Vinblastine

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Vinblastine
Systematic (IUPAC) name
?
Identifiers
CAS number	865-21-4
ATC code	L01CA01
PubChem	8935
DrugBank	APRD00708
Chemical data
Formula	C₄₆H₅₈N₄O₉
Mol. mass	810.974 g/mol
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	n/a
Metabolism	Hepatic (CYP3A4-mediated)
Half life	24.8 hours (terminal)
Excretion	Biliary and renal
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat.	D(AU) D(US)
Legal status	POM(UK) ℞-only(US)
Routes	Exclusively intravenous

Vinblastine is a drug used to treat certain kinds of cancer, including Hodgkin's lymphoma, non-small cell lung cancer, breast cancer and testicular cancer.

1 History
2 Pharmacology
3 Indications
4 See also
5 Footnotes

[edit] History

Vinblastine was first isolated by Robert Noble and Charles Thomas Beer from the Madagascar periwinkle plant. Vinblastine's utility as a chemotherapeutic agent was first discovered when it was crushed into a tea. Consumption of the tea led to a decreased number of white blood cells; therefore, it was hypothesized that vinblastine might be effective against cancers of the white blood cells such as lymphoma.

[edit] Pharmacology

Vinblastine is a vinca alkaloid and a chemical analogue of vincristine. It binds tubulin, thereby inhibiting the assembly of microtubules. It is M phase cell cycle specific since microtubules are a component of the mitotic spindle and the kinetochore which are necessary for the separation of chromosomes during anaphase of mitosis. Toxicities include bone marrow suppression (which is dose-limiting), gastrointestinal toxicity, potent vesicant (blister-forming) activity, and extravasation injury (forms deep ulcers).

Vinblastine paracrystals may be comprised of tightly-packed unpolymerized tubulin or microtubules.^[1]

[edit] Indications

Vinblastine is a component of a number of chemotherapy regimens, including ABVD for Hodgkin lymphoma. It is also used to treat histiocytosis according to the estabilished protocols of the Histiocytosis Association of America.

[edit] See also

[edit] Footnotes

^ Starling D (1976). "Two ultrastructurally distinct tubulin paracrystals induced in sea-urchin eggs by vinblastine sulphate.". J Cell Sci 20 (1): 79-89. PMID 942954.

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v • d • e Chemotherapeutic agents/Antineoplastic agents (L01)
Alkylating agents	Nitrogen mustards: (Chlorambucil, Chlormethine, Cyclophosphamide, Ifosfamide, Melphalan). Nitrosoureas:(Carmustine, Fotemustine, Lomustine, Streptozocin). Platinum: (Carboplatin, Cisplatin, Oxaliplatin, BBR3464). Busulfan, Dacarbazine, Mechlorethamine, Procarbazine, Temozolomide, ThioTEPA, Uramustine
Antimetabolites	Folic acid: (Aminopterin, Methotrexate, Pemetrexed, Raltitrexed). Purine:(Cladribine, Clofarabine, Fludarabine, Mercaptopurine, Pentostatin, Thioguanine). Pyrimidine:(Capecitabine, Cytarabine, Fluorouracil, Floxuridine, Gemcitabine)
Spindle poison plant alkaloids	Taxane: (Docetaxel, Paclitaxel). Vinca: (Vinblastine, Vincristine, Vindesine, Vinorelbine).
Cytotoxic/antitumor antibiotics	Anthracycline family: (Daunorubicin, Doxorubicin, Epirubicin, Idarubicin, Mitoxantrone, Valrubicin). Bleomycin, Hydroxyurea, Mitomycin, Actinomycin
Topoisomerase inhibitors	Camptotheca: (Camptothecin, Topotecan, Irinotecan), Podophyllum:(Etoposide, Teniposide).
CI monoclonal antibodies	Alemtuzumab, Bevacizumab, Cetuximab, Gemtuzumab, Panitumumab, Rituximab, Tositumomab, Trastuzumab
Photosensitizers	Aminolevulinic acid, Methyl aminolevulinate, Porfimer sodium, Verteporfin
Kinase inhibitors	Dasatinib, Erlotinib, Gefitinib, Imatinib, Lapatinib, Nilotinib, Sorafenib, Sunitinib, Vandetanib (ZD6474)
Other	Alitretinoin, Altretamine, Amsacrine, Anagrelide, Arsenic trioxide, Asparaginase, Bexarotene, Bortezomib, Denileukin diftitox, Estramustine, Hydroxycarbamide, Masoprocol, Mitotane, Pegaspargase, Tretinoin