1980 Summer Olympics
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| Games of the XXII Olympiad | |
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| Host city | Moscow, U.S.S.R. |
| Nations participating | 80[1] |
| Athletes participating | 5,179 (4,064 men, 1,115 women)[1] |
| Events | 203 in 21 sports |
| Opening ceremony | July 19 |
| Closing ceremony | August 3 |
| Officially opened by | Leonid Brezhnev |
| Athlete's Oath | Nikolay Andrianov |
| Judge's Oath | Aleksandr Medved |
| Olympic Torch | Sergei Belov |
| Stadium | Luzhniki Stadium |
The 1980 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXII Olympiad, were held in Moscow in the Soviet Union. Another candidate in the bid to organize the Olympics was Los Angeles. The choice between them was made on October 23, 1974 in the 75th IOC session. Moscow defeated Los Angeles by 39 votes to 20. The yachting events were held in Tallinn; preliminary matches and the quarter-finals of the football (soccer) tournament were held, besides Moscow, at the stadiums of Leningrad, Kiev, and Minsk.
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[edit] Highlights
- Although approximately half of the 24 countries which boycotted the 1976 Summer Olympics participated in these, the Games were disrupted by another, even larger, boycott led by the United States followed by 64 other countries in protest of the 1979 Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. Eighty one nations participated - the lowest number since 1956.
- Major broadcasters of the Games were USSR State TV and Radio (1,370 accreditation cards), Eurovision (31 countries, 818 cards) and Intervision (11 countries, 342 cards).[2] Asahi TV with 68 cards provided coverage for Japan, while OTI representing the Spanish-speaking world received 59 cards and the Channel Seven provided coverage for Australia (48 cards).[2] NBC, which had intended to be another major broadcaster, cancelled its coverage in response to the U.S. boycott of the 1980 Summer Olympics, and became a minor broadcaster with 56 accreditation cards,[2] the network did air highlights and recaps of the games on a regular basis. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation almost canceled their plans for coverage after Canada took part in the boycott and was represented by 9 cards.[2]
- During the opening ceremony, Salyut 6 crew Leonid Popov and Valery Ryumin sent their greetings to the Olympians and wished them happy starts in the live communication between the station and the Central Lenin Stadium. They appeared on the stadium's scoreboard and their voices were translated via loud speakers.[3]
- According to the Official Report, submitted to the IOC by the NOC of the USSR, total expenditures for the preparations for and staging of the Games were 862.7 million rubles, total revenues being 744.8 million rubles.
- A series of commemorative coins was released in the USSR in 1977-1980 to commemorate the event. It consisted of five platinum coins, six gold coins, 28 silver coins and six copper-nickel coins.
- Soviet gymnast Alexander Dityatin won a medal in each of the eight gymnastics events, including three titles.
- Vladimir Salnikov (USSR) won three gold medals in swimming. His time in the 1500 metre freestyle was the first below 15 minutes.
- Belarusian Uladzimir Parfianovich of the USSR won 3 gold medals in canoeing.
- Soviet sailor Valentyn Mankin won a gold medal in "Star" class. He won Olympic champion titles in "Finn" and "Tempest" classes before, and as of 2005 remains the only sailor in Olympic history to win gold medals in three different classes.
- Ethiopian Miruts Yifter won the 5000 metre and 10000 metre athletics double, emulating Lasse Viren's 1972 and 1976 performances.
- Waldemar Cierpinski of East Germany won his second consecutive marathon gold.
- Women's field hockey was an Olympic sport for the first time. Six countries competed: Austria, India, Poland, Czechoslovakia, USSR, and Zimbabwe. The gold medal was won by the team of Zimbabwe.
- East Germany dominated rowing, winning eleven of the fourteen titles.
- Teófilo Stevenson of Cuba became the first boxer to win three consecutive Olympic titles in heavyweight (László Papp from Hungary was the first boxer to win three titles).
- Athletes reported that the Soviet fans at the games were excessively jingoistic, even booing athletes of close USSR allies such as East Germany and Poland.
- At the closing ceremony, the Los Angeles city flag - rather than the United States flag - was raised to symbolize the next host of the Olympic Games.
[edit] Venues
- Central Lenin Stadium area
- Grand Arena² - opening/closing ceremonies, athletics, football/soccer finals, equestrian events
- Minor Arena² - volleyball
- Swimming Pool² - water polo
- Palace of Sports² - gymnastics, judo
- Druzhba Multipurpose Arena¹ - volleyball
- Olympiiski Sports Center
- Indoor Stadium¹ - basketball, boxing
- Swimming Pool¹ - swimming, diving, swimming event of modern pentathlon, water polo
- CSKA (Central Sports Club of the Army) Sports Complex
- Athletics Fieldhouse, Central Sports Club of the Army¹ - wrestling
- Football Fieldhouse, Central Sports Club of the Army¹ - fencing
- Palace of Sports, Central Sports Club of the Army¹ - basketball, fencing event of modern pentathlon
- Venues in metropolitan Moscow
- Grand Arena, Dynamo Central Stadium² - football/soccer preliminaries
- Minor Arena, Dynamo Central Stadium² - hockey
- Young Pioneers' Stadium² - hockey
- Dynamo Palace of Sports¹, Khimki-Khovrino - handball
- Trade Unions' Equestrian Complex¹ - equestrian events, equestrian and cross-country events of modern pentathlon
- Izmailovo Palace of Sports¹ - weightlifting
- Sokolniki Sports Palace² - handball
- Dynamo Shooting Range², Mytishchi - shooting events, shooting event of modern pentathlon
- Krylatskoye Sports Complex
- Canoeing and Rowing Basin², Krylatskoye - canoeing, rowing
- Olympic Velodrome¹, Krylatskoye - cycling
- Archery Field¹, Krylatskoye - archery
- Venues outside Moscow
- Kirov Stadium², Leningrad, Russian SFSR - soccer/football preliminaries
- Dynamo Stadium², Minsk, Byelorussian SSR - soccer/football preliminaries
- Republican Stadium², Kiev, Ukrainian SSR - soccer/football preliminaries
- Olympic Yachting Center¹, Tallinn, Estonian SSR - yachting
¹ New facilities constructed in preparation for the Olympic Games. ² Existing facilities modified or refurbished in preparation for the Olympic Games.
[edit] Medals awarded
See the medal winners, ordered by sport:
[edit] Medal count
These are the top ten nations that won medals at these Games:
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  Soviet Union (host nation) |
80 | 69 | 46 | 195 |
| 2 |  East Germany |
47 | 37 | 42 | 126 |
| 3 |  Bulgaria |
8 | 16 | 17 | 41 |
| 4 |  Cuba |
8 | 7 | 5 | 20 |
| 5 |  Italy |
8 | 3 | 4 | 15 |
| 6 |  Hungary |
7 | 10 | 15 | 32 |
| 7 |  Romania |
6 | 6 | 13 | 25 |
| 8 |  France |
6 | 5 | 3 | 14 |
| 9 |  Great Britain |
5 | 7 | 9 | 21 |
| 10 |  Poland |
3 | 14 | 15 | 32 |
[edit] Participating nations
(Nations in italics marched under the Olympic flag at the opening and closing ceremonies.)
[edit] See also
- 1980 Summer Paralympics
- International Olympic Committee
- American-led boycott of the 1980 Summer Olympics
- IOC country codes
[edit] Olympics with significant boycotts
- 1976 Summer Olympics – Montreal, Quebec, Canada — African boycott
- 1980 Summer Olympics – Moscow, Russia, USSR — US-led boycott
- 1984 Summer Olympics – Los Angeles, California, USA — Soviet-led boycott
[edit] References
- ^ a b Moscow 1980
- ^ a b c d 1980 Summer Olympics Official Report from the Organizing Committee, vol. 2, p. 379
- ^ (Russian) History - Moscow-1980
[edit] External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
- Official Report from the Organizing Committee (3 volumes) on the AAFLA website
- (Russian) Theme songs of the 1980 Summer Olympics - lyrics and links to MP3 files
- Bear Cub Misha Lover's Association, 1980 Summer Olympics mascot Misha's fan page (in Japanese)
- Moscow Life: A retrospective of the 1980 Moscow Olympics
| Sports • Medal counts • NOCs Medalists • Symbols |
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