Kneiphof
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Kneiphof (Polish: Knipawa; Russian: Кнайпхоф) was one of three towns in the Monastic State of the Teutonic Knights that became the city of Königsberg, now Kaliningrad. Kneiphof was originally Knypabe (Kneip-ape), meaning 'area flushed by water' (surrounded by a stream or river [ape]) in Old Prussian.
Kneiphof rebelled against the Teutonic Knights in 1454 at the beginning of the Thirteen Years' War and acknowledged the temporary sovereignty of King Casimir IV Jagiellon of Poland, but it surrendered without Polish assistance. The last Prussian town loyal to the Polish king, Kneiphof was regained after a long siege by Teutonic Knights commanded by Heinrich Reuß von Plauen on June 14, 1455.
Kneiphof became part of the Duchy of Prussia after the Teutonic Order's Prussian branch was secularized in 1525. The town was united with Königsberg in 1724. The territory was conquered by the Soviet Union and became the Kaliningrad Oblast following World War II in 1945.
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