John Irving

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John Irving

Born:	March 2, 1942 Exeter, New Hampshire
Occupation:	novelist, screenwriter
Influences:	Charles Dickens, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Günter Grass

John Winslow Irving (born March 2, 1942 as John Wallace Blunt, Jr.) is a bestselling American novelist and Academy Award-winning screenwriter.

Irving achieved critical and popular acclaim after the international success of The World According to Garp in 1978. All of Irving's novels, such as The Cider House Rules and A Prayer for Owen Meany, have been bestsellers and many have been made into movies. He also won the 2000 Best Adapted Screenplay Academy Award for his script The Cider House Rules.

Contents 1 Career 2 Other projects 3 Recent 4 Bibliography 5 Quotes 6 External links

[edit] Career

Irving's career began at the age of 26 with the publication of his first novel, Setting Free the Bears. The novel was reasonably well reviewed, but failed to garner much of an audience. In the late 1960s he studied with Kurt Vonnegut at the University of Iowa Writers' Workshop. His second and third novels, The Water-Method Man and The 158-Pound Marriage, were similarly received. At around this time, in 1975, Irving accepted a position as Assistant Professor of English at Mount Holyoke College.

Frustrated at the lack of promotion his novels were garnering from his first publisher, Random House, Irving chose to offer his fourth novel, The World According to Garp (1978), to Dutton, which promised him a stronger marketing push. The novel went on to become a massive international bestseller and cultural phenomenon, and was a finalist for the American Book Award (now the National Book Award) for hardcover fiction in 1979 (the award went to Tim O'Brien for Going After Cacciato). Garp won the National Book Foundation's award for paperback fiction the following year. Garp was later made into a film directed by George Roy Hill and starring Robin Williams in the title role and Glenn Close as his mother; it garnered several Academy Award nominations, including nominations for Close and John Lithgow. Irving makes a brief cameo in the film as an official in one of Garp's high school wrestling matches. Irving also has a cameo appearance in the film version of The Cider House Rules as a train station agent.

Garp transformed Irving from an obscure, academic literary writer to a household name, guaranteeing bestseller status for all of his subsequent books. The first of these was The Hotel New Hampshire (1981), which sold well despite being poorly received by critics and, like Garp, was quickly made into a film, this time directed by Tony Richardson and starring Jodie Foster, Rob Lowe, and Beau Bridges.

In 1985 Irving published The Cider House Rules, a sprawling epic centered around a Maine orphanage. Its central topic is abortion, and the novel is perhaps the most obvious example of Charles Dickens' influence on Irving's writing. Irving followed it in 1989 with A Prayer for Owen Meany, another New England family epic centered around themes of religiousness. Again, the main setting is a New England boarding school, and inspirations for the characters can be found in many of Irving's influences, including The Tin Drum by Günter Grass, The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne, and the works of Dickens. In Owen Meany, Irving for the first time examined the consequences of the Vietnam War - particularly mandatory conscription, which Irving avoided since he was already a married father and a teacher when the draft was instituted. Owen Meany became Irving's bestselling book since Garp, and is now a frequent feature on high school English reading lists.

Irving returned to Random House for his next book, A Son of the Circus (1995). Arguably his most complicated and difficult book, it was dismissed by critics but became a national bestseller on the strength of Irving's reputation for fashioning literate, engrossing page-turners. Irving returned to better form in 1998 with A Widow for One Year, which was named a New York Times Notable Book.

In 1999, after nearly ten years in development, Irving's screenplay for The Cider House Rules was made into a film directed by Lasse Hallström, starring Michael Caine, Tobey Maguire, Charlize Theron, and Delroy Lindo. The film was nominated for several Academy Awards, including Best Picture, and earned Irving an Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay.

The Fourth Hand, was published in 2001; savaged by critics, it nevertheless became a bestseller. A Sound Like Someone Trying Not to Make a Sound, a children's story originally included in A Widow for One Year, was published as a book with illustrations by Tatjana Hauptmann in 2004. Irving's most recent novel, entitled Until I Find You, was released on July 12, 2005.

On June 28, 2005, The New York Times published an article [1] revealing that Until I Find You contains two specifically personal elements about his life that he has never before discussed publicly: his sexual abuse at age 11 by an older woman, and the recent entrance in his life of his biological father's family.

[edit] Other projects

Since the publication of "Garp" made him independently wealthy, Irving has been able to concentrate solely on fiction writing as a vocation, sporadically accepting short-term teaching positions (including one at his alma mater, the Iowa Writers' Workshop) and serving as an assistant coach on his sons' high school wrestling teams. In addition to his novels, he has also published Trying to Save Piggy Sneed, a collection of his writings including a brief memoir and unpublished short fiction, My Movie Business, an account of the protracted process of bringing The Cider House Rules to the big screen, and The Imaginary Girlfriend, a short memoir focusing on writing and wrestling.

[edit] Recent

In recent years, his three most highly regarded novels, The World According to Garp, The Cider House Rules, and A Prayer for Owen Meany, have been published in Modern Library editions. Owen Meany was adapted into a children's film, Simon Birch (Irving disowned this adaptation, going so far as to request that all of the characters' names be changed for the film version). In 2004, a portion of A Widow for One Year was adapted into The Door in the Floor, starring Jeff Bridges and Kim Basinger.

[edit] Bibliography

• Setting Free the Bears (1968)
• The Water-Method Man (1972)
• The 158-Pound Marriage (1974)
• The World According to Garp (1978)
• The Hotel New Hampshire (1981)
• The Cider House Rules (1985)
• A Prayer for Owen Meany (1989)
• Trying to Save Piggy Sneed (collection, 1993)
• A Son of the Circus (1994)
• A Widow for One Year (1998)
• My Movie Business (non-fiction, 2000)
• The Fourth Hand (2001)
• The Imaginary Girlfriend (non-fiction, 2002)
• A Sound Like Someone Trying Not to Make a Sound (2004)
• Until I Find You (2005)

[edit] Quotes

• "The building of the architecture of a novel-- the craft of it--is something I never tire of."

• "In this way, in increments both measurable and not, our childhood is stolen from us -- not always in one momentous event but often in a series of small robberies, which add up to the same loss."

[edit] External links

• Literary Encyclopedia
• 1985 and 1989 audio interviews of John Irving by Don Swaim
• John Irving at the Internet Movie Database
• InnerVIEWS with Ernie Manouse: John Irving (TV Interview)
• John Irving Is God (many informations, including large bibliography)

Persondata
NAME	Irving, John
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Irving, John Winslow
SHORT DESCRIPTION	American novelist and screenwriter
DATE OF BIRTH	March 2, 1942
PLACE OF BIRTH	Exeter, New Hampshire
DATE OF DEATH
PLACE OF DEATH