ミンハーグ
出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
ミンハーグ（מִנהָג minhāgh "Custom", Minhag, pl. minhāghīm）とは、容認された伝統（accepted tradition）とか、伝統の集合体（group of traditions）を示すヘブライ語であり、聖書やラビ文学に起源がなく、地域社会で発生したものも多い。
関連するコンセプトにヌッサフ נֻסַּח Nusach、ノーサフ נֹסַחといったものがあり、これは礼拝の形のこと。
例えば、ヨーム・キップールの前夜におけるアシュケナジム系のカッパーロート（カッパーラー、鶏を供える）は聖書における古代の習慣が形を変えて発生したミンハーグの一種である。
ミンハーグはハラーハーの学者から非難を受けた歴史もあった。
[編集] ヌッサフ
"Nusach", although usually used as above, also has implications as regards "community minhagim" in general; the main segments of traditional Judaism, as differentiated in terms of Nusach (broadly and narrowly) are:
- Minhag Sefarad: in general refers to the various Sephardi liturgies, but also to obligation/permissibility of Kabbalistic elements within the rite.
- Minhag Edot hamizrach: is more or less influenced by the Sephardi minhag.
- Nusach Teiman: Can be subdivided into:
- Minhag Italiani
- Nusach Ashkenaz: the general Ashkenazi rite of non-Chasidim. Can be subdivided into:
- Minhag Ashkenaz
- Minhag Polin
- Nusach Sfard or Nusach ARI (Ashkenazi ハシディズム rite, heavily influenced by the teachings of Sephardi Kabbalists)
[編集] 外部リンクと資料案内
英語版の参考文献
- Custom, jewishencyclopedia.com
- The Rules of Halacha, Rabbi Aryeh Kaplan
- Minhag: A Custom with the Status of Law, jewfaq.org
- Customs (Minhagim), nishmat.net
資料案内
- ラビ文学
- Minhagei Maharil, Rabbi Yaakov ben Moshe Levi Moelin (Maharil), 1556.
- "Sefer HaMinhagim" (Hebrew Fulltext, PDF) Rabbi Isaac Tyrnau, 1566.
- "Ta'amei HaMinhagim", Rabbi A. I. Sperling, 1896; translation: "Reasons for Jewish customs and traditions". Bloch Pub. Co 1968. ISBN 081970184X
- 総体
- "Sefer HaMinhagim", Rabbis M. Greenglass and Y. Groner, 1966; translation: “The Book of Chabad-Lubavitch Customs”. Sichos In English Pub. 1998. ISBN 0826605559 [1]
- "The Minhagim: The Customs and Ceremonies of Judaism, Their Origins and Rationale", Rabbi Abraham Chill. Sepher Hermon 1978. ISBN 0872030776
- "The Biblical and Historical Background of Jewish Customs and Ceremonies", Rabbi Abraham Bloch. Ktav 1978. ISBN 0870683381
- "Jewish Book of Why", Rabbi Alfred Kolatch. Jonathan David 1995. ISBN 0824603141
- "To Be a Jew: A Guide to Jewish Observance in Contemporary Life", Rabbi Hayim Donin. Basic Books 1991. ISBN 0465086322
- "The Complete Book of Jewish Observance", Rabbi Leo Trepp. Behrman House Publishing 1980. ISBN 0671417975
