Shang Dynasty
From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Shāng Dynasty (Chinese: 商朝) or Yīn Dynasty (殷代) (ca. 1600 BC - ca. 1046 BC) is the first dynasty in China. It began from the Yellow River valley. The Shang Dynasty was after the Xià Dynasty (which is mostly a legend) and before the Zhōu Dynasty. Most of what we know about the Shang Dynasty is from reading pictures on oracle bones and bronze objects.
[edit] Kings
| Posthumous names | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Convention: posthumous name or King + posthumous name | ||||
| Order | Reign | Chinese | Hanyu Pinyin | Notes |
| 01 | 29 | 湯 | Tāng | a Sage king; overthrew king Jié (桀) of Xià (夏) |
| 02 | 02 | 外丙 | Wài Bǐng | |
| 03 | 04 | 仲壬 | Zhòng Rén | |
| 04 | 33 | 太甲 | Tài Jiǎ | |
| 05 | 29 | 沃丁 | Wò Dǐng | |
| 06 | 25 | 太庚 | Tài Gēng | |
| 07 | 36 | 小甲 | Xiǎo Jiǎ | |
| 08 | 12 | 雍己 | Yōng Jǐ | |
| 09 | 75 | 太戊 | Tài Wù | |
| 10 | 11 | 仲丁 | Zhòng Dīng | |
| 11 | 15 | 外壬 | Wài Rén | |
| 12 | 09 | 河亶甲 | Hé Dǎn Jiǎ | |
| 13 | 19 | 祖乙 | Zǔ Yǐ | |
| 14 | 16 | 祖辛 | Zǔ Xīn | |
| 15 | 20 | 沃甲 | Wò Jiǎ | |
| 16 | 32 | 祖丁 | Zǔ Dīng | |
| 17 | 29 | 南庚 | Nán Gēng | |
| 18 | 07 | 陽甲 | Yáng Jiǎ | |
| 19 | 28 | 盤庚 | Pán Gēng | Shang finally created their home at Yīn (殷). The time starting from Pán Gēng is also called the Yīn Dynasty, beginning the golden age of the Shāng dynasty. Oracle bone pictures are thought to date at least to Pán Gēng's era. |
| 20 | 21 | 小辛 | Xiǎo Xīn | |
| 21 | 21 | 小乙 | Xiǎo Yǐ | |
| 22 | 59 | 武丁 | Wǔ Dīng | |
| 23 | 07 | 祖庚 | Zǔ Gēng | |
| 24 | 33 | 祖甲 | Zǔ Jiǎ | |
| 25 | 06 | 廩辛 | Lǐn Xīn | |
| 26 | 06 | 庚丁 | Gēng Dīng | or Kang Ding (康丁 Kāng Dīng) |
| 27 | 04 | 武乙 | Wǔ Yǐ | |
| 28 | 03 | 太丁 | Tài Dīng | or Wen Ding (文丁 Wén Dīng) |
| 29 | 37 | 帝乙 | Dì Yǐ | |
| 30 | 33 | 帝辛 | Dì Xīn | aka Zhòu (紂), Zhòu Xīn (紂辛) or Zhòu Wáng (紂王). Can also be said by adding "Shāng" (商) in front of any of these names. |
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