Carter Glass
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| Carter Glass | |
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| In office December 16, 1918 – February 1, 1920 |
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| Preceded by | William G. McAdoo |
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| Succeeded by | David F. Houston |
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| Born | January 4, 1858 Lynchburg, Virginia, USA |
| Died | May 28, 1946 Washington, D.C., USA |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Profession | Politician, Editor |
Carter Glass (January 4, 1858 – May 28, 1946) was an American politician from Virginia, who served many years in Congress with the Democratic Party. He also served as the U.S. Secretary of the Treasury under Woodrow Wilson.
Glass was born in Lynchburg, Virginia, and became a newspaper editor. He was elected to the Virginia state Senate in 1899, and was a delegate to the Virginia constitutional convention of 1901-1902. He was one of the most influential members of the convention, which imposed a poll tax and a literacy test in order to disenfranchise African Americans, but which also instituted measures associated with the Progressive movement, such as the establishment of the State Corporation Commission to regulate railroads and other corporations. Glass was elected to Congress as a Democrat in 1902, to fill a vacancy. In 1913, he became Chairman of the House Committee on Banking and Currency, where he worked with Wilson on the Federal Reserve Act. In 1918, Wilson then appointed him Secretary of the Treasury, succeeding William Gibbs McAdoo. His signature as Secretary of the Treasury can be found on series 1914 Federal Reserve Notes, issued while he was in office. He served in that role until 1920, when he was appointed to the United States Senate to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Thomas S. Martin.
Glass served in the U.S. Senate for the remainder of his life, turning down the offer of the Treasury from Franklin Roosevelt in 1933. Glass became Chairman of the Appropriations Committee when the Democrats regained control of the Senate in 1933, and also as President pro tempore from 1941 to 1945. As a Senator, Glass's most notable achievement was passage of the Glass-Steagall Act, which separated the activities of banks and securities brokers and created FDIC insurance.
Starting in 1942 Glass began suffering from various age-related illnesses, and he did not attend Senate meetings after that time. He refused to resign despite many requests to do so, and even kept his committee chairmanship. Many visitors were also kept from him by his wife. Glass died in Washington, D.C., on May 28, 1946.
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| Preceded by William G. McAdoo |
United States Secretary of the Treasury December 16, 1918 – February 1, 1920 |
Succeeded by David F. Houston |
| Preceded by Thomas S. Martin |
United States Senator (Class 2) from Virginia February 2, 1920 – May 28, 1946 Served alongside: Claude A. Swanson and Harry F. Byrd |
Succeeded by Thomas G. Burch |
| Preceded by Frederick Hale |
Chairman of the United States Senate Committee on Appropriations 1933 – 1946 |
Succeeded by Kenneth McKellar |
| Preceded by Pat Harrison |
President pro tempore of the United States Senate July 11, 1941 – January 2, 1945 |
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