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HSDPA

维基百科,自由的百科全书

手提電話和數据
標準
0G
  • PTT
  • MTS
  • IMTS
  • AMTS
0.5G
  • Autotel/PALM
  • ARP
1G
  • NMT
  • AMPS
  • Hicap
  • CDPD
  • Mobitex
  • DataTac
2G
2.5G
2.75G
3G
3.5G
  • 高速下行分組接入(HSDPA)
3.75G
4G
Frequency bands
  • SMR
  • Cellular
  • PCS

高速下行分组接入(High Speed Downlink Packet Access的缩写HSDPA)是一种移动通信协议,亦称为3.5G(3½G)。该协议在W-CDMA下行链路中提供分组数据业务,在一个5MHz载波上的传输速率可达8-10 Mbit/s(如采用MIMO技术,则可达20 Mbit/s)。在具体实现中,采用了自适应调制编码(AMC)、多输入多输出(MIMO)、混合自动重传请求(HARQ)、快速调度、快速小区选择等技术。

目录

[编辑] 技术

主要的技术说明如下: (1)自适应调制和编码。HSDPA中链路将根据无线链路质量的变化而自适应调整调制和编码方法。链路自适应调制将确保用户能获得最高可能的数据率,不论用户是在基站附近或是小区边沿。

(2)快速调度方法。HSDPA中包调度是直接由基站控制的,而不是像WCDMA release99 中是由RNC控制的。更靠近空中接口及更短的帧长度使得基站调度更快更有效。基站调度所需信息包括信道质量、终端容量、QoS等级和可获得的功率/码源等。

(3)快速重传方法。 在WCDMA release99中, 数据包重传是由RNC控制的。 而在HSDPA, 基站将直接控制更快的重传机制。同时,HSDPA还使用了增量冗余(Incremental Redundancy)技术,该技术使得基站只需重传出错的比特。

[编辑] 版本

HSDPA 有多个不同的版本,定义了不同的数据速度。[1]

HS-DSCH Category Modulation Max Data Speed
Category 1 QPSK and 16-QAM 1.2 Mbps
Category 2 QPSK and 16-QAM 1.2 Mbps
Category 3 QPSK and 16-QAM 1.8 Mbps
Category 4 QPSK and 16-QAM 1.8 Mbps
Category 5 QPSK and 16-QAM 3.6 Mbps
Category 6 QPSK and 16-QAM 3.6 Mbps
Category 7 QPSK and 16-QAM 7.3 Mbps
Category 8 QPSK and 16-QAM 7.3 Mbps
Category 9 QPSK and 16-QAM 10.2 Mbps
Category 10 QPSK and 16-QAM 14.4 Mbps
Category 11 QPSK only 0.9 Mbps
Category 12 QPSK only 1.8 Mbps


[编辑] 终端

  • Palm, Inc.发布了Treo750,现在是一个UMTS手机,在2007年通过升级软件实现HSDPA。
  • 诺基亚宣布将于2007年第一季度发布第一台HSDPA终端设备诺基亚 N95,将达到 3.6 Mbit下行速度。 [2][3].
  • 新西兰沃达丰 最近发布了HSDPA外接设备Vodem。这个设备为使用笔记本或台式机的用户设计,实际上这是贴牌華為公司的E220 USB调制解调器。
  • 乐金(LG)最近为澳大利亚提供了一系列的HSDPA手机,如TU500和U830。
  • 中兴通讯在澳大利亚发布了第一款手机,被贴牌为Telstra 850。
  • 摩托罗拉宣布于2006年第四季度发布两款HSDPA手机,名叫RAZR MAXXRAZR XX (也称做RAZR V3xx)。 [4].
  • 三星集团在美国有3款HSDPA手机,A707是翻盖手机,黑色的PDA智能电话(2006年11月16日同时发布),SGH-ZX20。三星在澳大利亚也有2款HSDPA手机,A501和A701,菲律宾有1款-Z560。新的i601也支持HSDPA。
  • 明基電通已经于2006年7月发布了第一款HSDPA移动电话-EF91。自从明基2006年第三季度申请破产,目前前景不明确。
  • 宏達國際電子也发布了支持HSDPA的手机,在不同的运营商有不同的名称。(如T-Mobile的MDA Vario II, 沃达丰的叫Qtek 1605,和黄的SPV M3100等)。
  • 日本電氣股份有限公司和NTT Docomo共同发布了N902iX高速移动电话。第一款达到 3.6 Mbit下行速度,可以作为商业应用。

[编辑] 运营商情况

在香港,目前四間提供3G服務的網絡供應商,其中三間(SmarTone-Vodafone,CSL及3香港)均已提供HSDPA服務,無限數據流量使用計劃的用費由港幣$488至港幣$538。其中SmarTone-Vodafone更提供3.6 Mbps的傳送速度 , 而且更是全世界第一個把3.6Mbps HSDPA 作商用的網絡供應商。

HSDPA is beginning to reach deployment status in North America. Cingular has announced that they will begin to deploy UMTS with expansion to HSDPA in 2005. Cingular faces competitive pressure from operators such as Verizon who use a competing 3G technology, CDMA-2000 1x-EvDO, and who have already deployed a similar high speed data service. In Japan, KDDI has been commercially deploying 3.5G services based on a nationwide CDMA-2000 1x-EvDO network since December 2003.

In 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) standards, Release 4 specifications provide efficient IP support enabling provision of services through an all-IP core network and Release 5 specifications focus on HSDPA to provide data rates up to approximately 10 Mbit/s to support packet-based multimedia services. MIMO systems are the work item in Release 6 specifications, which will support even higher data transmission rates up to 20 Mbit/s. HSDPA is evolved from and backward compatible with Release 99 WCDMA systems.

Docomo has recently announced (2005) that it will introduce HSDPA from 2006.

The success of this technology as a GSM-replacement, vis-à-vis other contenders like CDMA2000 EvDO and not yet finished cellular datacommunication standards like WiMax (802.16) is still unclear. Especially considering that KDDI's CDMA2000 is generally considered as being much more successful and smooth than DoCoMo's and Vodafone's UMTS / wCDMA introduction in Japan, which are much more slow than initially hoped.

Currently a WCDMA deployment is approximately three times the cost of a GSM deployment.

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