约翰·卡廷
维基百科，自由的百科全书
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{{{country}}}第第14任澳大利亞總理任總統
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| 政黨 | 工党 |
約翰·卡廷（英文：John Curtin；1893年6月30日—1945年7月5日），是澳大利亚著名政治家、第14任澳大利亞總理。當澳大利亞受到日本在二次大戰的直接軍事威脅期間，他曾經帶領澳大利亚越過這段黑暗的歲月。到了現在，許多澳大利亞人都尊崇約翰·卡廷為國家最偉大的政治家。
[编辑] 童年背景
卡廷原名為約翰·約瑟夫·卡廷，他出生於維多利亞州中部，他的父親擁有愛爾蘭血統，任職警察部長。卡廷在12歲綴學，到墨爾本一間工廠內工作，他很快便接觸政治，活躍在工党及馬克斯主義的維多利亞社會黨His father was a police officer of Irish descent. He had some primary education, but by the age of twelve he was working in a factory in Melbourne. He soon became active in both the Australian Labor Party and the Victorian Socialist Party, a Marxist group. He wrote for radical and socialist newspapers as "Jack Curtin".
In 1911 Curtin was employed as secretary of the Timberworkers' Union, and during World War I he was a militant anti-conscriptionist. He was briefly imprisoned for refusing to attend a compulsory medical examination, even though he knew he would fail the exam due to his very poor eyesight. The strain of this period led him to drink heavily, a vice which blighted his career for many years. In 1917 he married Elsie Needham, the sister of a Labor Senator.
