - "damn"
- cus - to insult, swear or use bad words
- cutlass - a machete
[modifica] D
- da - that
- daa fuh yuh - that's what you get
- daa gon' do fuh yuh - that will bring about serious consequences, I just hope you're ready to face them.
- de-belly - diarrhoea
- dearheart - sweetheart
- dingolay - dance
- do-fa-do - A saying ("What you do to others, you'll get back" / "What goes around, comes around" / tit-for-tat)
- do-fa-do, ain't no obeah - ("Doing bad things to others, and then having it happen to you is not necessarily witchcraft")
- dooflicky - a celebration
- doggerts - the male genitals
- doggy - the penis / an offensive name for males
- dottish - (pronounced: "doh'tish") stupid / foolish
- down de bottom - over on the other end ("down de' bottom of Saint Michael.")
- down de line - straight down the road
- drawing-up - Sit close next to... ("drawing-up along side")
- dress-up - wearing your best clothes
- drop-down - to faint, pass out, or flop down onto something
- dropsy - getting tired
- dumpsy - to be stupid
- duncey - to be stupid
- duppy - a ghost or spirit [from Twi adope]
[modifica] E
- eat-off - consume a lot of food, or the food is gone.
- ecky-becky - a poor Caucasian [a *very* offensive term][from Igbo of Nigeria]
- enuff - to have had enough of something
- eat - to perform oral sex
- dicky-male - cazzo
[modifica] F
- fa / fah / fuh - per
- fall away - lose weight rapidly
- fall out - stop being friends
- faddah - padre
- faddah-head - (an insult)
- fah real - to agree with something said
- fah right now - The point is
- fambli - famiglia
- face-basin - sink
- farepika - a prostitue
- fete - a party [from French fête]
- fingasmit - a thief
- fizzy - any kind of soda-tonic−
- flam - noun - a girl that one flirts with, verb - to flirt
- flim - film, pellicola
- fling dah chune - play that song
- flipping - f*cking
- flounce-up - usually means to stamp one's foot in a display- showing a readiness to fight.
- follow-patturn / follow-fashion - a copycat
- foop - to engage in sexual intercourse [vulgar]
- forward - e.g. "da girl was given me forward" i.e. she was takin you on
- fowl-cock - pollo
- fret - to bother
- frig-em-up - to mess up someone
- friggin - adverb (similar to f*cking) [Vulgar]
- from-starving, to lavin - a long time
- front-house - the living room.
- frowsy - to be smelly or musty
- fuh-true - "for truth?" for real, absolutely no exaggeration.
- fuzz-out- to be exhausted from strenuous activity e.g. 1. partying / 2. session(s) of energetic/ extended sexual activity
[modifica] G
- gaa / gah - have to...
- gap - a street or road
- gau bline ya - To curse someone
- gettin-on - misbehaving, treat bad.
- gohblainyuh - (an exclamation)
- gift hamper - collection of goodies
- gimme - to give something
- gine - to be going / going to..
- go-across - go over by / go over to... (ex. "I gine go across by JBs Supercentre.")
- go-so / guh so - move that way...
- go-round - "move over".
- goathead - an idiot
- golliwog:- an insultive term, given to a loud un mannerly person. e.g Shade is acting like a golliwog.
- gone-cross - to become pregnant
- great-kind-kubba - a bigshot
- gree - to speak on friendly terms
- gree-back - to re-speak on friendly terms
- groun - a garden / a field ex: she in de groun
- gully-boar - one who has no class
- gussypa - a homosexual male
- gutaperk - a sling shot.
[modifica] H
- hag - to bother
- hagga-maid - over worked in cleaning
- ham - a homosexual male
- hard-ears - you don't listen to what I tell you.
- hard-head / hard'n - you don't learn anything I tell you.
- hard mout cow - una vecchia rimbambita
- hard mout goat - un vecchio rimbambito
- has-in - contains
- hay - qui,qua
- hell'em - to over work something
- hobby class - to be free of cost
- hold-down - stoop down low
- hold 'em joe - stay in control, wait a minute(?)
- horn / horning - cheat on a lover/spouse.
- humbug - to bother or annoy
- humfree - to be free of cost
- hurting up my head - forced to think about something confusing far too much.
[modifica] I
- in-true / in-troot - "in truth?" for real? no exaggeration?
- in-a-short-short - just a moment, in a little while.
- in-two-twos - it happend really-- fast.
- irie - all right, everything is cool (from Jamaica) was also formerly the name of Trinidad.
[modifica] J
- Jah - Dio (Gamaicanismo)
- jar - to stare at, notice, realise, vise (see 'vise') or to ponder while looking, e.g. "I now jar dah girl out dey"
- Jauntin - to be going fast / to be in a hurry
- jilt - to treat (esp. a woman) unfavourably
- jipsy - to be inquisitive
- jobby - faeces / to stool
- joe'heat mare - ran/running very fast
- johnny - buzzurro
- Ju-C - ("Juicey") a soft-drink historically made in Barbados
- juck - to poke, stab or push [from Fula chuk]
- jump-up - to dance (Usually stated "Take a Jump-up")
[modifica] K
- katspraddle - to fall hard/make fall hard
- kafuffle - confussion, commotion
- kawblema! - oh my goodness!
- keep quiet - be silent, stop moving around and sit still, or stop whatever you're doing because it's annoying.
- koshflicket! - damn!
- klim - Any brand of powdered milk (including the brand Klim)
- kunou-monou (Spelling?) - a so-called bewitching powder dropped into soups or stews.
[modifica] L
- leff - leave / the direction known as left.
- lemme - let me
- less-noise - be silent.
- lick - hit
- lick-down / lick-dung - hit by a car...
- lick-mout - "Talk too much"
- lickrish - adj. to be greedy for food
- lime / liming - to hang-out, chill, or relax somewhere with others.
- like peas- adj. lots of something ex: licks like peas
- lil bit - for a little while ex: Ah gine up de gap lil bit
- lillit tongue - the clitoris
- line - a clothes line, or a series of houses in a row along a street.
- long-side - next to
- lookuh - look
- lower-down that - to turn down, usually the volume or the fire on the stove.
[modifica] M
- mum - relatively outdated term used for mom/grandma
- merr/murr - mother
- yuh murr - (An insult) like saying "your mother!"
- yuh mahda- (An insult) Like saying "your mother!"
- mashup - to break, deconstruct or destroy.
- mek sport- to joke/kid around
- (you) mekin' sport - "your joking, big time!"
- mawfrie - a person who has both female and male parts, a hermaphrodite
- mek - make
- meeting turn - a historical form of "banking" that Barbadians did. It works like an office lottery that rotates to a different person every week. Everyone puts in money (i.e. $50) then every week a different person gets their turn to "take home" the full collection. Each person gets to take home the collection once per each cycle. It forces people to save money. Also known as su-su(spelling?)
- moppa-ton/mobba-ton - a really excessive amount
- muh - me
- malicious - to be inquisitive/nosy
- mofuhme - Need more for myself
- mout - mouth
- mussie/mussy - maybe, perhaps or probably
[modifica] N
- naani - adj. to be nasty
- nek - to perform oral sex on a male
- never-see, come-see - over-exaggeration (from Trin-bago)
- ning-ning - tired/sleepy eyes.
- nucka-doggy' - little penis...
- nuff - a lot of...
- nuh / nuh? - "Yes?, Do you follow/understad what I'm saying"(Used Like Canadian "eh-?" or Australian "Aye-?"
- nutsi - the vagina
- nuxi - the vagina
- nuccie - the vagina
- nukie - the vagina
- nuk nuk - the vagina
- nuse - to use
- nyam - to eat [from Twi Nnyam]
[modifica] O
- obeah - Witchcraft/Black Magic/sorcery of West African origin similar to 'voodoo'. [from Twi Obi]
- obzocky - to be weird looking or misshapen
- oh lordie (my goodness, gracious me) - "but, can you believe that?"
- Ol' haag - a vampire woman.
- onneat - to be under
- onstan - to understand
- opiten - v. to open
- opnumin - to open
- opunit - to open
- out-it-out - turn off the light.
- ovadayso/outdayso - over there
[modifica] P
- pukaluka - female genitalia
- pailing - the zinc-metal galvanising used for walls of the yard, or roof of the house.
- pan - steelpan
- parro - a crack-head, someone so addicted to drugs that it often causes them to lose their valuables and belongings and live on the streets.
- pelttin-waist - to dance
- pickney - a child
- pick-pick - the penis
- picture - TV show/programme
- piece a' iron - rhythmic metel beating. (usually using the metal part of a car's break disc.)
- pipe - faucet
- plaster for every sore - excuse for every situation
- playing de' fool - acting annoying
- playing mas - par-taking in a Carnival festival event in the streets.
- pokey / poki - the vagina
- pon - on top / place 'upon
- pon'-top-of - more, after the first set. (ex. "Importing a car seems like the government charging we tax, pon-top of tax, pon-top of tax.")
- pooch / puche - the buttocks
- pop - any kind of soda tonic
- poppit - an idiot
- pot-starver - a skinny dog (with ribs showing)
- puhp - faeces / to stool
- pull-up! / pull-up-dat! - That song is nice! Play it from the beginning again.
- punarka - the vagina
- plug-it-out - to unplug from a socket
- poochlicka - someone who is yes person
- punch that one - play that song, or turn up that song more.
- pussy - an idiot or referring to a female's vagina
- poop - to fart
[modifica] R
- ragga - slang for Jamaican sounding-accent.
- raise up - to make the volume on the radio/TV louder
- ram - "smell bad" or "huge-party" / adj. to be full or crowded
- ramoff - adj. to be full or crowded
- rangate- [An Exclamation] (When pronuncing, the first syllable is extended so that it is long and slow to sound like "raaaaaaaaaaan--gate")[Vulgar] e.g. "Wa de Raaangate!"
- rasshole - as a noun to mean idiot...as a verb to mean to do foolishness. (When pronouncing, there is maximum emphasis on the first syllable so that it sounds like "raaaahhh-sole!")[Vulgar]
- redman - a brown or light-skinned negro
- red-leg - a poor Caucasian (usually from the eastern parish of St. John) [can be used as derogatory term]
- red-skin ting - description or to get the attention of a good looking female.
- roundabout - a traffic rotary
- rubbatail - n. a homosexual male
- rucka-tuk - awful noise, sound, or commotion
- rumfle-up / ramful-up wrinkled v. Usually refers to items (previously neat) e.g. Clothing, a bed, hairdo (girls) ( used with some aggitation)"You gone and rumfle-up my hair!
- run de route - let us go
[modifica] S
- safe - fresco, ok, buono
- sail - To throw at something/someone (ex. "I gon' let this sail right cross da' wicket.")
- schuupse / scrhuspe / stupse - to suck ones teeth in exclamation (also done by Nigerians)
- scotch-it - wedge/place something in a tight area
- scotch-round - move, give me space
- sea-bath - nuotare
- sea cat - calamaro
- sea eggs - sea urchins
- she-she - un maschio gay / una transessuale
- shite - merda
- shrims - gamberetto
- shunna' foot - Someone with bad ankles / flat feet.
- site-ok, to agree with something said
- size roun - to go around
- skank - a low classed female
- sket - a very promiscuous female
- skettel - a very promiscuous female
- skinning your teeth - grinning, smiling or laughing.
- sky-larke - to play the fool
- sieve / sive - a food strainer
- spry - to force or pull (ex. doan bother-to spry open those curtains...)
- soft - to be shy or afraid
- stan' pipe - a public water-faucet that used to be in every community of Barbados.
- stop - "stay" or "is located" (ex. "It's down by where da' house stop.")
- stop-cock - faucet
- stupse - verb - to suck on one's teeth in disgust. Expressive action.
- suck-a-bubbi - noun - a coolaid sold by a vendor[usually an old woman]
- su-su - see meeting turn.
- sweety - dolcetto
- sweet-drinks - any kind of soda-tonic
- sweet-fuh-days - it is, or will be really, really, really nice good/fun
[modifica] T
- tapered / tehpuhrd - a homosexual male
- too-nuff - very much
- too sweet - real nice.
- to-besides - I agree and in addition to that...
- trouble - To interfere/bother/harass/pickup/take/disturb (ex. "Don't trouble those cookies", "Don't trouble my coat over there")
- trunck - to perform anal sex on a female
- tacklings - your belongings
- toot-moon kyah - any, and everybody. "listen, doan you have every toot-moon kyah in my house you know."
- tukalacka - vagina
- turning bewitch - becoming crazy
- turning foolish - becoming forgetful
- turrofare - n. a promiscuous female
- tings - things
[modifica] U
- uh??? - scusa?
- umpteenth - a whole lot
- unnit'do - to undo ex: unnit'do daa ting
[modifica] V
- veranda - a special porch for showing off.
- vise - v. capire
[modifica] W
- walking-bout - running errands, going about ones' business.
- wall-house - a house predominantly made of cement
- way - dove
- whax-palax - a hard hit.
- whax-palax-bruggadown-brax - a hard hit and fall
- when you hear the shout - you've just got to hear what happens next.
- wick - to engage in sexual intercourse with a fellow female
- wicka - lesbica
- bajan-wine - a dance done by gyrating one's waistline around, but with one-leg doing the (Jamaican)butterfly dance.
- who-so, don't like-so - A hypocrite never likes when another person does the same thing
- wine - same as Bajan-wine but done without moving legs, stomach or chest/upper body. The goal is to show off body flexability/limberness.)
- woi! - (an exclamation) "WOW!" / "OH MY GOODNESS!"
- wuck / wok - lavoro
- wufless - svalutato, terribile, non buono
- wuh - come?
- wuh-law / wuh-loss - (an exclamation)
- wuk-up - a dance done by gyrating one's waistline, with heavy emphasis on the forward and backward motions.
- wunna - you all [from Twi unu]
[modifica] Y
- yuh - tu
- yam / yahm - mangiare [from Twi Nnyam]
- yampi - the mucous in the corner of ones eye.
- yonder - over there (eg. I gine out yonder)
- you all-right, where you is - you have some false-sense of comfort, you think you don't have to worry about anything? Just wait...
- you wait! - listen, I'm going to deal with you harshly in a minute.
- Yuh-right! - "How observant!", or I agree and you were fully correct in doing (that).
- Yuh-shooting - your high-water pants are too short. "Aye man, yuh pants shooting."
- yute - a youth/ child/ offspring
[modifica] Z
- ZR - "Zed-R" - a private-owned route taxi (So named because of the license plates beginning with "ZR")
