Image:Han foreign relations CE 2 chinese.jpg
维基百科，自由的百科全书
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Chinese Version of Image:Han foreign relations CE 2.jpg. Created and copyright (2005) by Yu Ninjie. Released under the GNU FDL.
This map shows the world as was known to Han Dynasty China in CE 2. Names of non-Chinese peoples and states have been purposely left with their Chinese names (e.g. Dayuan instead of Fergana; Gaogouli instead of Goguryeo) to reflect the fact that our knowledge of participants in the Han world order comes almost exclusively from Chinese sources.
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[edit] Territorial garrisons
The headquarters of chief commandants (都尉) are shown in yellow. Chief commandants commanded territorial garrisons and were responsible for the supression of local armed threats and supervision of recruitment for military service. Note that these were concentrated on the frontiers, especially on the northern border region. When in the interior of the Han empire, they were often placed near iron or salt industries, on on important communication routes. A few dependent states (屬國) are shown in green. These were usually mixed settlements of Chinese and Xiongnu or more commonly, Qiang, under Han administration.
[edit] The Great Wall
During most of the Western Han period, the Great Wall served as a line of demarcation between Han and non-Chinese peoples, most notable of whom were the Xiongnu. The line of the Great Wall was extended by Emperor Wu along the Gansu corridor (the commanderies based at Dunhuang, Lufu, Lude and Guzang). This, along with walls north of the great loop of the Yellow River (beyond Wuyuan), provided the front line defences against the Xiongnu. A second line was maintained along the old Qin wall (the one that passes close to Fushi and Didao), which was important even into the 1st century.
Both the lines of the Great Wall and Yellow River are based on Tan Qixiang (ed.), Zhongguo lishi ditu (中国历史地图集), 1982. Note that the Yellow River is considerably to the north of its present flow.
[edit] Routes of communication
The broad outline of communication and transport routes from the capital Chang'an is marked in white. These were based on Qin Dynasty imperial highways, Han roads (such as the Chang'an-Anyi-Taiyuan-Yu road) and navigable riverways (such as the Chenliu and Shouchun route). The long road extending west from Chang'an to the "Western Regions" is often known as the Silk Road.
These are based in part on the reconstruction of early Chinese roads and waterways by Joseph Needham in Science and Civilisation, Vol. IV, 1954-, and the additions of Rafe de Crespigny in Generals of the South, 1992. The northern and southern routes of the Silk Road in the Western Regions is based on Map 16 in Cambridge History of China, vol. 1, 1986.
[edit] The Western Regions
From the end of the 2nd century BC, Han China fought with the Xiongnu over control of the Western Regions. By the time that they established the office of Protector General of the Western Regions (at Wulei) in 60 BC or 59 BC, the entire region was dominated by the Chinese. Tributary city-states, in light orange, sent periodic tribute to Chang'an and were rewarded by the Han court.
[edit] License and Source
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Source: Chinese Wikipedia, original upload 2005年4月7日 (木) by Yu Ninjie
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| 定位 | 标准 |
|---|---|
| 水平解析度 | 150 dpi |
| 垂直解析度 | 150 dpi |
| 处理软件 | Adobe Photoshop CS Windows |
| 文件更改的日期与时间 | 12:58 2005年4月7日 |
| 颜色空间 | sRGB |
