Bromocriptine
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Bromocriptine
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| Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
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| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | |
| ATC code | G02 N04BC01 |
| PubChem | |
| DrugBank | |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | C32H40BrN5O5 |
| Mol. mass | 654.595 |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | ? |
| Metabolism | ? |
| Half life | ? |
| Excretion | ? |
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| Routes | ? |
Bromocriptine (brand names include Parlodel), an ergoline derivative, is a dopamine agonist that is used in the treatment of pituitary tumors and Parkinson's disease.
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[edit] Uses
Amenorrhea, female infertility, galactorrhea, hypogonadism, and acromegaly may all be caused by pituitary problems, such as hyperprolactinaemia, and therefore, these problems may be treated by this drug.
It's also used in some countries following childbirth to prevent lactation if the mother does not wish to breastfeed. (One of dopamine's effects on the pituitary is as an antagonist of prolactin production by lactotrophs.) The FDA removed this indication in 1995, because of concerns with respect to an increased risk of heart attack, seizure and stroke.
Because of prolactin's role in stimulating proliferation of the T-lymphocytes of the immune system, bromocriptine has also been used to suppress the immune system in organ transplant patients.[1]
Because of its effects as a dopamine agonist, bromocriptine has potential use in treating addiction to cocaine, a drug that exhibits its own effects by blocking dopamine reuptake. Although it has negligible subjective effects when administered alone, studies show it has the potential to significantly ease the cocaine withdrawal syndrome.[2][3]
[edit] Structure
Like all ergopeptides, bromocriptine is a cyclol; two peptide groups of its tripeptide moiety (shown in black at the upper left of the Figure) are crosslinked, forming the >N-C(OH)< juncture between the two lactam rings.
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[edit] Notes and references
- ^ Clodi M, Kotzmann H, Riedl M, Schmidt A, Barnas U, Muhlbacher F, Mustafa G, Horl WH, Waldhausl W, Mayer G, Luger A., 1997. The long-acting dopamine agonist bromocriptine mesylate as additive immunosuppressive drug after kidney transplantation. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1997 Apr;12(4):748-52.
- ^ Campbell A, Baldessarini RJ, Cremens C, Teicher MH, Marsh E, Kula NS, 1989. Bromocriptine antagonizes behavioral effects of cocaine in the rat. Neuropsychopharmacology 1989 Sep; 2(3):209-24.
- ^ KL Preston, JT Sullivan, EC Strain and GE Bigelow, 1992. Effects of cocaine alone and in combination with bromocriptine in human cocaine abusers. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1992 Jul;262(1):279-91.
| Ergolines | |
|---|---|
| Lysergic acid derivatives | Bromocriptine, Cabergoline, Ergine,Ergonovine, Ergotamine, Lysergic acid, Lysergol, LSD, D-Lysergic acid hydroxyethylamide, Lisuride, Methergine, Methysergide, Pergolide |
| Hallucinogenic lysergamides | AL-LAD, ALD-52, BU-LAD, CYP-LAD, DAL, DAM-57, Ergonovine, ETH-LAD, LAE-32, LSD, LPD-824, LSM-775, Methylergonovine, MLD-41, PARGY-LAD, PRO-LAD |
| Other ergolines | Ergoline |
| Natural sources | Argyreia nervosa, Claviceps spp., Ipomoea tricolor, Ipomoea violacea, Rivea corymbosa |
Apomorphine, Bromocriptine, Cabergoline, Dihydrexidine, Dihydroergocryptine mesylate, Fenoldopam, Lisuride, Pergolide, Piribedil, Pramipexole, Quinpirole, Ropinirole, Rotigotine, SKF 38393, SKF 82958
