Siege of Jinju (1592)
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| Siege of Jinju (1592) | |
|---|---|
| Hangul: |
진주대첩
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| Hanja: |
晋州大捷
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| Revised Romanization: | Jinju Daecheop |
| McCune-Reischauer: | Chinchu Taech'ŏp |
| Siege of Jinju | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of Imjin War | |||||||
 This image has an uncertain copyright status and is pending deletion. You can comment on the removal. The Koreans returning fire with arrows and cannonballs at the height of the battle. A Japanese siege tower can be seen in the distance. |
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| Combatants | |||||||
| Japanese army | Korean army,citizens | ||||||
| Commanders | |||||||
| Hosokawa Tadaoki | Kim Shi-Min†, Kwak Jae woo | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| 30,000 soldiers | 3,800 soldiers,and citizens | ||||||
| Casualties | |||||||
| Unknown | Unknown | ||||||
| Hideyoshi's Invasions |
|---|
| Busan – Tadaejin – Tongnae – Sangju – Ch'ungju – Okpo – 1st Sacheon – Imjin River – Dangpo – Danghangp – Hansando – Pyongyang – Chonju – Haejongchang – Busan – Jinju – Pyeongyang – Uiryong – Byokchekwan – Haengju – Jinju – Pusan – Chilchonryang – Namwon – Myeongnyang – Ulsan – 2nd Sacheon – Noryang Point |
Jinju castle (진주성; 晋州城) was the site of two battles during the Imjin War; the first in 1592, and the second in 1593. The first battle of Jinju along with the Battle of Hansan Island and the Battle of Haengju are regarded as the three most important battles of the Imjin War. The second battle of Jinju was not as successful, and it fell to the Japanese.
Contents |
[edit] Prelude
Jinju castle was an important castle that guarded Cholla province. Ukita Hideie and Hosokawa Tadaoki agreed on taking Jinju castle because if the Japanese captured it, it would open up a new road to Cholla, and they would be able to attack Kwak Jae woo's guerilla forces hiding in the area. Cholla was also place for plenty of loot. Ukita also agreed to recapture Ch'angwŏn, a small fortress that led to Jinju castle. Therefore, an army of 20,000 men to recapture Ch'angwŏn and Jinju set out.
[edit] Ch'angwŏn
The general at Ch'angwŏn placed his army at a hill awaiting the Japanese. Arquebuses played a strong role again and the Koreans were cut down by the bullets. Ch'angwŏn was recaptured. The Koreans retreated to Haman, another castle, which fell to the Japanese as well. After this, the Koreans were forced to run to Jinju castle.
[edit] Siege of Jinju
The Japanese heartily approached Jinju castle. They expected another easy victory at Jinju but the Korean general Kim Shi-Min defied the Japanese and stood firm with his 3,800 men. Again, the Koreans were outnumbered. Kim Shi-min had recently acquired around 170 arquebuses, equivalent to what the Japanese used. Kim Shi-min had them trained and believed he could defend Jinju.
The Japanese charged and began to bring ladders to scale the wall. They also brought a siege tower to try to gain the higher ground. As a counter, the Koreans unleashed massive volleys of cannons, arrows, and bullets. Surprised, Hosokawa tried another angle of approach by using his arquebuses to cover the soldiers scaling the wall. This still had no success because the Koreans ignored the bullets and smashed ladders with rocks and axes. When the Koreans began to lob mortars down at the Japanese, the Japanese began to lose even more men.
After three days of fighting, Kim Shi-min was hit by a bullet on the side of his head and fell, unable to command his forces. The Japanese commanders then pressed even harder on the Koreans to dishearten them. But the Koreans fought on. The Japanese soldiers were still unable to scale the walls even with heavy fire from arquebuses. The Koreans were not in a good position since Kim Shi-min was wounded and the garrison was now running low on ammunition.
[edit] Reinforcements
Kwak Jae woo, one of the main leaders of the irregular armies of Korea arrived at night with an extremely small band, not enough to relieve the Koreans at Jinju. Kwak ordered his men to grab attention by blowing on horns and making noises. About 3,000 guerrillas and irregular forces arrived at the scene. At this time, the Japanese commanders realized their danger and were forced to abandon the siege and retreated.
[edit] References
[edit] Aftermath
The irregular army was too small to relieve Jinju. But, the retreat of Japanese soldiers heartened the Koreans and the biggest thing earned from the siege was that the Korean morale was boosted greatly.
In 1593, Jinju would see another battle, but would fall to the Japanese.
