Glossary of terms for multiraciality
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is a list of terms for multiraciality used worldwide for people of various types, kinds and degrees of multiracial backgrounds. Many of these may be considered offensive slurs.
Contents |
[edit] General
[edit] Generally considered inoffensive
- Biracial
- of mixed ancestry
- of dual heritage
- Mixed race
- Mixed
- Mixed Blood
- Multiracial
- Multiethnic
- Polygeneric — Neologism from Greek, poly-, (many) and genera (races)
[edit] Generally considered offensive
- Bastard
- Half-blood
- Half-breed
- Half-caste
- Half-Chat (Northern Ireland Colloquialism for people of white and black origins)
- Halfling
- High Yellow
- Hybrid
- Cross
- Mudblood
- Crossbreed
- Coyote
- Mongrel
- Mule
- Mutant
- Mutt
- Pendy (Used informally in Sheffield)
- Swirl, swirly, swirly baby - reference to swirl pattern on two-flavor "twist" soft-serve ice cream
- Zebra — for black and white
- Oreo - Black and White
- Halfrican - Half Black
[edit] Non-English language
- Ahí te estás — Spanish for "Stay there"
- Ai no ko — Japanese for "child of unlike things put together"
- Albarazado —
- Bastaard — Afrikaans for Coloured or Bastard
- Caboclo - European mixed Indian (native people from Brazil)
- Cambujo — Person 3/4 Amerindian and 1/4 African Descent
- Con lai — Vietnamese for "half-breed"
- Daburu — (ダブル) Japanese for the English word "double", a term used to describe the mix of two races/cultures/ethnicities/nationalities as a positive influence rather than a negative one yet does not embrace multiple elements; many times used in preference to the alternative Japanese term "haafu"
- Dougla — used in the Caribbean, Trinidad and Tobago for any mixed race, but typically African and Indian (Asian Indian)
- Gado Gado — used in Indonesia and Malaysia for "mixed"; literally "mixed vegetable salad with peanut sauce")
- Haafu — used in Japan and the United States for "half", often meaning half-Japanese
- Halfbloed — Dutch for "Half-blooded". "Bastaard", the Dutch translation for the offensive term "bastard" also resembles the English pronunciation.
- Hapa — Hawaiian for "part Hawaiian" or "part Asian, part Caucasian"
- Honhyeol — Korean for "mixed blood"
- Hun xue — Mandarin for "mixed blood"
- Konketsuji — Japanese for "mixed blood child"
- Luk kreung — Thai term used for children of mixed racial heritage, literally means "half-child"
- Mischling — German for "mixed person"
- Mulato - Brazil for mixed person with African origin.
- Tente en el aire — Spanish for "Stay in the air"
- Rojak or Rujak — Singlish [Singapore English] for "mixed vegetable/fruit salad"
- Torna atrás — Spanish for "turn around"
- Salto atrás — Spanish for "[a] jump backwards"
[edit] Part black
- Africasian - of mixed African and Asian descent
- Afrasian - of mixed African and Asian descent
- Blackanese- mix of black and Asian (Chinese, Japanese...etc)
- Blacktino - a mix of black and Latino
- Blasian- used in the United States, Europe, Asia, and parts of Africa
- Cafuzo — used in Brazil for black and Amerindian
- Chino — used in Latin America for Zambo and black. Also used in black populations of the United States to refer to individuals of mixed Asian and African American ancestry.
- Dougla — used in the Caribbean, Trinidad and Tobago for any mixed race, but typically African and Indian (Asian Indian)
- Eurafrican — African and European ancestry
- Halfrican - Half African Half White living in North America.
- Lobo — used in Latin America for black and Amerindian; synonym for Zambo
- Morisco — used in Latin America for Caucasian and Mulatto. (Christianized in Spain as Moors)
- Mulatto - significant admixture of white European and black African ancestry
- Goffal — African and European ancestry
- Octoroon — offspring of a quadroon and a European parent or offspring of two octoroons
- Pardo — used in Brazil for black and white
- Pointee — used in Kenya for African and Caucasian or other
- Quadroon — one quarter black, generally three quarters white
- Quintroon (also sextroon)— offspring of an octoroon and a white parent
- Zambo — Spanish for Latin Americans of mixed African and Amerindian descent
- Zambo — also used in some places for the offspring of a mulatto and a black parent
[edit] Historical
Under the Caste System of Colonial Latin America, very detailed vocabulary and charts of the various racial mixes (Castas) are depicted in the "Pintura de Castas", which were developed marking the proportions of White, Black and Amerindian blood of an individual.
In colonial Haiti and other parts of the Caribbean, a system of categorizing multiracial persons that also had a specialized vocabulary for varying degrees of racial mixute. In this system, people were divided into eleven categories based on the amount of "color" mixture over seven generations. As detailed in "Description Topographique Physique, Civile, Politique et Historique de a Partie Française de l’Isle Saint-Domingue" by M. L. E. Moreau de Saint-Mer (1791), these categories are:[1][2]
-
- noir (négre) 0-7 parts white
- sacatra 8-23 parts white
- griffe 24-39 parts white
- marabou 40-48 parts white
- mulâtre 49-70 parts white
- quateron 71-100 parts white
- métif 101-112 parts white
- mamelouc 113-120 parts white
- quateronné 121-124 parts white
- sang-mêlé 125-127 parts white
- blanc 128 parts white
These categories peristed following independence and even, to some degree until the present.[3]
[edit] Part Asian
- Amerasian — used in the United States and Philippines for a child of an American military serviceman and an Asian woman
- Anglo-Asian — used in the United Kingdom for English and Asian
- Anglo-Burmese - used in Burma and wherever this community settled, for this Eurasian community of mixed Burmese and European descent.
- Anglo-Indian — used in India and in the United Kingdom for English and Indian
- Africasian - of mixed African and Asian descent
- Afrasian - of mixed African and Asian descent
- Ainoco - used in Brazil for White and Japanese descent (Japanese: 愛の子).
- Bui doi — Vietnamese, literally "dust of the earth," for the children of American military servicemen (usually Caucasian) and Vietnamese women
- Chewish — used to describe those who are part Jewish and Chinese.
- Chindian — used in Malaysia and Singapore, referring to individuals of both Chinese and Indian descent
- Dougla — used in the Caribbean, Trinidad and Tobago for any mixed race, but typically African and Indian (Asian Indian)
- Desi — used in the United Kingdom and United States for any mixed south asian race.
- Eurasian — used in the United States, Europe, Malaysia and Singapore for individuals of both European and Asian descent
- Hasian — used for someone who is half Asian
- Haafu — used in Japan and the United States for "half", often meaning half-Japanese
- Hapa — Hawaiian for "part Hawaiian" or "part Asian, part Caucasian"
- Indo — used in the Netherlands and Indonesia for European descent and Asian; synonymous with Eurasian
- Indo-European — used in India, Europe, and Indonesia for European descent and Indian or Indonesian
- Lai Mỹ — used in Vietnam for "American mix"
- Luk kreung — used in Thailand, literally "half children," for Thai and white
- Malaynese — used in Malaysia for Malay and Chinese or Japanese
- Mestiço - used in Brazil for European and Japanese descent
- Mestiso — used in Malaysia and the Philippines for Filipino / Malay people and Spanish, Chinese, American, Japanese, or other
- Peranakan — used for Indonesian Chinese, or referring to Straits-born Chinese (Straits of Malacca)
- Philam — used in the Philippines to define someone who is American and Filipino
- Serani — Malay for European descent and Asian; synonymous with Eurasian
- Tsinoy — used in the Philippines referring to Filipino-Chinese descent
[edit] Neologisms
- Blackinese — used in the United States for black and Chinese
- Blasian-used in the United States for black and Asian
- Blatino — used in the United States for black and Latino
- Cablinasian — used in the United States for Causcasian/Black/American Indian/Asian; this term was invented by American pro golfer Tiger Woods to describe his own particular racial and ethnic heritage
- Coolie — used in Jamaica for Black and Asian Indian
- Blaxican — used in the United States for Black and Mexican
- Halfrican — used in the United States for persons with one black parent
[edit] Part Pacific Islander
- Afatasi — Samoan for half Samoan (or more generally, half Polynesian) and half other (usually white)
- Hapa — Hawaiian for "part Hawaiian" or "part Asian, part Caucasian"
- Kailoma or Vasu - Fijian for mixed European and indigenous Fijian descent
[edit] Part Native American, Amerindian, First Nations, Latino, Hispanic, or Indigenous to the Americas
- Métis — used in Canada and the United States for First Nations and European descent, particularly people of Algonquian and Celtic or/and French descent; and also to indicate a specific historic population of mixed Scottish or/and French AND Cree or/and Salteaux or/and Ojibwa ancestry. If the European ancestry is Iberian (Hispanic or Portuguese), the term 'Mestizo' or 'Mestiço' is normally used.
- Caboclo — used in Brazil for white and Amerindian
- Cafuzo — used in Brazil for black and Amerindian
- Castizo — used in Latin America for white and Mestizo
- Chino — used in Latin America for Zambo and black
- Kablunângajuit — used in Canada for European descent and Inuit
- Lobo — used in Latin America for black and Amerindian; synonym for Zambo
- Mestizo/Mestiço/Métis — used in Latin America, Philippines for Caucasian and Amerindian
- Zambo — Spanish for Latin Americans of mixed African and Amerindian descent
[edit] Historical
- See also "Part Black" above
[edit] Part White or European
- Afatasi — Samoan for half Samoan (or more generally, half Polynesian) and half other (usually white)
- Ainoco - used in Brazil for White and Japanese descent.
- Amerasian — used in the United States and Philippines for a child of an American military serviceman and an Asian women
- Anglo-Asian — used in the United Kingdom for English and Asian
- Anglo-Indian — used in the United Kingdom for English and Indian
- Bui doi — Vietnamese, literally "dust of the earth," for the children of American military servicemen (usually Caucasian) and Vietnamese women
- Caboclo — used in Brazil for white and Amerindian
- Castizo — used in Latin America for white and Mestizo
- Cookies and Cream - slang term
- Eurasian - used in United States, Singapore, India, Malaysia, & other countries for part European and part South or SE Asian.
- Indo — used in the Netherlands and Indonesia for European descent and Asian; synonymous with Eurasian
- Indo-European — used in India, Europe, and Indonesia for European descent and Indian or Indonesian
- Kablunângajuit — used in Canada for European descent and Inuit
- Luk kreung — used in Thailand, literally "half children," for Thai and white
- Mestizo/Mestiço/Métis — used in Latin America for Caucasian and Amerindian
- Morisco — used in Latin America for Caucasian and Mulatto. (Christianized in Spain as Moors)
- Mulatto - significant admixture of white European and black African ancestry
- Eurafrican — African and European ancestry
- Octoroon — offspring of a quadroon and a European parent
- Pardo — used in Brazil for black and white
- Pointee — used in Kenya for African and Caucasian or other
- Quadroon — one quarter African or black, generally three quarters European or white
- Quintroon — offspring of an octoroon and a European parent
- Serani — Malay for European descent and Asian; synonymous with Eurasian
- Whasian - used in the United States for a person of Caucasian and Asian descent.
- Zebra — for black and white
[edit] Neologisms
- Cablinasian — used in the United States for Caucasian/Black/American Indian/Asian; this term was invented by American pro golfer Tiger Woods to describe his own particular racial and ethnic heritage
[edit] Historical
- See also "Part Black" above
[edit] Genetic isolate
A genetic isolate is a group that has maintained, to some degree, a distinct ethnic identity, though is not necessarily isolated in a geographic or cultural sense.
- Melungeon — Cumberland Gap population purported to be of mixed European, African, and Native American ancestry
- Coloureds — in the South African and Namibian context, refers to a rather heterogeneous group of people of mixed Khoisan, white European, Malay, Malagasy, Black (Bantu), and South Indian ancestry, especially in the Western Cape
- Griqua — a subgroup of South Africa's heterogeneous and multiracial Coloured people
- Goffals — in the Zimbabwean context, refers to a rather heterogeneous group of people of mixed Ndebele/Shona with white European that arrived during the years of settlement in the 1800`s.
[edit] Unsorted
[edit] Notes and references
- ^ Mark Danner. "Beyond the Mountains (Part II) ." New Yorker. 4 December 1989. Accessed 20 February 2007.
- ^ Madison Smartt Bell. "Kreyol pale, Kreyol konprann." 13 September 2005. Accessed 20 February 2007. (French)
- ^ Dianne L. Durante. "Background Report on Haiti." 1994. Accessed 20 February 2007.
