Walter Haworth
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Sir Walter Norman Haworth (born Chorley, Lancashire March 19, 1883 – March 19, 1950) was a British chemist who is best known for his groundbreaking work on ascorbic acid (vitamin C) whilst working at Birmingham University.
He received the 1937 Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for his investigations on carbohydrates and vitamin C". The prize was shared with Swiss chemist Paul Karrer for his work on other vitamins.
He decided to attend Manchester University in 1903 and study chemistry after working for some time in a linoleum factory run by his father. He made this decision in spite of the strong disapproval of his parents. He subsequently studied at the University of Göttingen.
In 1912 Haworth became a lecturer at United College of St Andrews University in Scotland and became interested in carbohydrate chemistry, which was being investigated at St Andrews by Thomas Purdie (1843-1916) and James Irvine (1877-1952). Haworth began his work on simple sugars in 1915 and developed a new method for the preparation of the methyl ethers of sugars using methyl sulfate and alkali. He then began studies on the structural features of the disaccharides.
Haworth organized the laboratories at St Andrews University for the production of chemicals and drugs for the British government during World War I (1914-1918). He was appointed professor of organic chemistry at the University of Durham in 1920. Three years later, he became Mason Professor of Chemistry at the University of Birmingham.
In 1934, working with British chemist Sir Edmund Hirst, he was able to synthesize vitamin C, in fact the first ever synthesized.
The Haworth projection, a simple way for representing chemical structures in three dimensions, is named after him.
He was knighted in 1948. He died on March 19, 1950, his 67th birthday.
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1926: Svedberg | 1927: Wieland | 1928: Windaus | 1929: Harden, Euler‑Chelpin | 1930: H.Fischer | 1931: Bosch, Bergius | 1932: Langmuir | 1934: Urey | 1935: F.Joliot‑Curie, I.Joliot‑Curie | 1936: Debye | 1937: Haworth, Karrer | 1938: Kuhn | 1939: Butenandt, Ružička | 1943: Hevesy | 1944: Hahn | 1945: Virtanen | 1946: Sumner, Northrop, Stanley | 1947: Robinson | 1948: Tiselius | 1949: Giauque | 1950: Diels, Alder |
Categories: 1883 births | 1950 deaths | English chemists | Nobel laureates in Chemistry | Fellows of the Royal Society | Academics of Imperial College London | Academics of Durham University | People associated with the University of Birmingham | Academics of the University of St Andrews | People from Chorley
