Cuisine of Cambodia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 |
| This article is part of the Cuisine series |
| Foods |
|---|
|
Bread - Pasta - Cheese - Rice |
| Regional cuisines |
| Asia - Europe - Caribbean South Asia - Latin America Middle East - North America - Africa Other cuisines... |
| Preparation techniques and cooking items |
| Techniques - Utensils Weights and measures |
| See also: |
| Famous chefs - Kitchens - Meals Wikibooks: Cookbook |
Khmer Cuisine is similar to that of its Southeast Asian neighbors. It is relatively unknown to the world compared to its neighbor but has been described as somewhat similar to Thai cuisine today. Khmer cuisine is considered more refined and fresher than Thai. Many of the Khmers who knew how to cook Khmer cuisine before the civil war were killed during the Khmer Rouge Regime. Very few Cambodians know how to cook real Khmer cuisine. If you visit Phnom Penh today, the Khmer 'food' now tastes more like Thai because the people of Phnom Penh came from refugee camps so they do not know the real cooking of Khmer cuisine. Cambodian cuisine also use fish sauce widely in soups, stirred fired cuisine, and as dippings. Curry dishes known as kari (in Khmer, ការី) shows its ties with Indian cuisine. Influences from Chinese cuisine can be noted in the use of many variations of rice noodles. Beef noodle soup known simply as kuytheav (in Khmer, កុយទាវ) is a popular dish brought to Cambodia by its Chinese settlers. Also, banh chiao is the Khmer version of the Vietnamese bánh xèo.
Khmer cuisine is noted for the use of prahok, a type of fermented fish paste, in many dishes as a distinctive flavoring. When prahok is not used, it is likely to be kapik instead, a kind of fermented shrimp paste. Coconut milk is the main ingredient of many Khmer curries and desserts. In Cambodia there is regular aromatic rice and glutinous or sticky rice. The latter is used more in dessert dishes with fruits such as durian. Almost every meal is eaten with a bowl of rice.
Contents |
[edit] Herbs
Many herbs are used in Khmer cuisine are showcased in Khmer spring rolls known as naem (ណែម) which is also a Khmer version of the Vietnamese "nem". The herbs used are usually perilla, basil, heartleaf (Houttuynia cordata [1]), Vietnamese coriander (Polygonum odoratum), and Chinese chives (Allium tuberosum). Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) is used mainly as a garnish for many served-hot dishes such as beef noodle soup and babar (in Khmer, បបរ), a type of congee.
[edit] Spices
Tamarind, now commonly found in the form of a soup base, is a common ingredient in sour dishes such as samlar machu (សម្លម្ជូរ). Star anise is a must when caramelizing meats in palm sugar such as pork in the dish known as pak lov. Turmeric, galangal, ginger, lemongrass and Kaffir lime leaves are essential spices in some Khmer stews and nearly all curries.
[edit] Vegetables
Many vegetables used in Khmer cuisine are also used in Chinese cuisine. Unusual vegetables such as winter melon, bitter melon, luffa, and yardlong bean can be found in soups and stews. Oriental squash can be stewed, stir fried or sweetened and steamed with coconut milk as a dessert. Vegetables such as mushrooms, cabbage, baby corn, bamboo shoots, fresh ginger, Chinese broccoli, snow peas, and bok choy are commonly used in many different stir fry dishes simply known as chha (ឆា). Banana blossoms are sliced and added to some noodle dishes like nom banh chok.
[edit] Fruits
Fruits in Cambodia are so popular that they have their own royal court. The durian is considered the King, the mangosteen the queen, sapodilla the prince and the princess as the "milk fruit" (phlai teuk doh ko). Other popular fruits include: the jan fruit, kuy fruit, romduol, pineapple, rose apple, jackfruit, papaya, watermelon, banana, mango and rambutans. Although fruits are usually consider deserts, some fruits like mangoes and pineapples are eaten with rice as main dishes. Fruits are also made into beverages, mostly shakes, popular fruits for shakes are durian, mangoes, bananas.
[edit] Meats
Fish is the most common form of meat in Khmer cuisine. Dried salted fish known as trei ngeat (ត្រីងាត) are a favorite with plain rice porridge. The popular Khmer dish called amok uses a kind of catfish steamed in a savoury coconut based curry. Pork is quite popular in making sweet Khmer sausages known as twah ko (ត្វារគោ). Beef and chicken are stewed, grilled or stir fried. Seafood include an array of shellfish such as clams, cockles as well as crayfish, shrimp and squid. Lobsters are not commonly eaten because of their price, but middle class and rich Cambodians enjoy eating an abundant of them at Sihanoukville. Duck roasted in Chinese char siu style is popular during festivals. Unusual meats include frog, turtle, and various arthropods like tarantulas, but would be difficult to find in Khmer cuisine abroad, but are enjoyed as everyday delights in Cambodia.
[edit] Popular dishes
- Amok - fish in a thick coconut milk curry, wrapped in banana leaves and steamed.
- Ansom chek - a cylindrical rice cake wrapped in banana leaves filled with bananas.
- Ansom chrook - a cylindrical rice cake wrapped in banana leaves filled with pork and mung bean paste.
- Babar - a type of congee or rice porridge, plain or usually with chicken or pork (Babar Praey - salted Congee)
- Banh chiao - a yellow-colored crepe made of rice flour and filled with bean sprouts and meat. It is served with a sweet garlic fish sauce.
- Bi Cha -A popular fried rice dish composing of Chinese sausage, garlic, soy sauce, and herbs usually eaten with pork.
- Bi pong moun
- Bok l'hong - a salad of shredded unripe papaya with a savoury dressing of lime juice and fish sauce. May include tomatoes.
- Kari (Curry) - There are many types of curries, most notable are a spicy red chicken curry, and a sweet green fish curry. It is sometimes eaten with rice vermicelli or slices of baguettes.
- Kuytheav - a beef broth with rice noodles and various other ingredients.
- Lok Lak - cooked meat and onion on top of raw lettuce and tomatoes.
- Lou - Cambodian thick short noodles made usually with eggs and chicken, eaten mainly with fish sauce.
- Mee Siem - rice noodles sautéed in a sauce of shredded chicken breast, tofu, crushed chilies, garlic, shallots, Chinese chives, and bean sprouts with a shredded omelet.
- Nom Banhchok - Noodles with a soup made of grounded fish and lemon grass.
- Ngam nguv - a chicken soup flavored with whole preserved lemons.
- Samlar machu - a sour soup with a tamarind base. Includes meat such as chicken or fish, tomatoes, pineapples, plus other vegetables and herbs.
- Yao hon or yaohon - a sort of Khmer style fondue for beef, shrimp, spinach, napa cabbage, mushrooms but with a curry sauce instead of cheese.
[edit] External links
- Khmer Krom Recipes
- Cambodian Food - Frizz-restaurant.com
- CPA Media The Asia Experts - Cambodia: Food and Drink
- The Worldwide Gourmet
- Tourism Cambodia
- IExplore
- Leisure Cambodia
- Angkor Borei restaurant
- The Elephant Walk restaurant
