維斯比

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**Visby**
	城市纹章 Image:Visby City Arms.jpg In 1971 incorporated in the arms of Gotland Municipality
	57° 38´ N 18° 17´ E
	建立时间	City (1645)
	自治区	Gotland Municipality
	郡	Gotland County
	省	Gotland
	人口	22,017

維斯比是瑞典哥德蘭島最大的城市，也是保存最多中世紀特色的北歐小鎮，被聯合國教科文組織評為文化遺産. Of its history, the most notable objects 是被稱為"Ringmuren"、環繞整個城市的3.4公里長石牆，以及old church ruins. The name "Visby" comes from the Old Norse Vi, meaning sacrificial place.

現今人口約22,000，也是the seat of the Governor of Gotland County.

[编辑] 歷史

Visby Ringwall

維斯比的最早歷史無法確定，但一般認為她自公元900年起成為交易中心。

供奉聖母瑪利亞的維斯比大教堂在十二世紀落成，在十三世紀重新塑造至今日面貌，不少其他教堂也在隨後數個世紀內相繼建成. The city flourished thanks to the German Hanseatic League.

The ringwall was likely 在13世紀開始. Around 1280年 it was rebuilt to reach 它現在的高度, and getting the characteristic towers, although some towers were not constructed until the 15世紀. The ringwall is still largely intact.

在1361年，哥德蘭島 was conquered by Valdemar IV of Denmark and 維斯比成為丹麥的小鎮. Important as it was, some setbacks occurred. In 1391, 1394, 1398 it was taken and plundered by the Victual Brothers, 海盜 who sailed 波羅的海，而在1411年，the King Eric of Pomerania had the castle of Visborg constructed, and settled himself there for 12年, during which 城市成為海盜的nest，所有商業活動停止。As of 1470年, the Hanseatic League renounced Visby status as a Hanseatic town.

在1525年, the final blow came. 維斯比的商人 were in a feud with Lübeck. 除了大座堂外，Germans commenced by 焚燒所有城市的教堂，The ruins have been kept until this day, owing its charm on the modern city.

在1645年，被丹麥統治了300年的哥蘭德島在1645年因Treaty of Brömsebro再度落入瑞典手中，緩慢的發展使很多東西保留下來。18世紀末，瑞典政府官員多次嘗試提升水平失敗，直至19世紀維斯比再次吸引貿易和港口業。

[编辑] 觀景點

Some affectionately call Visby the "city of roses and ruins" and 島上居民 often just say "town". Whether it lives up to that distinction among 其他古化瑞典城市 is debatable.

八月是旅遊旺季，In week 32 from Sunday to Sunday the annual Medieval Week (Medeltidsveckan) is held. During this time regularly dressed tourists are outnumbered by 穿著中世紀服飾的人群. 該節日在1984年開始舉辦不同活動慶祝，例如音樂, jesters, 劇院, a medieval market, jousting tournaments and much more. See the external links for more information.

[编辑] 圖片集

Visby Cathedral	Saint Nicolaus Church Ruin, built in 1230, burnt in 1525.	Visby cirka 1700, in Suecia antiqua et hodierna	Visby waterfront today
海港	Gunpowder Tower	Strandpromenaden	Almedalen
Fishermans Alley	Packhusplan square