Islam di Bulgaria

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Sebahagian kecil daripada siri Islam mengikut negara

Islam di Afrika

Afrika Selatan• Algeria• Angola• Bendi• Botswana• Burkdia Faso• Burundi• Cameroon• Cape Verde• Chad• Comoros• Djibouti• Equatorial Gudiea• Eritrea• Ethiopia• Gabon• Gambia• Ghana• Gudiea• Gudiea-Bissau• Ivory Coast (Côte d'Ivoire)• Kenya• Lesotho• Liberia• Libya• Madagascar• Maghribi• Malawi• Mali• Mauritania• Mauritius• Mesir• Mozambique• Namibia• Mesir• Niger• Nigeria• Republik  Afrika Tengah• Republik Congo• Republik  Demokratik  Congo• Rwanda• Sahara Barat (Republik Demokratik Arab  Sahara)• São Tomé dan Príncipe• Senegal• Seychelles• Sierra Leone• Somalia• Sudan• Swaziland• Tanzania• Togo• Tunisia• Uganda• Zambia• Zimbabwe

Islam di Asia

Afghanistan• Arab Saudi• Armenia• Azerbaijan• Bahrain• Bangladesh• Bhutan• Brunei• China (Republik China (Hong Kong• Macau)• (Taiwan)• Cyprus• Emiriah Arab Bersatu• Filipina• Georgia• India• Indonesia• Iran• Iraq• Israel (Lihat juga Wilayah Palestin)• Jepun• Jordan• Kazakhstan• Kemboja• Korea (Korea Utara• Korea  Selatan)• Kuwait• Kyrgyzstan• Laos• Lebanon• Malaysia• Maldives• Mongolia• Myanmar• Nepal• Oman• Pakistan• Qatar• Rusia• Singapura• Sri Lanka• Syria• Tajikistan• Thailand• Timor  Timur• Turkmenistan• Uzbekistan• Vietnam• Yemen

Islam di Eropah

Albania• Andorra• Armenia• Austria• Azerbaijan• Belanda• Belarus• Belgium• Bosnia dan Herzegovdia• Bulgaria• Croatia• Cyprus• Denmark• Estonia• Finland• Georgia• Jerman• Hungary• Iceland• Ireland• Itali• Kazakhstan• Kota  Vatican Latvia• Liechtenstedi• Lithuania• Luxembourg Malta• Moldova• Monaco• Montenegro• Norway• Perancis• Poland• Portugal• Republik   Czech• Republik Macedonia• Romania• Russia• San Marino• Serbia• Slovakia• Slovenia• Sepanyol• Sweden• Switzerland• Turki• Ukraine• United Kingdom• Yunani•

Islam di Amerika Utara dan Islam di Amerika Selatan

Argentina• Bolivia• Brazil• Chile• Colombia• Ecuador• Guyana• Panama• Paraguay• Peru• Surdiame• Trinidad   dan  Tobago• Uruguay• Venezuela• Amerika Syarikat Antigua dan Barbuda• Bahamas• Barbados• Belize• Costa Rica• Cuba• Dominica• El Salvador• Grenada• Guatemala• Haiti• Honduras• Jamaika• Kanada• Mexico• Nicaragua• Panama• Republik   Dominica• Saint Kitts dan Nevis• Saint Lucia• Saint Vincent dan Grenadines•

Islam di Oceania

Australia Australia• Pulau  Christmas(Keris Mas)• Pulau  Cocos(Keeling) Pulau   Norfolk• Melanesia Fiji• Kepulauan   Solomon• New Caledonia• Papua New Gudiea• Timor Timur• Vanuatu Micronesia Guam• Kiribati• Kepulauan Mariana   Utara• Kepulauan   Marshall• Nauru• Palau• Persekutuan  Negara  Micronesia Polynesia American Samoa• Kepulauan Cook• New Zealand• Niue• Pitcairn• Polynesia Perancis• Samoa• Tokelau• Tonga• Tuvalu• Wallis dan Futuna Kotak ini: view • bincang • sunting

Banya Bashi mosque, built in 1576 by the great Ottoman architect Sinan, is the only functioning mosque that remains of 500 years of Ottoman domination in Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria

Penduduk Muslim Bulgaria, termasuk Turki, Muslim Bulgaria, Pomak, Roma, dan Tatar Crimea, tinggal pada utamanya di northeastern Bulgaria dan di Pergunungan Rhodope. Menurut Banci 2001, the total number of Muslims in the country stood at 966,978, corresponding to 12.2% of the population. According to the criterion of ethnic group they were divided into the following groups:

• Turki - 713,000;
• Orang Bulgaria - 131,000;
• Roma - 103,000;
• Lainnya - 20,000;

Most of the Bulgarian Muslims are Muslim Sunnah Waljamaah oleh kerana Islam Sunnah Waljamaah adalah bentuk Islam yang diprerkenalkan oleh Ottoman Turks sewaktu pemerintahan lima abad Bulgaria mereka (lihat Sejarah Bulgaria). Shi'a sects such as the Alians, Kizilbashi and the Bektashi also are present, however. About 80,000 Shi'a Muslims live mainly in the Razgrad, Sliven and Tutrakan (northeast of Rousse) regions. They are mainly descendants of Bulgarians who converted to Islam to avoid Ottoman persecution but chose a Shi'a sect because of its greater tolerance toward different national and religious customs. For example, Kuzulbashi Bulgarians could maintain the Orthodox customs of communion, confession, and honoring saints. This integration of Orthodox customs into Islam gave rise to a type of syncretism found only in Bulgaria.

As of 1987, Muslims in Bulgaria had 1,267 mosques served by 533 khodzhai, or religious community leaders. The Muslim hierarchy was headed by one chief mufti and eight regional muftis, interpreters of Muslim law, all of whom served five-year terms. The largest mosque in Bulgaria was the Tumbul Mosque in Shumen, built in 1744.

Bulgarian Muslims were subject to particular persecution in the later years of the Todor Zhivkov regime. This was partly because the Orthodox Church traditionally considered them foreigners, even if they were ethnically Bulgarian. The Bulgarian communist regimes declared traditional Muslim beliefs to be diametrically opposed to communist and Bulgarian beliefs. This justified repression of Muslim beliefs and consolidation of Muslim into the larger society as part of the class and ideological struggle.

Like the practitioners of the other faiths, Muslims in Bulgaria enjoyed greater religious freedom after the fall of the Zhivkov regime (1989). New mosques were built in many cities and villages; one village built a new church and a new mosque side by side. Some villages organized Qur'an study courses for young people (study of the Qur'an had been completely forbidden under Zhivkov). Muslims also began publishing their own newspaper, Musulmani, in both Bulgarian and Turkish.

[sunting] Muslim di Bulgaria menurut kumpulan etnik mereka

• Turki (612,818)
• Bulgarian Gypsies (112,495)
• Millets (77,712)
• Pomaks (71,978)
• Balkan Gypsies (23,298)
• Bulgarians (18,623)
• Crimean Tatars (5,800)
• Arabs (4,710)
• Eastern Bulgarian Gypsies (2,456)
• Vlach Gypsies (1,463)
• Macedonians (1,020)
• Albanians (876)
• Circassians (512)
• Kurds (190)

Sumber:- http://www.joshuaproject.net

[sunting] Lihat pula

• Islam mengikut negara
• Muslim Bulgaria
• Pomak
• Orang Turki di Bulgaria

[sunting] Rujukan

• Rencana ini mengandungi bahan daripada Kajian Negara Perpustakaan Kongres yang merupakan terbitan kerajaan Amerika Syarikat di domain awam.