Romanization of Greek

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This table lists several transcription schemes from the Greek alphabet to the Latin alphabet.

Greek	Traditional	Scientific	Beta code	BGN/PCGN	UN/ELOT	Greeklish
Greek	Classical Greek			Modern Greek
α	a	a	A	a	a	a
β	b	b	B	v	v	b,v
γ	g	g	G	g, y¹	g	g,y
δ	d	d	D	dh, d²	d	d,dh
ε	e	e	E	e	e	e
ζ	z	z, dz	Z	z	z	z,s
η	e	ē	H	i	i	h,i,n
θ	th	th	Q	th	th	th,u,8,9,0,q
ι	i	i	I	i	i	i
κ	c	k	K	k	k	k,c
λ	l	l	L	l	l	l
μ	m	m	M	m	m	m
ν	n	n	N	n	n	n,v
ξ	x	x	C	x	x	ks, 3, x, j
ο	o	o	O	o	o	o
π	p	p	P	p	p	p,n
ρ	r, rh³	r, rh³	R	r	r	r,p
σ ς	s	s	S	s⁴	s	s,6,w
τ	t	t	T	t	t	t,7
υ	y	u	U	i	y	y,u,i
φ	ph	ph	F	f	f	f,ph
χ	ch	ch	X	kh	ch	ch,x,h
ψ	ps	ps	Y	ps	ps	ps,y
ω	o	ō	W	o	o	w,o,v
Vowel combinations¹¹
αι	ae, e	ai	AI	e	ai	ai,e
αυ	au	au	AU	av	av⁵, af⁶	ay,au,af,av
ει	i	ei	EI	i	ei	ei,i
ευ	eu	eu	EU	ev	ev⁵, ef⁶	ey,eu,ef,ev
ηυ	eu	ēu	HU	iv	iv⁵, if⁶	hy,hu,if,iv
οι	oe, e	oi	OI	i	oi	oi,i
ου	u	ou	OU	u	ou	ou,u,oy
υι	ui	ui	UI	i	yi	yi,gi,i
Consonant combinations
γγ	ng	ng	GG	ng	ng	gg,gk,ng
γξ	nx	nx	GC	nx	nx	gks,gx
γκ	nc	nk	GK	g⁷, ng⁸	gk	gk
γχ	nch	nch	GX	nkh	nch	nx,nch
μπ	mp	mp	MP	b⁷, mb⁸	b⁷, mp⁸	mp,b,mb
ντ	nt	nt	NT	d⁷, nd⁸	nt	nt,d,nd
Modifiers (only classical Greek)
̔	h⁹	h⁹	(	(spiritus asper)
̓	none	none	)	(spiritus lenis)
ͅ	i?	i?	\|	(iota subscript)¹⁰
Obsolete letters
ϝ	w		V
ϙ	q		#3
ϛ	st		#2
ϻ	s, ś		#711
ϡ	ss		#5
ϸ

Notes:

before αι, ε, ει, η, ι, οι, υ, υι.
between ν and ρ.
with spiritus asper.
sometimes doubled between vowels (ex. Larissa).
before β, γ, δ, ζ, λ, μ, ν, ρ and vowels.
before θ, κ, ξ, π, σ, τ, φ, χ, ψ and at the end of a word.
at the beginning of a word.
in the middle of a word.
on vowel: h before the vowel; on ρ: rh.
under long vowels.
except when there is a diaeresis ( ¨ ) on the second vowel

[edit] Diacritics

Ancient Greek was a polytonic language. Through the ages, the tone system has been simplified, leaving most of the diacritics (including spiritus asper and spiritus lenis) meaningless. In 1982, monotonic orthography was officially introduced for modern Greek. The only diacritics that remain are the acute accent (indicating stress) and the diaeresis (indicating that two consecutive vowels should not be combined). The acute accent and the diaeresis are kept in both the BGN/PCGN and the UN/ELOT romanization systems. There is one exception: in the vowel combinations αυ, ευ and ηυ the accent moves from the υ (that becomes v or f) to the preceding vowel.