世界童軍大露營
维基百科，自由的百科全书
世界童軍大露營（官方以法文命名為Jamboree Scout Mondial）為國際間童軍大露營的一種，通常有數千甚至數以萬計來自世界各地十四至十七歲之青年參與。
第一屆世界童軍大露營由倫敦英國童軍總會主辦，近年則由世界童軍組織（WOSM）舉辦。此後除戰時外，基本上世界童軍大露營每四年舉行一次。2007年的世界童軍大露營，將在英國的海德國家公園舉行，屆時將慶祝童軍成立百週年。
目录 |
[编辑] 歷史
The 童軍 programme was an international success following its founding by Baden-Powell in 1908. With is continuing growth, the founder of the movement saw a need for a gathering of representatives of Scouting from all around the world. The general aim was to foster a worldwide brotherhood, and to help the young boys in the movement learn about other people's and nations by directly interacting with them.
然而，在1914年爆發第一次世界大戰，使得這個活動受到拖延，直到1920年，第1次世界童軍大露營才在倫敦肯辛頓的奧林匹亞舉行，當時共有8,000位童軍會員、34個國家參與了這項盛會。
之後，世界童軍大露營固定於每年在全球不同國家舉行；但在歷史上，這項活動有兩個時期受到中斷：第一個時期是1937年到1947年，由於第二次世界大戰而停辦；第二個時期是在1979年，原本這一年的世界童軍大露營要在伊朗舉辦，但因伊朗內部政治發生動亂而停辦。
To replace the cancelled event of 1979, the World Scout Committee determined that an alternative celebration, the Jamboree of the Year should take place. Several regional camps took place, along with countless Join-in-Jamboree activities - designed to allow Scouts from around the world to participate in an activity that thousands of other Scouts around the world were also participating in at the same time. This Join-in programme is being reproduced again as part of the Scouting 2007 Centenary celebrations.
So far, the greatest attendance of all Jamborees was in 1929, where over 50,000 members from around the world descended upon Birkenhead in the north-west of England. This number represented the permanent contingent who remained for the entire event, and they were also joined by hundreds of thousands of visiting Scouts.
The first Jamboree was more of an exhibition of Scouting from around the world, allowing visitors to see how it was done in other parts of the world. Each successive Jamboree has developed on this format, and the programme is typically more activity oriented, with plenty of time for Scouts from different nations to interact and learn about each other in less formal ways than an exhibition would allow.
The next Jamboree will be in 2007 and coincides with the Scouting Centenary celebrations. Because of this, the honour of hosting the event has again been bestowed upon the United Kingdom, as the birthplace of Scouting. It is expected that 40,000 young people will be camping in August at Hylands Park in Essex. It is also expected that hundreds of thousands of day visitors will attend events in the south-east of England as part of the Jamboree.
[编辑] 小型活動
There are upto ten smaller Jamboree (or Jamborette) events held each year around the world. This includes Regional Jamborees, which are held every three years in their areas of the world. Scouts from outside these regions are invited, but attendance is generally lower (for example, the EuroJam 2005 event hosted 10,000 Scouts, mostly from Europe).
National associations, and sub-national groups, also organise a number of events, such as the WINGS event, which is organised by a County level body.
[编辑] 空中大會（JOTA）、網路大會（JOTI）和世界童軍遠足日（JOTT）
[编辑] 空中大會
空中大會（簡稱JOTA），是一個國際童軍和女童軍的活動，固定舉辦於10月的第3個完整週（1週7天皆在1個月份內稱完整週）的週末。在1957年的童軍週年慶時，該活動首次舉辦，目前是童軍活動中的大型活動之一。
Amateur radio operators from all over the world participate with Scouts and Guides to teach them about radio and to assist them to contact their fellow Scouts and Guides by means of shortwave radio and IRC. This provides the Scouts and Guides with a means of learning about fellow Scouts and Guides from around the world. It is an adjunct to the World Scout Jamboree.
The event is recognised as one of international participation by the various Scout and Guide organisations, and supports several awards which are a part of Scouting and Guiding programmes.
[编辑] 網路大會
網路大會, known by its acronym JOTI, is an international Scouting activity held annually. Participants, through the use of designated Chats from all over the world, can contact their fellow scouts by means of the Internet. Common communication methods include ScoutLink (IRC), e-mail, and VOIP. This provides the Scouts with a means of learning about fellow Scouts from around the world. JOTI.org reports that JOTI had over 4,000 participants online at one time in 2005.
In November 1996 the World Scout Committee, noting that Scouting already had a considerable presence on the Internet, and that there was already an informal and rapidly growing Jamboree on the Internet, decided that JOTI should become an official international Scouting event, and that it should be held on the same weekend as the Jamboree on the Air (JOTA).
Special Internet jamborees may also be organized in conjunction with local, national and international Scouting events which are held at other times of the year.
[编辑] 世界童軍遠足日
Following on the idea of the Join-in events from the World Jamboree Year, Jamboree on the Trail (or JOTT), is simply a co-ordinated event where Scouts around the world simultaneously participate in local hikes. It takes place in May on an annual basis.
This type of event allows Scouts to take part in activities at the same time as other Scouts, promoting the idea of the Scouting brotherhood. Participants are awarded a JOTT badge as a recognition of having participated in this worldwide event.
[编辑] 歷屆世界童軍大露營列表
| 布章 | 年份 | 屆次 | 舉辦國或地區 | 舉辦地點 | 主題 | 參加人數 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1920年 | 第1次 |  英国 |
肯辛頓郡奧林匹亞 | 8,000 | ||
| 1924年 | 第2次 |  丹麦 |
Ermelunden | 4,549 | ||
| 1929年 | 第3次 | 英国 |
伯肯赫德 | Coming of Age 時代的來臨 |
50,000 | |
| 1933年 | 第4次 | 匈牙利 | 哥多洛 | 25,792 | ||
| 1937年 | 第5次 | 荷蘭 | 布魯曼達 | 28,750 | ||
| 1947年 | 第6次 | 法國 | 莫桑 | Jamboree of Peace 和平大露營 |
24,152 | |
| 1951年 | 第7次 | 奧地利 | 伊什爾 | Jamboree of Simplicity | 12,884 | |
| 1955年 | 第8次 |  加拿大 |
湖畔尼加拉瓜 | 11,139 | ||
| 1957年 | 第9次 | 英国 |
索頓公園 | 50th Anniversary of Scouting 童軍50週年慶（非官方認定主題） |
30,000 | |
| 1959年 | 第10次 |  菲律宾 |
拉古納 | Building Tomorrow Today | 12,203 | |
| 1963年 | 第11次 | 希臘 | 馬拉松 | Higher and Wider | 14,000 | |
| 1967年 | 第12次 |  美国 |
法拉加特州立公園 | For Friendship 獻給友誼 |
12,011 | |
| 1971年 | 第13次 |  日本 |
富士宮 | For Understanding | 23,758 | |
| 1975年 | 第14次 | 挪威 | 利勒哈麥 | Five Fingers, One Hand 五根手指，一隻手 |
17,259 | |
| 1979年 | 第15次（取消） |  伊朗 |
內沙布 | 取消 | ||
 |
1983年 | 第15次 | 加拿大 |
卡爾加里 | The Spirit Lives On 精神永在 |
14,752 |
| 1987年 | 第16次 |  zh-hk:澳洲;zh-cn:澳大利亚;zh-tw:澳洲; |
雪梨 | Bringing the World Together | 14,434 | |
| 1991年 | 第17次 |  zh-tw:南韓;zh-hk:南韓;zh-cn:韩国;zh-sg:韩国 |
Soraksen 國家公園 | Many Lands, One World | 20,000 | |
| 1995年 | 第18次 | 荷蘭 | 弗萊福蘭 | Future is Now 未來就是現在 |
28,960 | |
| 1998年～1999年 | 第19次 | 智利 | Picarquín | Building Peace Together 一同創造和平 |
31,000 | |
| 2002年～2003年 | 第20次 |  泰國 |
Sattahip | Share our World, Share our Cultures 分享世界，分享文化 |
24,000 | |
 |
2007年 | 第21次 | 英国 |
海德國家公園 | One World，One Promise 同心許諾，世界大同 |
40,000 （預估） |
| 2011年 | 第22次 | 瑞典 | Rinkaby | 尚未公佈 | 尚未公佈 |
[编辑] 參考條目
- 大露營
- 世界羅浮童軍大會
[编辑] 外部連結
| 世界童軍大露營 | 空中大會 | 網路大會 | 世界童軍遠足日 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 世界童軍大露營 |
|
|---|---|
|
1920 | 1924 | 1929 | 1933 | 1937 | 1947 |
|
| 1951 | 1955 | 1957 | 1959 | 1963 | 1967 | 1971 | 1975 | 1979 | 1983 | 1987 | 1991 | 1995 | 1998-1999 | 2002-2003 | 2007 | 2011 | |
