McGeorge Bundy
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McGeorge "Mac" Bundy (March 30, 1919–September 16, 1996) was United States National Security Advisor to Presidents Kennedy and Johnson from 1961–1966, and was president of the Ford Foundation from 1966–1979. He was also a member of the well-connected Skull and Bones secret society at Yale University.
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[edit] Early life
Raised in Boston, Massachusetts he came from a prominent, wealthy family long involved in politics. His mother, Katherine Lawrence Putnam, was a child of two Boston Brahmin families listed in the social register. His father, Harvey Hollister Bundy, was from Grand Rapids, Michigan and was a diplomat who helped implement the Marshall Plan. McGeorge attended both the Groton School and Yale University one year behind his brother William Bundy.
[edit] Public positions
In 1949, Bundy took on a project at the Council on Foreign Relations in New York to study Marshall Plan aid to Europe. The study group included such later luminaries as Dwight Eisenhower, Allen Dulles, Richard Bissell and George Kennan. The group's deliberations were sensitive and thus highly secret, dealing as they were with the highly classified fact that there was a CIA covert side to the Marshall Plan, siphoning unvouchered funds to aid anti-communist causes in France and Italy.[1]
He was one of Kennedy's "wise men", a noted professor of government—although not a PhD—at Harvard University. He was appointed the youngest Dean of the Faculty at Harvard. He moved into public life in 1961 becoming national security advisor. He played a crucial role in all of the major foreign policy and defense decisions of the Kennedy and part of the Johnson administration. These included the Bay of Pigs Invasion, the Cuban Missile Crisis, and, most controversially, the Vietnam War. From 1964 he was Chairman of the 303 Committee, responsible for coordinating government covert operations.[2]
He was a strong proponent for participating in Vietnam early in his tenure. He supported escalating the American involvement and the bombing of North Vietnam. He later came to strongly regret the decision, one of the first administration members to do so. He spent much of the rest of his career trying to understand how he and so many others had made such a terrible mistake.
He left government in 1966 to take over as president of the Ford Foundation, a position he held until 1979. Some critics such as Kai Bird have suggested that the Ford Foundation may not have been independent of U.S. government foreign policy during that period (see The Color of Truth).
From 1979 to 1989, he was Professor of History at New York University. He was scholar-in-residence at the Carnegie Corporation from 1990–1996.
His brother William Bundy was also a foreign policy figure during the Vietnam War.
[edit] See also
[edit] Further reading
- Bird, Kai. The Color of Truth: McGeorge and William Bundy, Brothers in Arms: A Biography. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1998. ISBN 0684809702.
- Bundy, McGeorge. Danger and Survival: Choices about the Bomb in the First Fifty Years. New York: Vintage Books, 1988. ISBN 0394522788.
- Bundy, McGeorge. "The Issue Before the Court: Who Gets Ahead in America?", The Atlantic Monthly 240, no. 5 (November 1977), pp. 41–54.
- Halberstam, David. "The Very Expensive Education of McGeorge Bundy". Harper's Magazine 239, no. 1430 (July 1969), pp. 21–41.
- Gardner, Lloyd. "Harry Hopkins with Hand Grenades? McGeorge Bundy in the Kennedy and Johnson Years", in Behind the Throne: Servants of Power to Imperial Presidents, 1898–1968, ed. by Thomas J. McCormick and Walter LaFeber. Madison: University of Wisonsin Press, 1993. pp. 204–229. ISBN 0299137406.
- Nünlist, Christian. Kennedys rechte Hand: McGeorge Bundys Einfluss als Nationaler Sicherheitsberater auf die amerikanische Aussenpolitik, 1961–63. Zurich: Center for Security Studies, 1999. ISBN 3905641615.
- Preston, Andrew. The War Council: McGeorge Bundy, the NSC, and Vietnam. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2006. ISBN 0674021983.
[edit] Notes
- ^ Covert CIA side to the Marshall Plan - see Kai Bird, The Color of Truth: McGeorge and William Bundy, Brothers in Arms: A Biography. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1998, (p.106)
- ^ Miller, James E. (2001). Foreign Relations, 1964–1968 Volume XII. United States Government Printing Office.
[edit] External links
- McGeorge Bundy at Harvard
- Interview about the Cuban Missile Crisis for the WGBH series, War and Peace in the Nuclear Age
- Biography of McGeorge Bundy (in German)
- Review of biography of brothers William and McGeorge Bundy
- McGeorge Bundy headed the Ford Foundation from 1966–1979
- point of view of Nuremberg trial prosecutor Telford Taylor on McGeorge Bundy
- Pentagon papers: Telegram From the Ambassador in Vietnam (Lodge) to McGeorge Bundy on US Options With Respect to a Possible Coup, mentioning the term "plausible denial" Alternative link: Pentagon papers, Telegram 216, same cable
- Annotated bibliography for McGeorge Bundy from the Alsos Digital Library for Nuclear Issues
| Preceded by Gordon Gray |
United States National Security Advisor 1961–1966 |
Succeeded by Walt Rostow |
| National Security Advisors of the United States |  |
|---|---|
| Cutler • Anderson • Jackson • Cutler • Gray • Bundy • Rostow • Kissinger • Scowcroft • Brzezinski • Allen • Clark • McFarlane • Poindexter • Carlucci • Powell • Scowcroft • Lake • Berger • Rice • Hadley |
