Valspeak
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Valspeak is a common name for the sociolect used by valley girls. This stereotype originated in the 1970s, but was at its peak in the 1980s and still popular in the 1990s and 2000's. Though a fad, many phrases and elements of Valspeak, along with surfer slang and skateboarding slang, have become a permanent part of the California English dialect, and in some cases wider American English (such as the widespread use of "like" as conversational filler). Elements of valspeak can now be found virtually everywhere English is spoken, particularly among young native English speakers.
The term "Valley Girl" and the Valley manner of speech was given a wider circulation with the release of a hit single by Frank Zappa entitled "Valley Girl," on which Moon Unit Zappa, Frank's fourteen-year-old daughter, delivered a monologue of meaningless phrases in "valspeak" behind the music. This song, Frank Zappa's only Top 40 hit in the United States, popularized phrases such as "grody to the max." Some of the terms used by Moon were not actually Valley phrases, but were surfer terms instead (such as "tubular" and "gnarly"). But due to the song's popularity, some of the surfer phrases actually entered the speech of real Valley teens after this point. The Los Angeles surfing subculture, on the other hand, did not generally begin using the Valley terms.
Valspeak is used heavily in the 1995 film Clueless and quite a lot in Wayne's World.
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[edit] Intonation
- Excessive use of high rising terminal. Statements have rising intonation, causing normal declarative language to appear to the listener as interrogative. Also known as "uptalking."
[edit] Emphasizing phrases
"totally", "so totally"
- Meaning: "very" or "really"
- Usage: Can be used anywhere in a sentence, even in syntactically awkward positions (e.g. before verbs)
- Examples: "I totally paused!", "He so totally said that to her!"
"like"
- Usage: Quotative particle.
- Example: "She was like 'oh my gawd you have to see this', but I was like, 'no way, you're kidding!'"
- Usage: Filled pause or hedge.
- Example: "Her new hat is like, a greeny-brown color."
"why"
- Usage: Added for emphasis, but has no particular meaning.
- Example: "Oh, why, that came out of nowhere!"
"duh!"
- Meaning: "Everybody knows that!", "Obviously!", etc.
- Usage: Usually said with heavy emphasis, often while rolling your eyes. Commonly begins a sentence or phrase, or is its own sentence.
- Example: "Haven't I heard that before?" "Duh, it's like a famous quote!"
"As if!"
- Meaning: "You are wrong", "It's not going to happen", "You wish", etc.
- Usage: Used in its own sentence, usually to contradict the previous sentence or demonstrate skepticism.
- Example: "You expect me to wear that? As if!"
"What-ever!"
- Meaning: "I don't believe you", "I don't care", etc.
- Usage: Used as a complete sentence to dismiss a topic. Special emphasis is placed on "Ever".
- Example: "You're, like, so totally out of nail polish? What-EVER!"
"Worst (something) ever!" (Now a Simpsons catchphrase.)
- Meaning: Short for "This is the worst (something) I have ever seen!"
- Usage: Usually said with significant pauses between each word.
- Example: "Worst. Movie. Ever (sometimes written as "eva")!"
"so", "like", "OK", "you know", "or something"
- Usage: Usually used as fillers with no particular meaning.
- Example: "So OK, I was totally like, you know, 'I have no idea' or something!"
(Also see Vocabulary below.)
[edit] Other characteristics
The dialect can often be distinguished by its intonation, and by its pharyngealisation of certain consonant sounds, particularly the "L" and rhotic "R" sounds occurring in the coda[citation needed]. Pharyngealisation is rare in the English language and its presence here is possibly unique within American English, though it is detectable in similar circumstances in some variants of Irish English and Scottish English.
[edit] Vocabulary
[edit] See also
- California English
- Valspeak filter - a novelty program that translates English into Valspeak.
- Pink Five - a Star Wars parody fanfilm starring a Valley girl.
- Skateboarding slang
- Gap Girls - a Saturday Night Live sketch, prominently featuring Valspeak phrases.
[edit] External links
| Word | Definition |
|---|---|
| Airhead | An intellectual lightweight |
| Awesome | Very good (e.g. "That movie was totally awesome!") |
| Audi | Out of here (e.g. I'm audi.) Often confused with Outtie, this misunderstanding then went into widespread use. |
| Barf | To vomit |
| Baldwin | Handsome boy or man (from the Baldwin brothers) |
| Barf bag | Jerk |
| Barney | An unattractive boy or man (presumably from The Flintstones character Barney Rubble), sometimes confused with the similarly undesirable Barney Gumble from The Simpsons
In other contexts, the term "Barney" is used to refer to police officers; in that case, it derives from Barney Fife. |
| Betty | Beautiful girl or woman (stated on the Whatever! DVD edition that the term 'betty' comes from The Flintstones character Betty Rubble) |
| Bitchin' | Cool (aesthetic) |
| Bro | Brother, meaning friend or dude |
| Buggin' | Freaking out (usu. mildly) |
| Bum | Another word for "to borrow" (e.g. "Can I bum a cigarette?") |
| Dork | Originally slang for a penis (as used in Sixteen Candles), but eventually came to mean geek or nerd or a clumsy or eccentric person. |
| Dude | General term for a male, but may also be used in a derogatory manner, or to get someone's attention |
| Dweeb | Nerd and Loser |
| Classic | Great |
| Fiesta | Party |
| Fer sure! | Certainly |
| Gag me with a spoon! | That's disgusting (from a method of inducing vomiting) |
| Gnarly | Good, Great |
| Grody | Disgusting (e.g. grody to the max) (from "grotesque") |
| Gross | Disgusting |
| I'm like... | (When talking about yourself) emphasis placed on the "li" in "like." |
| I'm so sure! | (spoken sarcastically) I don't believe you. |
| Joanie | Unhip girl (from the Joanie Cunningham character on Happy Days) |
| Later | Goodbye |
| Later days or Later dates | Goodbye (Usually said by Tino at the end of each episode of Disney's The Weekenders) |
| Loadie | Stoned boy or girl |
| Monet | Someone (or thing) that looks good from afar, but up close it's a total mess. (e.g., "That hag is a full-on Monet!") |
| Postal | To go insane/freak out/bug (as in "going postal".) |
| Psych! | Just kidding |
| Rad | Very cool (from "radical") |
| Rays | Sunlight. (e.g., "I'm going to the beach to catch some rays.") See UVs. |
| [I know] Right?/Right on | Used as bland filler when there is lack of interest or content for a response or to express agreement with indifference or cockiness. (e.g. That bikini looks so hot on you Heather! Right.!?; Hey bro I found 20 bucks under the seat of my car! Right on!) |
| Scarf | To eat, usually very quickly (e.g., "I totally scarfed that burger!") |
| Sketchy | Weird/suspicious (e.g., "that guy looks sketchy"; "I dunno, you were acting kind of sketchy about [x]." |
| Spaz | A hyperactive nerd/geek/klutz/a confused person. (e.g., "That guy is a total spaz!") |
| Sweet! | Used to express excitement, satisfaction, camaraderie, happiness for another person/thing/event. (e.g., Dude I like totally dicked a Betty today! Sweet!) Strong emphasis and elongation of the Es Sweet. |
| To the max | More of the preceding adjective (e.g. grody to the max). "Max" being short for maximum. |
| Tripendicular | Awesome; literally “a triangle with three perpendicular sides”, a geometric impossibility in Euclidian/plane geometry (it is possible in spherical geometry), therefore synonymous with "unbelievable”; the stressing of the first syllable is by association with “trip”, referring to the experience felt while under the effects of illicit drugs. |
| Tubular | Very cool |
| UVs | Ultraviolet radiation, the property in natural sunlight that causes skin to tan. (e.g. I'm heading down to the beach to get some UVs.) |
| to Veg (out) | To rest (from "vegetate") |
| Way | Used as an adjective for emphasis. (e.g. "That was way cool"). |
| Pseudo-dialects: |
Englog | Engrish | Euro-English | Globish | Greeklish | Franglais | Internet slang | Leet | Serblish | Swenglish | Spanglish | Valspeak |
| Mixed languages: | Chinglish | Czenglish | Denglisch | Europanto | Finglish | Hinglish | Inglés de escalerilla | Konglish | Llanito | Namlish | Poglish | Runglish | Taglish | Tinglish | Yeshivish | Yinglish | Portinglês |
