Angoulême

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Administration
Commune of Angoulême Cathédrale Saint-Pierre d'Angoulême
Location
Coordinates	45°39′00″N, 00°09′37″E
Country	France
Region	Poitou-Charentes
Department	Charente (préfecture)
Arrondissement	Angoulême
Canton	Chief town of 3 cantons
Intercommunality	Communauté d'agglomération du Grand Angoulême 102,368 inhabitants
Mayor	Philippe Mottet (2001-2008)
Statistics
Altitude	27 m–130 m (avg. 100 m)
Land area¹	21.85 km²
Population² (1999)	(Angoumoisins) 43,171
- Density (1999)	1,976/km²
Miscellaneous
INSEE/Postal code	16015/ 16000
¹ French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 mi² or 247 acres) and river estuaries.
² Population sans doubles comptes: single count of residents of multiple communes (e.g. students and military personnel).

Angoulême is a town and commune in southwestern France, préfecture (capital city) of the Charente département.

1 History
2 Geography
3 Sights
4 Economy
5 Transportation
6 Miscellaneous
- 6.1 Births
- 6.2 Twin towns
7 See also
8 Sources, external links and references

[edit] History

Angoulême in 1877. This is one of the first color photographs, printed by Louis Ducos du Hauron.

Angoulême (Iculisma or Ecolisna, later Angoulesme) was taken by Clovis from the Visigoths in 507, and plundered by the Normans in the 9th century.

In 1360 it was surrendered by the Treaty of Brétigny to the English; they were, however, expelled in 1373 by the troops of Charles V, who granted the town numerous privileges. It suffered much during the French Wars of Religion, especially in 1568 after its capture by the Protestants under Coligny.

The county of Angoulême dated from the 9th century, the most important of the early counts being William Taillefer, whose descendants held the title till the end of the 12th century. Withdrawn from them on more than one occasion by Richard Coeur-de-Lion, it passed to King John of England on his marriage with Isabel, daughter of Count Adhémar, and by her subsequent marriage in 1220 to Hugh X passed out to the Lusignan family, counts of Marche. On the death of Hugh XIII in 1302 without issue, his possessions passed to the crown. In 1394 the countship came to the house of Orleans, a member of which, Francis I, became king of France in 1515 and raised it to the rank of duchy in favour of his mother Louise of Savoy. The duchy, now crown land and only nominally a duchy, thereafter was passed on within the ruling house of France, one of its holders being Charles of Valois, natural son of Charles IX. The last duke was Louis-Antoine, eldest son of Charles X, who died in 1844.

[edit] Geography

Angoulême is located 134 km or 83.8 miles N.N.E. of Bordeaux on the railway between Bordeaux and Poitier.

The town proper occupies an elevated promontory, washed on the north by the Charente and on the south and west by the Anguienne, a small tributary of that Ocean. The more important of the suburbs lie towards the east, where the promontory joins the main plateau, of which it forms the north-western extremity.

[edit] Sights

Angoulême

In place of its ancient fortifications, Angoulême is encircled by boulevards known as the Remparts, from which fine views may be obtained in all directions. Within the town the streets are often dark and narrow, and, apart from the cathedral and the hôtel de ville, the architecture is of little interest.

The cathedral of St. Pierre, a church in the Byzantine-Romanesque style, dates from the 11th and 12th centuries, but has undergone frequent restoration, and was partly rebuilt in the latter half of the nineteenth century by the architect Paul Abadie. The façade, flanked by two towers with cupolas, is decorated with arcades filled in with statuary and sculpture, the whole representing the Last Judgment. The crossing is surmounted by a dome, and the extremity of the north transept by a fine square tower over 160 ft. high.

The hôtel de ville, also by Abadie, is a handsome modern structure, but preserves two towers of the chateau of the counts of Angoulême, on the site of which it is built. It contains museums of paintings and archaeology. [Hotel de Ville:[1]

[edit] Economy

Angoulême is a centre of the paper-making industry, with which the town has been connected since the 14th century. Most of the mills are situated on the banks of the watercourses in the neighbourhood of the town. The subsidiary industries, such as the manufacture of machinery and wire fabric, are of considerable importance. Iron and copper founding, brewing, tanning, and the manufacture of gunpowder, confectionery, heavy iron goods, gloves, boots and shoes and cotton goods are also carried on. Commerce is carried on in wine, brandy and building-stone.

[edit] Transportation

Angoulême in 1914

The main line of the Orléans railway passes through a tunnel beneath the town.

Angoulême (Brie-Champniers) airport is situated 9.5km NE of the city centre in Champniers, just off the N10. Currently there are only flights to Lyon, however the airport is undergoing improvement, with the runway being extended 50 metres to be able to take a Boeing 737. The terminal is having a new restaurant and shops added in order to greet flights from the UK budget airlines in February 2007. [2]

[edit] Miscellaneous

The famous Angoulême International Comics Festival takes place every year in January.

Angoulême is the seat of a bishop, a prefect, and an Assize court. Its public institutions include tribunals of first instance and of commerce, a council of trade-arbitrators, a chamber of commerce and a branch of the Bank of France. It also has a lycée, training-colleges, a school of artillery, a library and several learned societies.