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里奇蒙公爵

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里奇蒙公爵(Duke of Richmond)又译里士满公爵。得名于北约克郡里士满和它附近的里士满郡。它在都铎王朝斯图亚特王朝时由英国贵族院授于皇室成员。

目录

[编辑] 里奇蒙公国历史

里奇蒙公国第一次授于都铎亨利八世的私生子亨利·菲茨罗伊(称里奇蒙和索美塞得公爵Duke of Richmond and Somerset)她的母亲是伊莉莎白·布伦特(Elizabeth Blount)。他于1536年去世后,无继承人而被废除。

第二代伦诺克斯公爵(看伦诺克斯)卢多维克·斯图尔特(1574-1624),1616年被授于里奇蒙伯爵,1623年升为里奇蒙公爵,他是斯图亚特王朝伦诺克斯家族成员。他1624年去世贵族称号废除,但他的苏格兰头衔被移交给他弟弟马奇伯爵埃斯米。埃斯米之子詹姆斯·斯图尔特(1612-1655)1641年被授于里奇蒙公爵,这两个公国再次联合。1672年,詹姆斯的侄儿查尔斯·斯图尔特去世,他是第三代里奇蒙公爵和第六代伦诺克斯公爵,里奇蒙公国再次废除。

第三授封在1675年8月,查理二世将此头衔授于查尔斯·伦诺克斯,他是查理二世與其情婦樸次茅斯女公爵路易丝·德·克罗亚勒(Louise de Keroualle)的私生子。查尔斯·伦诺克斯在一个月后另外被授予伦诺克斯公爵。查尔斯之子也叫查尔斯,1734年继承了他祖母的法国头衔欧比尼公爵(法国的Aubigny-sur-Nère地区)。

第六代里奇蒙和伦诺克斯公爵1876年又增加了戈登公爵爵位(看克兰·戈登(Clan Gordon))。至此公爵拥有三个(四个,如果加上欧比尼公爵)公国,比任何其他人都多。里奇蒙、伦诺克斯和戈登公爵正常地头衔是里奇蒙和戈登公爵Duke of Richmond and Gordon。戈登公国未获得前称里奇蒙和伦诺克斯公爵Duke of Richmond and Lennox.

附带的头衔: 马奇伯爵Earl of March (1675年授), 达恩利伯爵Earl of Darnley (1675年), 金拉拉伯爵Earl of Kinrara (1876年), 斯特林顿男爵Baron Settrington(斯特林顿在约克县)(1675年), 和托博尔顿勋爵Lord Torbolton (1675年)。马奇伯爵斯特林顿男爵附属于英格兰的里奇蒙公国。达恩利伯爵托博尔顿勋爵附属于苏格兰的伦诺克斯公国。金拉拉伯爵附属于英国贵族院的戈登公国。公爵的长子使用马奇和金拉拉伯爵Earl of March and Kinrara。戈登公国未获得前称马奇伯爵Earl of March.

家族的古德伍德宅第在西萨塞克斯郡(West Sussex)的奇切斯特(Chichester)附近。

[编辑] 纹章

On His Grace's coat of arms; the United Kingdom along with a border of Lennox and surmounted escutcheon of Aubigny, are represented in 1st and 4th cantons as Stuart titles, while Clan Gordon (1st Gordon, 2nd Badenoch, 3rd Seton, 4th Fraser--from acquisition of Aboyne lands) is represented in 2nd and 3rd cantons. The previous Stuart arms for Richmond had the French province of Berry in cantons 1 and 4, Stuart arms bordered by Aubigny (in Berry) in cantons 2 and 3, with a surmounted Lennox escutcheon. Henry FitzRoy's arms were as follows: 1st and 4th canton borders for Brittany, 2nd and 3rd canton borders for Somerset, centred by the English Royal Arms, surmounted by an escutcheon of Nottingham, with a bar attached to show royal bastardy. Richmond has its own distinct badge, the Tudor rose as displayed by the Richmond Herald. Richmond was the compromise between Lancaster and York, in the Wars of the Roses.

[编辑] 里奇蒙和索美塞得公爵 (1525年)

[编辑] 里奇蒙公爵 (1623年第一次)

[编辑] 里奇蒙公爵 (1641年第二次)

[编辑] 里奇蒙公爵 (1675年第三次)

里奇蒙、伦诺克斯、欧比尼和戈登公爵纹章,始于1791年
里奇蒙、伦诺克斯、欧比尼和戈登公爵纹章,始于1791年
第十世公爵的继承人: 查尔斯·亨利·戈登-伦诺克斯 (马奇和金拉拉伯爵) (b. 1955年1月8日)
马奇伯爵的继承人: 查尔斯·亨利·戈登-伦诺克斯 (斯特林顿勋爵) (b. 1994年12月20日)

[编辑] 参考

[编辑] 其他

[编辑] 进一步阅读

  • Tillyard, Stella. Aristocrats: Caroline, Emily, Louisa, and Sarah Lennox, 1740-1832. Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1994.
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