Operation Joshua
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Operation Joshua was the 1985 removal of 800 Ethiopian Jews (called Beta Israel) from Sudan to Israel.
George H. W. Bush, Vice-President of the United States at the time, arranged a CIA-sponsored follow-up mission to Operation Moses, which had brought 8000 people to Israel. Under Operation Joshua, an additional 800 were flown out of Sudan to Israel. But in the following five years, a virtual stalemate occurred in the emigration of Ethiopian Jewry. All efforts on behalf of the Beta Israel fell on the closed ears of Mengistu Haile Mariam's dictatorship. The transfer only resumed in 1991 in Operation Solomon after Mengistu lost control.
It is alleged that Mengistu lost control in the country with help from Israel and the CIA in retribution to his refusal to allow the Beta Israel Jews of Ethiopia to relocate.[citation needed]
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