Tioguanine

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Tioguanine
Systematic (IUPAC) name
2-amino-7H-purine-6-thiol
Identifiers
CAS number	154-42-7
ATC code	L01BB03
PubChem	2723601
DrugBank	APRD00290
Chemical data
Formula	C₅H₅N₅S
Mol. mass	167.193 g/mol
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	30% (range 14% to 46%)
Metabolism	Intracellular
Half life	80 minutes (range 25-240 minutes)
Excretion	?
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat.	?
Legal status
Routes	oral

Tioguanine (INN), formerly Thioguanine (BAN), is a drug that is used in the treatment of cancer. It belongs to the family of drugs called antimetabolites. It is a guanine analog. Its principal use is in acute leukaemias and chronic myeloid leukaemia.

[edit] Pharmacology

As a guanine analogue, it is transformed inside the cell into to 6-thioguanilyic acid (TGMP) which, by pseudofeedback interference with purine biosynthesis, interferes with the synthesis of guanine nucleotides. Some of its activity may also be due to the incorporation of thioguanine nucleotides into both RNA and DNA, but the end result is inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.

v • d • e Chemotherapeutic agents/Antineoplastic agents (L01)
Alkylating agents	Nitrogen mustards: (Chlorambucil, Chlormethine, Cyclophosphamide, Ifosfamide, Melphalan). Nitrosoureas:(Carmustine, Fotemustine, Lomustine, Streptozocin). Platinum: (Carboplatin, Cisplatin, Oxaliplatin, BBR3464). Busulfan, Dacarbazine, Mechlorethamine, Procarbazine, Temozolomide, ThioTEPA, Uramustine
Antimetabolites	Folic acid: (Aminopterin, Methotrexate, Pemetrexed, Raltitrexed). Purine:(Cladribine, Clofarabine, Fludarabine, Mercaptopurine, Pentostatin, Thioguanine). Pyrimidine:(Capecitabine, Cytarabine, Fluorouracil, Floxuridine, Gemcitabine)
Spindle poison plant alkaloids	Taxane: (Docetaxel, Paclitaxel). Vinca: (Vinblastine, Vincristine, Vindesine, Vinorelbine).
Cytotoxic/antitumor antibiotics	Anthracycline family: (Daunorubicin, Doxorubicin, Epirubicin, Idarubicin, Mitoxantrone, Valrubicin). Bleomycin, Hydroxyurea, Mitomycin, Actinomycin
Topoisomerase inhibitors	Camptotheca: (Camptothecin, Topotecan, Irinotecan), Podophyllum:(Etoposide, Teniposide).
CI monoclonal antibodies	Alemtuzumab, Bevacizumab, Cetuximab, Gemtuzumab, Panitumumab, Rituximab, Tositumomab, Trastuzumab
Photosensitizers	Aminolevulinic acid, Methyl aminolevulinate, Porfimer sodium, Verteporfin
Kinase inhibitors	Dasatinib, Erlotinib, Gefitinib, Imatinib, Lapatinib, Nilotinib, Sorafenib, Sunitinib, Vandetanib (ZD6474)
Other	Alitretinoin, Altretamine, Amsacrine, Anagrelide, Arsenic trioxide, Asparaginase, Bexarotene, Bortezomib, Denileukin diftitox, Estramustine, Hydroxycarbamide, Masoprocol, Mitotane, Pegaspargase, Tretinoin