Talhah
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Talhah ibn Ubayd-Allah (Arabic: طلحة بن عبيدالله) (d.656) was a companion of Muhammad, best known for his role in the Battle of Uhud and the Battle of the Camel.
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[edit] Biography
[edit] Family
Talhah ibn Ubaydullah was a cousin of Abu Bakr. 'Amr bin Ka'b was the great grandfather of both of them. [1], so all of them were from the Banu Taym clan [2].
Among his wives was a Syrian Jew [3]
He was also extremely rich. According to al-Masudi, he made 1,000 dinars a day from his business ventures in Iraq, and his income from the region of ash-Sharah was more than that [4]. He also owned lots of real estate in Medina, and had a lot of servants [5]. Once he was rich, he gave all of income to charity[citation needed].
[edit] Early Life (597-610)
Assuming he died 64 years old, he was born in 597. [1]
[edit] Muhammad's era (610-632)
[edit] Mecca
Talha became a Muslim when he was 18 years old [6], and was one of the first Muslims. He was one of the very few residents of Mecca who could read and write at the advent of Islam. [1]
Assuming he was 64 years old when he died, and he became Muslim when he was 18, he became a Muslim in 615, or seven years before the Migration to Medina.
Nawfal ibn Khuwaylid at one time he bound Abu Bakr and Talha ibn Ubayd-Allah with a rope [7]. Due to this, those two became known as the "Al-Qareenayn", "the two tied together"[8].
Uthman bin 'Ubaydullah used beat him up mercilessly. He followed Muhammad during the Meccan boycott[1]
[edit] Medina
He brought the family of Abu Bakr to Madina after Hijrah (Migration). In Madina, he stayed with As'ad bin Zurarah who was among the first batch of converts from Madinah.[1]
He participated in all of the battles in which Muhammad participated personally with the exception of the battle of Badr Muhammad had sent him and Sa'id ibn Zayd to get information on the movement of the Quraysh army. They missed the Quraysh army and by the time they returned, the battle had been won by the Muslims. However, both of them were given their share of the war trophies) of the battle. [1]
Ali had killed his uncle; 'Umayr ibn 'Uthman, his brother Malik ibn 'Ubaydillah and his nephew 'Uthman ibn Malik in the battle of Badr [9].
He was included in the Battle of Uhud. A Sunni source elaborates:
[edit] Farewell Pilgrimage
He participiated in the Farewell Pilgrimage [1].
[edit] Abu Bakr's era (632–634)
Husain Mohammad Jafri, a 20th century Shi'a Islamic scholar writes:
[edit] Umar's era (634-644)
He was appointed by the second caliph, Umar ibn al-Khattab, to the council electing his successor, which led to the election of Uthman ibn 'Affan in 644.
[edit] Uthman's era (644–656)
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[edit] Ali's era (656–661)
He was amongst the group that unsuccessfully fought the fourth caliph, Ali ibn Abi Talib, in the Battle of the Camel in 656 C.E. to avenge the murder of the preceding caliph, Uthman. During the battle, on of his own soldiers named Marwan ibn Al-Hakam shot Talha with an arrow. He was taken aside and died later of his wound [12].
He became 64 years old. [1]
[edit] Legacy
He has a son named Muhammad ibn Talha from a marriage with Hammanah bint Jahsh, the sister of Zaynab bint Jahsh. He also died at the battle of the Camel.[1].
From his marriage to Umm Kulthum bint Abu Bakr, he had three children [1]:
He has also a daughter named Umm Ishaq bint Talhah who married Hasan ibn Ali and had a son named Talha ibn Hassan.[1]
After Hassan died, Umm Ishaq married Husayn ibn Ali and had a daughter named Fatimah bint Husayn.[1]
[edit] Sunni view
Sunnis regard him as one of the ten who were promised paradise during their lifetimes by Muhammad.
[edit] Shi'a view
Shi'a have ambivalent view of him. On one side, he was a great defender of early Islam, fighting side by side with Muhammad and Ali. On the other side, he contested Ali's leadership and then broke his oath of allegiance to Ali.
Ali Asgher Razwy, a 20th century Shi'a Twelver Islamic scholar states:
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m http://www.islam4theworld.com/Sahabah/talhah_bn_ubaydullah_R.htm
- ^ The Origins and Early Development of Shi`a Islam p.58-079
- ^ Abu Bakr Jasas in his Tafseer Ahkaam al Qur'an Volume 1 page 333, Beirut edition [1]
- ^ [2] Talhah's income from the 'Iraq was 1,000 dinars a day, and his income from the region of ash-Sharah was more than that.- Ibn Khaldun
- ^ [3] On a refutation of the socialist Syed Qutb
- ^ (in 615, assuming he was born in 597 CE)
- ^ USC-MSA Compendium of Muslim Texts [4]
- ^ http://www.arabnews.com/?page=5§ion=0&article=84035&d=28&m=6&y=2006
- ^ Imamate: The Vicegerency of the Prophet al-islam.org [5] referencing: ash-Shaykh al-Mufid: al-Irshad, (with Persian tr. Of Sh. Muhammad Baqir Sa'idi Khurasani), p.65. [See also Eng . tr. of I. K.A. Howard, p .47 .]
- ^ See the whole account in Tabari, I, pp.2137 ff.; Ya`qubi, II, p. 136 f.; Hadid, Sharh,, I, p.163 ff.
- ^ The Origins and Early Development of Shi`a Islam p.58-079
- ^ [6], [7][8] [9]
- ^ A Restatement of the History of Islam and Muslims on Al-Islam.org [10]
